Applications of bacteriophages in controlling rice bacterial grain rot caused by Burkholderia glumae

The study on the procedure of applicating bacteriophage (or phage) to prevent rice bacterial grain rot caused by Burkholderia glumae was conducted in the greenhouse conditions. The first experiment investigated the effect of different phage titers (i.e. 105 PFU/mL, 106 PFU/mL, 107 PFU/mL, 108 PFU/mL) in controlling bacterial grain rot of rice. The results showed that all four titers gave disease reduction with different levels, among these were the titer of 108PFU/mL expressed highest efficacy in disease reduction with the lowest percentage of infected grains compared to the rest treatments. The second experiment examined the effect of phage application times (i.e. spraying phage at 2 hours before pathogen inoculation, 2 hours before and 5 days after pathogen inoculation, and 5 days after pathogen inoculation) in suppressing bacterial grain rot disease. The results found that two treatments (i.e. one time spraying at 2 hours before pathogen inoculation, and two times spraying at 2 hours before and 5 days after pathogen inoculation) expressed high efficacy in reduction of grain rot disease through percentage of infected grains and improved yield parameter regarding rate of filled grains.

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Incidence of Bacterial Grain Rot Disease, Identification, and Diversity of Burkolderia glumae in Some Rice Varieties in West Java

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia ◽

10.14692/jfi.16.1.9-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 9-20

Author(s):

Ani Widarti ◽

Giyanto Giyanto ◽

Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Burkholderia Glumae ◽

West Java ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Disease Identification ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Bacterial Grain Rot

Penyakit busuk bulir padi oleh bakteri Burkholderia glumae perlu diwaspadai termasuk di Jawa Barat sebagai salah satu sentra produksi padi nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan insidensi penyakit, identitas dan keragaman bakteri B. glumae pada beberapa varietas padi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Pengamatan insidensi penyakit dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan di 9 kabupaten. Bakteri diisolasi dari bulir padi yang bergejala busuk bulir kemudian dilakukan uji biokimia dan fisiologi yang meliputi uji Gram serta uji pertumbuhan pada pH 4.8, dan NaCl 2%. Variasi fenotipik diamati dari warna koloni pada medium S-PG, produksi toksofalvin, respons hipersensitivitas pada daun tembakau, dan uji patogenisitas pada tanaman padi. Primer spesifik JLBgF/JLBgR dan primer universal 16S rRNA, yaitu 27F/1492R digunakan untuk menentukan identitas bakteri secara molekuler. Insidensi penyakit di lapangan berkisar antara 0–73.3%, tertinggi di Kecamatan Dawuan (Karawang) pada var. Mekongga. Berdasarkan uji biokimia dan fisiologi diperoleh 29 isolat terkonfirmasi sebagai B. glumae. Hasil pengamatan fenotipik menunjukkan 10 isolat tergolong koloni tipe A, 19 isolat tipe B; 25 isolat menghasilkan toksoflavin; 29 isolat menimbulkan respons hipersensitivitas pada daun tembakau dan gejala hawar pada tanaman padi. Identifikasi menggunakan primer spesifik dan universal membuktikan 29 isolat adalah B. glumae. Analisis keragaman genotip menunjukkan bahwa isolat KRCH-2 (Karawang) dan INCH-6 (Indramayu) memiliki hubungan kekerabatan yang dekat dengan B. glumae asal Cina dan Amerika

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Identifikasi penyebab penyakit busuk bulir bakteri pada tanaman padi (Oryza sativa) dan pengendaliannya menggunakan isolat Bacillus spp. secara in vitro

Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Tropis ◽

10.19184/jptt.v1i1.15584 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Siti Juli Isnaeni ◽

Rachmi Masnilah

Keyword(s):

Design Method ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Research Result ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

Burkholderia Glumae ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Disease Attack ◽

Bacterial Grain Rot

Bacterial grain rot disease in rice plant is a new disease in Indonesia. The disease can reduce rice production up to 40% in severe disease attack. Morphological and physiological identification of these pathogens can be useful as a strategy of disease control. Control of this disease using Agent Biological Control is a right step and eco-friendly. The research was conducted in July until November 2018 at Plant Quarantine Laboratory of Agricultural Quarantine Center Surabaya. Design of experiment used on pathogenic identification is descriptively and analytically while in strategy of diseases control used are Randomized Complete Design method of single factor as many as 5 treatment of Bacillus spp. such as; Ba1: Bacillus spp. isolate 1, Ba2: Bacillus spp. isolate 2, Ba3: Bacillus spp. isolate 3, Ba4: Bacillus spp. isolate 4, and Ba5: Bacillus isolate spp. 5. Research result showed that the pathogen causing bacterial grain rot in Rice is Burkholderia glumae with bacterial characteristic are Gram negative, aerobic, not fluorescent on Kings B medium, mesophyll, isotonic, can hydrolysis arginine and can produce enzyme of gelatinase and (2) Bacillus spp. Isolate which consistent to inhibiting B. glumae in vitro is Ba-1 with a mean inhibition of 17.88 mm and a variety of resistance mechanisms, namely bacteriostatic and bactericidal Isolate of Bacillus spp Keywords: Bacterial grain rot rice; Bacillus spp; Burkholderia glumae

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The Development of Rapid, Accurate and Simple Identification Techniques for Bacterial Grain Rot (Burkholderia Glumae) on Rice

International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review ◽

10.20546/ijcrar.2018.612.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ikhwana Aflaha ◽

Baha ruddin ◽

dan Untung Surapati

Keyword(s):

Burkholderia Glumae ◽

Identification Techniques ◽

Bacterial Grain Rot

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In Tuber Biocontrol of Potato Late Blight by a Collection of Phenazine-1-Carboxylic Acid-Producing Pseudomonas spp.

