scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF PEPTIDE-CONTAINING ENDOCRINE CELLS AND NEURONS IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF  THE DOG: IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES USING ANTISERA TO SOMATOSTATIN, SUBSTANCE P, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL POLYPEPTIDE, MET-ENKEPHALIN, AND NEUROTENSIN

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKIRA TANGE
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

An immunocytochemical study of regulatory peptides in the amphibian gastrointestinal tract

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. J. Buchan
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Pancreatic Polypeptide ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide ◽  
Ambystoma Mexicanum ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Samples from the gastrointestinal tract of two urodele and eight anuran species were investigated by immunocytochemical methods for the presence of structures immunoreactive with a range of antisera raised to the mammalian regulatory peptides. The regulatory peptides involved were gastrin, cholecystokinin, motilin, secretin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, pancreatic glucagon, enteroglucagon, glicentin, neurotensin, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P, Met-enkephalin, bombesin, and β-endorphin. In the majority of the species investigated, immunoreactive epithelial endocrine cells were demonstrated with the antisera to somatostatin, gastrin, enteroglucagon, and neurotensin. Motilin-containing cells were observed in a single species, Ambystoma mexicanum. Of the peptides detected within the mammalian innervation, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P, Met-enkephalin, and β-endorphin immunoreactive nerve fibres were seen. The distribution of the immunoreactive nerves differed significantly with species. Bombesin immunoreactivity was not seen within the innervation, although a population of endocrine cells was detected within the corpus of several species. No immunoreactivity was observed with the antisera to secretin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, or pancreatic polypeptide in the species investigated.

Tachykinin-mediated increase in motility acts independently of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release in the canine ileum

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Watson ◽  
J. E. T. Fox-Threlkeld ◽  
E. E. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Neurokinin A ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Tachykinins induce motor activity in the canine ileum, and their mechanism of excitation may include inhibition of the release of a nonadrenergic, noncholinergic inhibitor, for which vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is a candidate. Both substance P and neurokinin A produced a dose-dependent increase in ileal contractility with no significant change in VIP output. The highly selective NK1 agonist [Sar9, Met(O2)11]substance P and the highly selective NK2 agonist [Nle10]neurokinin A (4–10) also increased motor activity in the absence of any change in VIP released. These data suggest that the tachykinins produce motor activity in the canine ileum via a mechanism that does not involve changes in VIP output but may involve excitation through both NK1 and NK2 receptors.Key words: vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, tachykinins, gastrointestinal tract, motility.

scholarly journals On the immunocytochemical localization of the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 936-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
L I Larsson ◽  
J M Polak ◽  
R Buffa ◽  
F Sundler ◽  
E Solcia
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Exact Localization ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

The distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) immunoreactive nerves and endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas of a number of mammalian and submammalian species has been examined in order to throw light on the exact localization of this peptide. Seven out of 8 VIP antisera demonstrated numerous nerve fibers in the gut, whereas one antiserum (TR2) revealed only scattered, few nerve fibers. The distribution of endocrine cells demonstrated by the different VIP antisera varied considerably. Thus, some antisera demonstrated only endocrine cells in the feline antrum, others only colonic endocrine cells and still others only endocrine cells of the upper gut and pancreas. The variability in staining pattern of endocrine cells as well as recent radioimmunological data makes it opportune to suggest that true VIP is a neuronal peptide and that endocrine cells store peptides resembling, but not being identical with, VIP (VIPoids).

scholarly journals Innervation of the pancreas by substance P, enkephalin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin/CCK immunoractive nerves.

1979 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1283-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
L I Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide ◽  
Pancreatic Blood Flow ◽  
Major Site ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Immunocytochemical Studies ◽  
Intestinal Polypeptide

Immunocytochemical studies habe shown that many peptides which profoundly affect the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas are localized to neurons. In the cat, such peptidergic nerves appear to innervate ganglia, islets and blood vessels of the pancreas, whereas their contributions to exocrine cells are minor. Our studies suggest that pancreatic ganglia represent one major site of action of the peptides and that, in addition, nerves containing the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin/CCK-related peptides profoundly affect pancreatic blood flow and insulin secretion, respectively.

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