scholarly journals Pyrolusite Bioleaching by an Indigenous Acidithiobacillus sp KL3 Isolated from an Indonesian Sulfurous River Sediment

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Endah Retnaningrum ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Scanning Electron

The manganese bioleaching process of pyrolusite from Kliripan, Indonesia using Acidithiobacillus sp KL3 was investigated. The influence pulp densities of pyrolusite (0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.05 g/cm3) on the bioleaching processes were studied for 16 days. The reduction on pH values, the increasing of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), sulfate and manganese concentration were analyzed. The manganese bioleaching mechanism of pyrolusite by the strain was monitored using Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive-X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). The results indicated that 0.02 g/cm3 of pyrolusite was considered to be the optimal pulp density for manganese bioleaching process. During this process, pH values decreased, furthermore resulted in increasing of ORP, the concentration of sulfate and manganese. SEM-EDX analysis clearly showed the evidence of directly bacterial cell attachment into the surface of pyrolusite. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) were further founded on that surface. Sulfur elemental was oxidized by the strain which was then confirmed of resulting in solubilized manganese.

scholarly journals The influence of different sludge concentrations on its dewaterability during bioleaching

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 2585-2598
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Yang ◽  
Liyuan Zeng ◽  
Weihao Zhang ◽  
Qiyong Yang ◽  
Tianfeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Sludge Dewaterability

Abstract Bioleaching, a technologically and economically feasible technology, is considered as the high efficiency method to improve dewaterability in sewage sludge. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different sludge concentrations on bioleaching dewaterability and understand the mechanism of the effect of bioleaching on sludge dewaterability. Variation in pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and different fractions of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) including slime EPS (S-EPS), loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) were determined. Different sludge concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 g·L−1) were selected to investigate during bioleaching. Results indicated that sludge buffering capacity significantly inhibited bioleaching efficiency as sludge concentrations increased. Optimum enhancements in sludge dewaterability were observed during the 10 g·L−1 sludge concentration treatment, and reached a maximum when the pH was 2.11. The variation of different fractions of EPS revealed that the ratio of S-EPS/TB-EPS significantly affected sludge dewaterability. Principal component analysis and Pearson's correlation analysis both provided evidence that the higher TB-EPS followed by a very large reduction was positively correlated with sludge dewaterability. However, the increase of protein and DNA in S-EPS content was negatively correlated with sludge dewaterability.

Effect of using different proportions of inoculum during bioleaching on sludge dewaterability

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
pp. 802-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfang Zhang ◽  
Wenfeng Yang ◽  
Qiyong Yang ◽  
Tianfeng Wang ◽  
Shenliang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Geological Materials ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Sludge Dewaterability

Abstract Bioleaching, the addition of bacteria to geological materials, has been applied to sludge to remove metals and improve upon sludge dewaterability. This paper investigates the effect of using different quantities of inoculum (bacteria) during bioleaching on sludge dewaterability. The analysis was based on bioleaching experiments conducted in a 20 L bio-reactor using different quantities of inoculum (20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 0%). Changes in pH, oxidation reduction potential (ORP), capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were determined to gauge sludge dewatering. Results indicate that sludge dewaterability during the 2%, 10%, and 20% inoculum experiments declined through time. Decreased dewaterability is attributed to increases in the quantity of proteins and polysaccharides in slime EPS. Dewaterability improved during the 5% inoculum experiment, and reached a maximum when pH was 2.3. During this latter experiment, CST and SRF were reduced by 74% and 62%, respectively, in comparison to control conditions, while total EPS content decreased by 71%. The decrease in total EPS was primarily due to a decrease in proteins associated with tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS). Thus, changes in the amount of proteins in TB-EPS and sludge pH played a crucial role in sludge dewaterability.