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9122525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2525

Author(s):

Geneviève Léger ◽

Amy Novinscak ◽

Adrien Biessy ◽

Simon Lamarre ◽

Martin Filion

Keyword(s):

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Late Blight ◽

Polyketide Synthase ◽

Genome Mining ◽

Potato Late Blight ◽

Genetic Determinants ◽

Pseudomonas Spp ◽

Disease Reduction ◽

Biocontrol Activity ◽

Different Levels

Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) produced by plant-beneficial Pseudomonas spp. is an antibiotic with antagonistic activities against Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of potato late blight. In this study, a collection of 23 different PCA-producing Pseudomonas spp. was confronted with P. infestans in potato tuber bioassays to further understand the interaction existing between biocontrol activity and PCA production. Overall, the 23 strains exhibited different levels of biocontrol activity. In general, P. orientalis and P. yamanorum strains showed strong disease reduction, while P. synxantha strains could not effectively inhibit the pathogen’s growth. No correlation was found between the quantities of PCA produced and biocontrol activity, suggesting that PCA cannot alone explain P. infestans’ growth inhibition by phenazine-producing pseudomonads. Other genetic determinants potentially involved in the biocontrol of P. infestans were identified through genome mining in strains displaying strong biocontrol activity, including siderophores, cyclic lipopeptides and non-ribosomal peptide synthase and polyketide synthase hybrid clusters. This study represents a step forward towards better understanding the biocontrol mechanisms of phenazine-producing Pseudomonas spp. against potato late blight.

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Toxoflavin is an Essential Factor for Virulence of Burkholderia glumae Causing Rice Seedling Rot Disease.

Japanese Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.3186/jjphytopath.64.91 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 91-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Katsuyoshi YONEYAMA ◽

Yoshiki KONO ◽

Isamu YAMAGUCHI ◽

Mamoru HORIKOSHI ◽

Takashi HIROOKA

Keyword(s):

Rice Seedling ◽

Essential Factor ◽

Burkholderia Glumae ◽

Seedling Rot ◽

Rot Disease

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Coumarin and salicylic acid activate resistance to Macrophomina phaseolina in Helianthus annuus

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.61.2013.1.3 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 23-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S. Al-Wakeel ◽

M. Gabr ◽

W. Abu-El-Soud ◽

A. Saleh

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Sunflower Seeds ◽

Induction Of Resistance ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Stem Lesions ◽

Different Levels

The induction of resistance to charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was studied after seed treatments with coumarin (COU) and salicylic acid (SA) at three different levels (0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 mM). The priming of sunflower seeds with 0.3 mM COU or 1.0 mM SA resulted in decreased disease severity and offered about 50% protection and more than 80% reduction in the length of stem lesions under greenhouse conditions. Both COU and SA treatments induced the accumulation of soluble sugars and phytoalexins, as well as stimulating the activity of β-1,3-glucanase and chitinase.

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Rapid detection of Burkholderia glumae causal agent of grain rot disease in rice seed from Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi using ELISA

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/807/2/022097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 807 (2) ◽

pp. 022097

Author(s):

A A Darmawan ◽

T Kuswinanti ◽

A Asman

Keyword(s):

Rapid Detection ◽

Causal Agent ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Burkholderia Glumae ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Rot Disease

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Morphological, molecular and resistance responses to soft-rot disease variability among plantlets of Phalaenopsis amabilis regenerated from irradiated protocorms

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Halida Adistya Putri ◽

Agus Purwito ◽

Sudarsono Sudarsono ◽

Dewi Sukma

Keyword(s):

Leaf Disc ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Nucleotide Variation ◽

Stomatal Size ◽

Disease Response ◽

Soft Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Different Levels ◽

Disc Assay ◽

Resistance Mutants

Abstract. Putri HA, Purwito A, Sudarsono, Sukma D. 2021. Morphological, molecular and resistance responses to soft-rot disease variability among plantlets of Phalaenopsis amabilis regenerated from irradiated protocorms. Biodiversitas 22: 1077-1090. Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume is a prominent donor for the white petal and sepal trait in Phalaenopsis breeding. However, it has an undesirable character, such as susceptible to soft-rot disease. Therefore, developing soft-rot resistance mutants through gamma irradiation could be explored. This study aimed to evaluate the variability of plantlets regenerated from irradiated and non-irradiated protocorms using morphology, stomatal size and molecular markers and to test responses of the plantlets against soft-rot disease. The plantlets were regenerated from irradiated (5, 10, 15 or 20 Gy) and non-irradiated protocorms. The results showed that P. amabilis plantlet variants were successfully identified based on their leaf morphology and stomatal size variations. A few plantlets have low stomatal densities, large stomatal size, and high chloroplast numbers, which indicated they were polyploids. Leaf disc assay for soft-rot disease response grouped most of the plantlets into very susceptible or susceptible. Moreover, four soft-rot resistant plantlets regenerated from irradiated and non-irradiated protocorms were successfully identified. The resistant plantlets were identified after three consecutive periods of inoculations with pathogens causing soft-rot disease. The evaluation also confirmed nucleotide variation in the Pto gene isolated from different levels of plantlet variant resistance responses.

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