scholarly journals PERANAN JAMUR MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN PENYAKIT DAUN KERITING KUNING CABAI (THE ROLE OF VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA ON DISEASE SEVERITY OF PEPPER YELLOW LEAF CURL DISEASE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imron ◽  
Suryanti Suryanti ◽  
Sri Sulandari
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi ◽  
Vesicular Arbuscular ◽  
Chili Peppers ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Curly Leaf ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

ABSTRACTPepper yellow leaf curl disease caused by Begomovirus is a very important disease in chili plantation. The use of pesticides to control this disease has not yielded satisfactory results, so this study aimed to use arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (AMF), to control curly leaf yellow disease of chili peppers. Pepper seeds were inoculated with AMF, i.e., T0 = seeds without AMF inoculation, T1 = seedlings inoculated with AMF at nursery, T2 = seedlings inoculated with AMF at transplanting, and T3 = seedlings inoculated with AMF at nursery and transplanting. Parameters observed every week were disease intensity and infection rate of yellow leaf curl disease. Results indicated that inoculation of AMF could delay Begomovirus infections and symptoms emergence of pepper yellow leaf curl disease.Keywords: Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi, Begomovirus, pepper yellow leaf curl diseaseINTISARIPenyakit daun keriting kuning cabai disebabkan Begomovirus merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada pertanaman cabai. Upaya pengendalian dengan menggunakan pestisida belum memberikan hasil yang memuaskan, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular (JMA) dalam mengendalikan penyakit daun keriting kuning pada cabai. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menginokulasi bibit cabai menggunakan JMA dengan perlakuan T0= bibit tanpa inokulasi JMA, T1= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pembibitan, T2= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pindah tanam ke lahan pertanaman cabai, dan T3= bibit diinokulasi pada saat pembibitan dan pada saat pindah tanam ke lahan pertanaman cabai. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap satu minggu sekali dengan parameter pengamatan meliputi intensitas penyakit dan laju infeksi penyakit daun keriting kuning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemunculan gejala penyakit daun keriting kuning cabai pada bibit yang diinokulasi dengan JMA lebih lambat dibandingkan bibit yang tidak diinokulasi dengan JMA.Kata kunci: Begomovirus, Jamur Mikoriza Arbuskular, penyakit daun keriting kuning cabai

Mapping of QTLs in tomato line FLA456 associated with resistance to a virus causing tomato yellow leaf curl disease

Euphytica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kadirvel ◽  
R. de la Peña ◽  
R. Schafleitner ◽  
S. Huang ◽  
S. Geethanjali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Line ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

scholarly journals MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus ON CHILI PEPPER IN NUSA PENIDA ISLAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Dewa Gede Wiryangga Selangga ◽  
Listihani Listihani
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

Molecular identification of Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus on chili pepper in Nusa Penida Island. Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PYLCV) has been reported as caused yellow leaf curl disease in Bali Island since early 2012. Dominant symptoms of PYLCV infection in chili pepper were yellowing, leaf curl, yellow mosaic, and mottle. Bemisia tabaci, has been known to vector on the case yellow leaf curl disease. Observations on the Nusa Penida Island in 2020 showed symptoms such as yellow leaf curl disease, however, identification of PYLCV in Nusa Penida Island has not been studied. Molecular identification was conducted using polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis. Data collected in this study was disease symptoms and disease incidence. The results showed that dominant disease symptoms caused by virus from Nusa Penida were yellow mosaic, yellowing, and mottle. Universal DNA fragments of 912 bp were successfully amplified from 50 leaf samples using Begomovirus degenerate primers SPG 1 (5’-CCCCKGTGCGWRAATCCAT-3’) and SPG 2 (5’ATCCVAA YWTYCAGGGAGCT-3’). Sequence analysis showed that the isolate from Nusa Penida was a Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus with a 98–100% homology with several reference isolates.

scholarly journals Engineering Plant Resistance to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Thailand Virus Using a Phloem-Specific Promoter Expressing Hairpin RNA

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Yuh Tzean ◽  
Ho-Hsiung Chang ◽  
Tsui-Chin Tu ◽  
Bo-Han Hou ◽  
Ho-Ming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus ◽  
35S Promoter ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Hairpin Rna ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Inoculation Assay ◽  
Leaf Curl

