scholarly journals Perceptual learning, talker specificity, and sound change

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 90-122
Author(s):  
Meredith Tamminga ◽  
Robert Wilder ◽  
Wei Lai ◽  
Lacey Wade
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Sound Change ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Speech Input ◽  
Same Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Learning Generalization

Perceptual learning is when listeners hear novel speech input and shift their subsequent perceptual behavior. In this paper we consider the relationship between sound change and perceptual learning. We spell out the connections we see between perceptual learning and different approaches to sound change and explain how a deeper empirical understanding of the properties of perceptual learning might benefit sound change models. We propose that questions about when listeners generalize their perceptual learning to new talkers might be of of particular interest to theories of sound change. We review the relevant literature, noting that studies of perceptual learning generalization across talkers of the same gender are lacking. Finally, we present new experimental data aimed at filling that gap by comparing cross-talker generalization of fricative boundary perceptual learning in same-gender and different-gender pairs. We find that listeners are much more likely to generalize what they have learned across same-gender pairs, even when the different-gender pairs have more similar fricatives. We discuss implications for sound change.

Identifying Physico-Chemical Laws from the Robotically Collected Data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Cao ◽  
Danilo Russo ◽  
Vassilios S. Vassiliadis ◽  
Alexei Lapkin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship

<p>A mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) formulation for symbolic regression was proposed to identify physical models from noisy experimental data. The formulation was tested using numerical models and was found to be more efficient than the previous literature example with respect to the number of predictor variables and training data points. The globally optimal search was extended to identify physical models and to cope with noise in the experimental data predictor variable. The methodology was coupled with the collection of experimental data in an automated fashion, and was proven to be successful in identifying the correct physical models describing the relationship between the shear stress and shear rate for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, and simple kinetic laws of reactions. Future work will focus on addressing the limitations of the formulation presented in this work, by extending it to be able to address larger complex physical models.</p><p><br></p>

Simulation on Extrusion Comminution Model of Roller Press

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 1702-1707
Author(s):  
Xiang Wen Cheng ◽  
Jinchao Liu ◽  
Qi Zhi Ding ◽  
Li Ming Song ◽  
Zhan Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Size Ratio ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Extrusion Force ◽  
Particle Size Ratio ◽  
Small Constant ◽  
Working Parameters ◽  
The Relationship

How to predict the relationship among particle size and among product size, to establish the relationship between the granularity and working parameters in the process of grinding and to determine the optimum operating parameters. With proposing BS squeeze crush model by L. Bass and the idea of roll surface division as the material uneven extrusion force are adopted. Based on field experiments the experimental data is analyzed, the select function and the breakage functions are fitted with MATLAB software, and obtaining their model. The comminution model is determined by the roller division. We obtain the model parameter through the experimental data. Through model analysis shows: the relationship between particle breakage and energy absorption, namely the smaller size of the same power, the lower broken; the breakage diminishes with the decrease of particle size ratio and it will be tending to a small constant when the smaller particle size ratio. The breakage functions rapidly decrease within ratio of between 0.2-0.7. This shows: the energy consumption will rapidly increase when the particle size of less than 0.2 in broken; the selection diminish with the decrease of particle size. Pressure (8-9MPa) should be the most appropriate value.

Correlation of paretic knee extension strength with gait speed after stroke: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Richard W. Bohannon
Keyword(s):  
Gait Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Extension Force ◽  
Correlational Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have addressed the relationship between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable walking speed after stroke. However, the correlations reported are highly variable. This review sought to summarize the correlational data using meta-analysis. METHODS: Relevant literature was identified via a search of 3 bibliographic databases. Articles were screened and perused for inclusion. Included articles were examined for information on the sample studied, procedures for measuring strength and gait speed, and correlations reported between the 2 variables. Meta-analysis was used to calculate a summary correlation. RESULTS: Of 299 unique articles, 18 met inclusion criteria. Articles were diverse in regard to samples studied, procedures described, and correlations reported. Meta-analysis using data from all included studies revealed a summary correlation of 0.51. For studies using hand-held or isokinetic dynamometry, the summary correlation was 0.46 and 0.59 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a better indication of the correlation between paretic knee extension strength and comfortable gait speed than individual studies. The correlation is high enough to provide support for the routine measurement of paretic knee extension force for individuals who have experienced a stroke.

