scholarly journals ISSUES AND MEASURES OF DISASTER RESPONSE BASE CAPABILITIES OF SHIKOKU TO IMPROVE THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCE TO PREPARE FOR THE NANKAI TROUGH EARTHQUAKE: LESSONS FROM THE INITIAL RESPONSE OF THE 2016 KUMAMOTO EARTHQUAKE

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. I_21-I_28
Author(s):  
Hirohiko IWAHARA ◽  
Wataru SHIRAKI ◽  
Hitoshi INOMO ◽  
Kyosuke TAKAHASHI ◽  
Chikako ISOUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Nankai Trough ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake

Using Agent Simulations to Evaluate the Effect of a Regional BCP on Disaster Response

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijian Liu ◽  
Takeyasu Suzuki ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Distribution Center ◽  
Business Continuity ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Private Corporations

The 2016 Kumamoto earthquake caused severe damage to economic activities and livelihood of residents by disrupting the supply chains of common resources, such as food, water, roads, and other infrastructure. This disaster has made recovery difficult for businesses in the region. The importance of addressing BCP in regional areas was made clear by the 2004 Niigataken Chuetsu earthquake and the 2007 Niigataken Chuetsu-oki earthquake. The 2011 Greate East Japan earthquake revealed that individual business continuity efforts were interrupted by disruption of common infrastructure. Therefore, a new concept of a region-wide business continuity plans (BCP) that focuses on collaboration among stakeholders, including private corporations, local government, and communities, was urgently required to enhance the resilience of the region against disasters. A new concept of Area BCP was proposed by JICA and Prefectural-scale District BCP was formulated by prefectural governments of Kyoto and Kagawa.In order to evaluate the effect of the presence of a regional BCP on disaster response, this study focuses on one of the most important elements of a regional BCP: the disaster relief chain information-sharing factor. Based on the supply of relief goods from the distribution center in Tosu City, Saga Prefecture to the evacuation centers in Kumamoto Prefecture during the Kumamoto earthquake, the evaluation was conducted by quantitative analysis using agent simulations of relief logistics.

Fault stressing in the overriding plate due to megathrust coupling along the Nankai trough, Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinori Hashima ◽  
Hiroshi Sato ◽  
Tatsuya Ishiyama ◽  
Andrew Freed ◽  
Thorsten Becker
Keyword(s):  
Nankai Trough ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Seismic Inversion ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Crustal Earthquakes ◽  
The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Sw Japan ◽  
Stressing Rate

<p>The Nankai trough has hosted ~M8 interplate earthquakes with the interval of 100-200 years. The crustal activity in southwest (SW) Japan in the overriding plate was relatively quiet after the last coupled megathrust ruptures occurred in 1944 and 1946. In the recent 20 years, however, SW Japan has experienced ~M7 earthquakes such as the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. Similar activation of crustal earthquakes in the later stage of the megathrust earthquake cycles can be found in the historical earthquake occurrence based on paleographical studies. Such a change cannot be resolved by the probabilistic approaches, which usually rely on paleo-seismological data on longer timescales. Here, we show a deterministic way to quantify the current stressing state on the source faults due to megathrust coupling at the Nankai trough, making use of the data captured by the dense, modern geodetic network in Japan.</p><p>We constructed a 3-D finite element model (FEM) around the Japanese islands including the viscoelastic feature in the asthenosphere. The geometry of plate boundary on the Philippine Sea slab is based on earthquake distributions determined by the previous studies. In particular, the bended geometry at the junction of the Nankai trough and the Ryukyu trench is crucial for calculating stress. The plate boundary is divided into 8 x 27 patches to generate Green’s functions. The model region is divided into about 1000,000 tetrahedral elements with dimension of 5-100 km. We revised the source fault model by the Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion based on recent geophysical and geological data and added new faults in the Sea of Japan.</p><p>Our inter-seismic inversion suggests ~8 cm/year slip-rate deficit, which is consistent with the previous studies. Using the slip distribution, we calculate stressing rates on the source faults over SW Japan. In particular, positive Coulomb stressing rate on the source faults of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake and the other M7 earthquakes is consistent with their occurrence. The crustal earthquakes before the 1944 and 1946 megathrust events also occurred in the region with source faults with positive Coulomb stressing rate.</p>

scholarly journals Seismic velocity structure at the southern termination of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake rupture, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhira Aoyagi ◽  
Haruo Kimura ◽  
Kazuo Mizoguchi
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Velocity Structure ◽  
Seismic Velocity ◽  
Earthquake Rupture ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Seismic Velocity Structure ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Seismogenic Layer ◽  
The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Tectonic Line

Abstract The earthquake rupture termination mechanism and size of the ruptured area are crucial parameters for earthquake magnitude estimations and seismic hazard assessments. The 2016 Mw 7.0 Kumamoto Earthquake, central Kyushu, Japan, ruptured a 34-km-long area along previously recognized active faults, eastern part of the Futagawa fault zone and northernmost part of the Hinagu fault zone. Many researchers have suggested that a magma chamber under Aso Volcano terminated the eastward rupture. However, the termination mechanism of the southward rupture has remained unclear. Here, we conduct a local seismic tomographic inversion using a dense temporary seismic network to detail the seismic velocity structure around the southern termination of the rupture. The compressional-wave velocity (Vp) results and compressional- to shear-wave velocity (Vp/Vs) structure indicate several E–W- and ENE–WSW-trending zonal anomalies in the upper to middle crust. These zonal anomalies may reflect regional geological structures that follow the same trends as the Oita–Kumamoto Tectonic Line and Usuki–Yatsushiro Tectonic Line. While the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake rupture mainly propagated through a low-Vp/Vs area (1.62–1.74) along the Hinagu fault zone, the southern termination of the earthquake at the focal depth of the mainshock is adjacent to a 3-km-diameter high-Vp/Vs body. There is a rapid 5-km step in the depth of the seismogenic layer across the E–W-trending velocity boundary between the low- and high-Vp/Vs areas that corresponds well with the Rokkoku Tectonic Line; this geological boundary is the likely cause of the dislocation of the seismogenic layer because it is intruded by serpentinite veins. A possible factor in the southern rupture termination of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake is the existence of a high-Vp/Vs body in the direction of southern rupture propagation. The provided details of this inhomogeneous barrier, which are inferred from the seismic velocity structures, may improve future seismic hazard assessments for a complex fault system composed of multiple segments.

scholarly journals Correction to: Stress and pore fluid pressure control of seismicity rate changes following the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kodai Nakagomi ◽  
Toshiko Terakawa ◽  
Satoshi Matsumoto ◽  
Shinichiro Horikawa
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Pore Fluid ◽  
2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Pore Fluid Pressure ◽  
Seismicity Rate ◽  
Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
The 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake ◽  
Seismicity Rate Changes

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