Evaluation of Healthy Living Water

2010 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong Zhe Jin ◽  
Bo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential

An evaluation of healthy living water was studied. The oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and pH values of spring in the longevity village, activated water, tap water were investigated in the paper. It was found that ORP was related to the longevity closely，and an evaluation method based ORP of healthy living water was provided. The research indicated that the evaluation was true of healthy food as well.

scholarly journals In situ measurements of oxidation–reduction potential and hydrogen peroxide concentration as tools for revealing LPMO inactivation during enzymatic saccharification of cellulose

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Kadić ◽  
Anikó Várnai ◽  
Vincent G. H. Eijsink ◽  
Svein Jarle Horn ◽  
Gunnar Lidén
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
The State ◽  
Enzyme Inactivation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Process Economics ◽  
Complete Inactivation ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential

Abstract Background Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to simple sugars at commercial scale is hampered by the high cost of saccharifying enzymes. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) may hold the key to overcome economic barriers. Recent studies have shown that controlled activation of LPMOs by a continuous H2O2 supply can boost saccharification yields, while overdosing H2O2 may lead to enzyme inactivation and reduce overall sugar yields. While following LPMO action by ex situ analysis of LPMO products confirms enzyme inactivation, currently no preventive measures are available to intervene before complete inactivation. Results Here, we carried out enzymatic saccharification of the model cellulose Avicel with an LPMO-containing enzyme preparation (Cellic CTec3) and H2O2 feed at 1 L bioreactor scale and followed the oxidation–reduction potential and H2O2 concentration in situ with corresponding electrode probes. The rate of oxidation of the reductant as well as the estimation of the amount of H2O2 consumed by LPMOs indicate that, in addition to oxidative depolymerization of cellulose, LPMOs consume H2O2 in a futile non-catalytic cycle, and that inactivation of LPMOs happens gradually and starts long before the accumulation of LPMO-generated oxidative products comes to a halt. Conclusion Our results indicate that, in this model system, the collapse of the LPMO-catalyzed reaction may be predicted by the rate of oxidation of the reductant, the accumulation of H2O2 in the reactor or, indirectly, by a clear increase in the oxidation–reduction potential. Being able to monitor the state of the LPMO activity in situ may help maximizing the benefit of LPMO action during saccharification. Overcoming enzyme inactivation could allow improving overall saccharification yields beyond the state of the art while lowering LPMO and, potentially, cellulase loads, both of which would have beneficial consequences on process economics.

scholarly journals The Negative Impact of Varicocele on Basic Semen Parameters, Sperm Nuclear DNA Dispersion and Oxidation-Reduction Potential in Semen

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5977
Author(s):  
Kamil Gill ◽  
Michal Kups ◽  
Patryk Harasny ◽  
Tomasz Machalowski ◽  
Marta Grabowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Sperm Dna

Since varicocele is so common in infertile men, this study intends to analyse the relationships between varicocele and conventional semen characteristics, sperm nuclear DNA dispersion and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in semen. Varicocele-positive and varicocele-negative infertile men (study groups) showed significantly lower standard sperm parameters and higher sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and ORP in semen than healthy volunteers and subjects with proven fertility (control groups). A lower proportion of low SDF levels (0–15% SDF) and higher incidence of high SDF levels (>30% SDF), as well as a higher prevalence of high ORP values (>1.37 mV/106 sperm/mL), were found in the study groups vs. the control groups. Moreover, infertile men had significantly lower odds ratios (ORs) for low SDF levels and significantly higher ORs for high SDF levels and high ORP. SDF and ORP were negatively correlated with sperm number, morphology, motility and vitality. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between SDF and ORP. The obtained results suggest that disorders of spermatogenesis may occur in varicocele-related infertility. These abnormalities are manifested not only by reduced standard semen parameters but also by decreased sperm DNA integrity and simultaneously increased oxidative stress in semen.

scholarly journals The influence of oxidation-reduction state on the kinetic stability of pig kidney general acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and other flavoproteins

1984 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Madden ◽  
S M Lau ◽  
C Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Sodium Dithionite ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Kinetic Stability ◽  
Pig Kidney ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Electron Transferring Flavoprotein

Pig kidney general acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is markedly stabilized against loss of flavin and activity in 7.3 M-urea or at 60 degrees C upon reduction with sodium dithionite or octanoyl-CoA. Electron transferring flavoprotein is similarly stabilized, whereas egg white riboflavin-binding protein loses flavin more readily on reduction. These and other data support the anticipated correlation between the kinetic stability of the holoproteins and the oxidation-reduction potential of their bound flavins.

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