BVPs with the nonlinearity depending on the fractional derivative

In this paper, we study the existence and the numerical estimates of the solutions for a set of fractional differential equations. The nonlinear part of the problem, however, presupposes certain hypotheses. Particularly, for the exact localization of the parameter, the existence of a non-zero solution is established, which requires the sublinearity of the nonlinear part at origin and infinity. The novelty of this paper is to use variational methods to obtain the multiplicity of solutions of boundary value problems with the nonlinearity depending on the fractional derivative.

A case of non-overgrowth of the Botall's duct

Recognition of congenital heart defects, in particular the determination of the exact localization of the lesion in them, is often associated with rather significant difficulties, and sometimes it is completely impossible.

Metodização da técnica triangular de rastreamento de curvaturas e perfurações radiculares

In the diagnosis and exact localization of root curvatures and perforations the "three-angled technique of radiographic tracing" is employed and consists in three periapical radiographs . The aim of this study was to veriry if with technique's methodization it is possible to reduce the number of radiographic exposures in these diagnoses. Eight-four exlrated teeth were pelforated and radiographed. Two of three radiographs were given to three observers and, later, the third radiograph was supplied. The results have shown that the diagnosis given with two radiographs does not differ statistically from that with three.

Severe hypersomnia after unilateral infarction in the pulvinar nucleus– a case report

Background Although a central role of the thalamus for sleep regulation is undisputed, the exact localization of the crucial structures within the thalamus remains controversial. Case presentation Here we report a 35 year old woman with no prior comorbidities who developed severe and persistent hypersomnia with long sleep time after a small right-sided MRI-verified thalamic stroke affecting the dorsal part of the pulvinar and the dorsolateral boarders of the dorsomedial nuclei. Conclusion The observed symptoms suggest a crucial role of posterior thalamus but not the midline parts of the thalamus in sleep-wake control.

The RoScan Thermal 3D Body Scanning System: Medical Applicability and Benefits for Unobtrusive Sensing and Objective Diagnosis

The RoScan is a novel, high-accuracy multispectral surface scanning system producing colored 3D models that include a thermal layer. (1) Background: at present, medicine still exhibits a lack of objective diagnostic methods. As many diseases involve thermal changes, thermography may appear to be a convenient technique for the given purpose; however, there are three limiting problems: exact localization, resolution vs. range, and impossibility of quantification. (2) Methods: the basic principles and benefits of the system are described. The procedures rely on a robotic manipulator with multiple sensors to create a multispectral 3D model. Importantly, the structure is robust, scene-independent, and features quantifiable measurement uncertainty; thus, all of the above problems of medical thermography are resolved. (3) Results: the benefits were demonstrated by several pilot case studies: medicament efficacy assessment in dermatology, objective recovery progress assessment in traumatology, applied force quantification in forensic sciences, exact localization of the cause of pain in physiotherapy, objective assessment of atopic dermatitis, and soft tissue volumetric measurements. (4) Conclusion: the RoScan addresses medical quantification, which embodies a frequent problem in several medical sectors, and can deliver new, objective information to improve the quality of healthcare and to eliminate false diagnoses.

Adult blood stem cell localization reflects the abundance of reported bone marrow niche cell types and their combinations

The exact localization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in their native bone marrow (BM) microenvironment remains controversial, because multiple cell types have been reported to physically associate with HSCs. In this study, we comprehensively quantified HSC localization with up to 4 simultaneous (9 total) BM components in 152 full-bone sections from different bone types and 3 HSC reporter lines. We found adult femoral α-catulin-GFP+ or Mds1GFP/+Flt3Cre HSCs proximal to sinusoids, Cxcl12 stroma, megakaryocytes, and different combinations of those populations, but not proximal to bone, adipocyte, periarteriolar, or Schwann cells. Despite microanatomical differences in femurs and sterna, their adult α-catulin-GFP+ HSCs had similar distributions. Importantly, their microenvironmental localizations were not different from those of random dots, reflecting the relative abundance of imaged BM populations rather than active enrichment. Despite their functional heterogeneity, dormant label-retaining (LR) and non-LR hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells both had indistinguishable localization from α-catulin-GFP+ HSCs. In contrast, cycling juvenile BM HSCs preferentially located close to Cxcl12 stroma and farther from sinusoids/megakaryocytes. We expect our study to help resolve existing confusion regarding the exact localization of different HSC types, their physical association with described BM populations, and their tissue-wide combinations.

Monoclonal antibodies RB139 and RB142 recognize citrullinated LL37 by immunofluorescence in histological sections in Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

LL37 is a natural antibiotic, but is also a molecule with pleiotropic functions as well as an immune-modulator. LL37 is produced by epithelial cells and is present in neutrophils’ granules. LL37 alone, or in complex with DNA, can activate inflammatory pathways in psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this work, we describe the capacity of two recombinant monoclonal antibodies, RB139 and RB142, previously shown to specifically recognize LL37 in its citrullinated form (cit-LL37) by ELISA, to detect LL37 by immunofluorescence in human inflamed tissues derived from SLE and RA patients. Such antibodies represent previously unavailable tools to detect the presence, the citrullinated state and the exact localization of cit-LL37 in human tissues in health and disease.

Musical Anhedonia

Some people, although they are perfectly healthy and happy, cannot enjoy music. These individuals have musical anhedonia, a condition which can be congenital or may occur after focal brain damage. To date, only a few cases of acquired musical anhedonia have been reported in the literature with lesions of the temporo-parietal cortex being particularly important. Even less literature exists on congenital musical anhedonia, in which impaired connectivity of temporal brain regions with the Nucleus accumbens is implicated. Nonetheless, there is no precise information on the prevalence, causes or exact localization of both congenital and acquired musical anhedonia. However, the frequent involvement of temporo-parietal brain regions in neurological disorders such as stroke suggest the possibility of a high prevalence of this disorder, which leads to a considerable reduction in the quality of life.