Transgenic approaches employing RNA interference (RNAi) strategies have been successfully applied to generate desired traits in plants; however, variations between RNAi transgenic siblings and the ability to quickly apply RNAi resistance to diverse cultivars remain challenging. In this study, we assessed the promoter activity of a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (35S) and a phloem-specific promoter derived from rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and their efficacy to drive RNAi against the endogenous glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase gene (GSA) that acts as a RNAi marker, through chlorophyll synthesis inhibition, and against tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (TYLCTHV), a begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) reported to be the prevalent cause of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) in Taiwan. Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana expressing hairpin RNA of GSA driven by either the 35S or RTBV promoter revealed that RTBV::hpGSA induced stronger silencing along the vein and more uniformed silencing phenotype among its siblings than 35S::hpGSA. Analysis of transgenic N. benthamiana, 35S::hpTYLCTHV, and RTBV::hpTYLCTHV revealed that, although 35S::hpTYLCTHV generated a higher abundance of small RNA than RTBV::hpTYLCTHV, RTBV::hpTYLCTHV transgenic plants conferred better TYLCTHV resistance than 35S::hpTYLCTHV. Grafting of wild-type (WT) scions to TYLCTHV RNAi rootstocks allowed transferable TYLCTHV resistance to the scion. A TYLCTHV-inoculation assay showed that noninfected WT scions were only observed when grafted to RTBV::hpTYLCTHV rootstocks but not 35S::hpTYLCTHV nor WT rootstocks. Together, our findings demonstrate an approach that may be widely applied to efficiently confer TYLCD resistance.

Tomato Plant Flavonoids Increase Whitefly Resistance and Reduce Spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qixi Yao ◽  
Zhengke Peng ◽  
Hong Tong ◽  
Fengbo Yang ◽  
Gaoshan Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graph ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Phloem Feeding ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a begomovirus (genus Begomovirus) is the causal agent of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD), which causes severe damage to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) crops throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. TYLCV is transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in a circulative and persistent manner. Our previous studies showed that tomato flavonoids deter B. tabaci oviposition, but the effects of tomato flavonoids on the settling and feeding behavior of B. tabaci and on its transmission of TYLCV are unknown. Using two near-isogenic tomato lines that differ greatly in flavonoid levels, we found that high flavonoid production in tomato deterred the landing and settling of B. tabaci. Moreover, electrical penetration graph studies indicated that high flavonoid levels in tomato reduced B. tabaci probing and phloem-feeding efficiency. As a consequence, high flavonoid levels in tomato reduced the primary and secondary spread of TYLCV. The results indicate that tomato flavonoids provide antixenosis resistance against B. tabaci and that the breeding of such resistance in new varieties could enhance TYLCD management.

scholarly journals Virus Accumulation and Whitefly Performance Modulate the Role of Alternate Host Species as Inoculum Sources of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2958-2966
Author(s):  
Saioa Legarrea ◽  
Apurba Barman ◽  
Stanley Diffie ◽  
Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Inoculum Sources ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Evaluating alternate hosts that facilitate the persistence of a virus in the landscape is key to understanding virus epidemics. In this study, we explored the role of several plant species (eggplant, pepper, and Palmer amaranth) as inoculum sources of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and as reservoirs for its insect vector, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). All inoculated species were infected with TYLCV, but whiteflies acquired fewer viral copies via feeding from pepper and eggplant than from tomato and Palmer amaranth. Further, back-transmission assays to recipient tomato resulted in TYLCV infection only when TYLCV was acquired from Palmer amaranth or tomato. Analysis suggested that the role of plant species as TYLCV inoculum sources may be determined by the accumulation of viral copies in the plant, and consequently in the insect vector. In addition, results showed that all three alternate species could sustain populations of B. tabaci, while differentially influencing fitness of whiteflies. Eggplant was a superior host for whiteflies, whereas whitefly survival was compromised on pepper. Together, we demonstrate that both plant-virus and plant-vector interactions could influence the role of an alternate host in TYLCV epidemics, and in our region of study we highlight the potential risk of hosts such as Palmer amaranth in the spread of TYLCV.

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