The Relationship between the Perception and Production of Coarticulation during a Sound Change in Progress

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicitas Kleber ◽  
Jonathan Harrington ◽  
Ulrich Reubold
Keyword(s):  
Sound Change ◽  
The Relationship

The Tensile Property of the SPF/Cotton Blended Yarn

2011 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Qing Bin Yang ◽  
Xiao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Tensile Property ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Blended Yarn ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

In order to analysis the relationship between the strength and elongation and the blended ratio of SPF/Cotton blended yarn, the strength and elongation of SPF /cotton blended yarn with different blended ratio were measured and compared with the simple model. The results indicated that For the SPF/cotton blended yarn, the difference between the experimental data and the model value is remarkable because of the high cohesion of the cotton fibers.

Parlamentarier für Europa – Die Vernetzung des Bundestags mit europäischen interparlamentarischen Körperschaften durch Doppelmandate (1950-1969/70

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-344
Author(s):  
Paul Lukas HÄHNEL
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Interstate Cooperation ◽  
Western European ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines inter-parliamentary institutions as a factor for interstate cooperation in Europe in the 1950s and 1960s. For this purpose, an analysis of the relationship between the parliamentary assembly of the European Communities, the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Western European Union and their connections to the Bundestag through dual mandates is carried out. Based on the relevant literature, the article highlights formal and informal inter-organizational links as well as partly overlapping and competing competences between these inter-parliamentary institutions. By using the example of the Federal Republic of Germany, multiple connections between the Bundestag and the emerging European parliamentary level are shown. Finally, the article focuses on the disentanglement of the parliamentary levels in the 1970s.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Cast Iron Using Fuzzy Logic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Tan ◽  
Vladimir Tarasov ◽  
Vasileios Fourlakidis ◽  
Attila Dioszegi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Systems ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Data Driven Modeling

For many industries, an understanding of the fatigue behavior of cast iron is important but this topic is still under extensive research in materials science. This paper offers fuzzy logic as a data-driven approach to address the challenge of predicting casting performance. However, data scarcity is an issue when applying a data-driven approach in this field; the presented study tackled this problem. Four fuzzy logic systems were constructed and compared in the study, two based solely upon experimental data and the others combining the same experimental data with data drawn from relevant literature. The study showed that the latter demonstrated a higher accuracy for the prediction of the ultimate tensile strength for cast iron.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between EFL Students’ Perceptual Learning Styles and Their Language Learning Strategies in Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Sulaiman Alnujaidi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Learning Styles ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
College Level ◽  
Language Learning Strategies ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Perceptual Learning Styles ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between EFL students&rsquo; Perceptual Learning Styles (PLS) and their Language Learning Strategies (LLS). A group of (155) college-level EFL students in Saudi Arabia was surveyed. Reid&rsquo;s learning styles model was employed to identify the participants&rsquo; PLS. Oxford&rsquo;s language learning strategies model was used to identify the participants&rsquo; LLS. The study&rsquo;s results showed that the most preferred learning styles among students were kinesthetic, auditory, and group PLS respectively. It was also found that the most frequently used language learning strategies among students were metacognitive, social, and cognitive LLS respectively. The study revealed a statistically significant relationship between participants&rsquo; perceptual learning styles and their language learning strategies.

scholarly journals Politicians and political parties’ use of social media in-between elections

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Graham ◽  
Julia Schwanholz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Relationship

Digital transformation changes the relationship between citizens and politics. The observation of this nexus is highly relevant for representative democracy. After the successful 2008 Obama campaign, a vast body of research that explores how and why politicians use social media has emerged. However, we still know very little about how social media are being adopted and used in-between elections, and still less yet about what this means for political representation. Therefore, this special issue brings together innovative research that focuses on how the use of social media is impacting upon the relationship between politicians and political parties, and citizens. First, we discuss some pros and cons of this transformation in the context of the relevant literature and, especially, in relation to Stephen Coleman’s concept of ‘direct representation’. Finally, we discuss the findings and merits of the contributions and what the issue adds to our understanding of the phenomenon to the state of research.

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