scholarly journals Impact of the United States-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) Free-Trade Agreement on the Automotive Sector in Mexico

Norteamérica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
María de Lourdes Álvarez Medina

The article aims to analyze the changes in the free trade agreement of the United States, Mexico, and Canada (USMCA) for the automotive industry, explaining the origin and impact on light vehicle production in Mexico. The new rules affect the drivers of location decisions for companies and positively influence the growth rate of the automotive industry in the region, but unevenly for the countries and companies involved. The regional content value of each automobile assembled in Mexico and sold in the United States in 2020 is analyzed to understand the dynamics of competition and protectionism. There is a strategy to increase automotive manufacturing in the region, especially in the United States. The agreement promotes import substitution, increasing the regionalization of the supply chain. German and Asian carmakers producing in Mexico will need more adjustments.   Keywords: Automotive Industry, USMCA, industry relocation, rules of origin, protectionism.  

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-775

On November 30, 2018, Canada, Mexico, and the United States signed an agreement renegotiating the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). By the spring of 2020, all three countries had approved this agreement—known in the United States as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)—through their respective domestic ratification processes. The USMCA entered into force on July 1, 2020, amid extended U.S.-Mexico and U.S.-Canada border restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. On August 6, 2020, President Trump imposed tariffs on Canadian aluminum—tariffs that his administration had previously put in place in 2018 but had removed in 2019 in order to smooth the USMCA's path to ratification.


2020 ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
Marcos Noé Maya Martínez

In Mexican agriculture there are branches and regions that have benefited from the trade liberalization and economic integration under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), but there are sectors, essentially those of basic grains that have been affected by liberalization, which exacerbates the country's food dependence. To understand the trends already in the framework of the United States, Mexico and Canada Agreement (USMCA) a projection (extrapolation) of the next 11 years will be made, based on the behavior already analyzed.


Author(s):  
Lesly Katherin Herrera Riveros ◽  
José Antonio Galindo Domínguez

ResumenLa pertinencia de la firma del Tratado de Libre Comercio de Colombia con Estados Unidos ha sido puesta en debate en diferentes momentos, al igual que la firma del TLCAN por parte de México. Con este ensayo se busca recapitular la trayectoria de las relaciones bilaterales de estos dos países con Estados Unidos, con el fin de mostrarlas desde una perspectiva analítica de largo plazo e identificar los puntos clave de los acercamientos, sus implicaciones y posibles similitudes o diferencias. Se cierra con una breve introducción a los acuerdos firmados en el proceso de apertura económica de cada país y sus principales consecuencias.Palabras claves: Dependencia económica y política, política exterior colombiana, Estados Unidos, México.**********************************************************************Trajectories of the bilateral relations of Colombia and Mexico with the United StatesAbstractThe pertinence of the signature of the Free Trade Agreement between Colombia and the United States has been questioned at different times, as well as the signature of the North American Free Trade Agreement by Mexico. This essay aims at a reconstruction of the trajectory of the bilateral relations of Colombia and Mexico with the United States, in order to expose them from a long-term analytical perspective, and identify the key points of the approaches, their implications and possible similarities or differences. The essay concludes with a brief introduction of the signed agreements in the process of economic openness of each country and its main consequences.Key words: Political and economic dependency, colombian exterior policy, United States, Mexico.**********************************************************************Trajetórias das relações bilaterais entre a Colômbia e o México com os Estados UnidosResumo:A pertinência do Tratado de Libre Comércio entre a Colômbia e os Estados Unidos, tem sido debatida em distintos momentos, mesmo como o TLCAN por parte do México. Este ensaio visa conferir a trajetória das relações bilaterais entre estes países e os Estados Unidos e identifica pontos chave, implicações e possíveis semelhanças e diferenças entre eles. Mostra-se o conteúdo geral dos acordos nos processos de apertura económica de cada país, mesmo como suas consequências.Palavras chave: Dependência económica e política, política exterior colombiana, Estados Unidos, México.


1990 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 394-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Raby

This is a good deal, a good deal for Canada and a deal that is good for all Canadians. It is also a fair deal, which means that it brings benefits and progress to our partner, the United States of America. When both countries prosper, our democracies are strengthened and leadership has been provided to our trading partners around the world. I think this initiative represents enlightened leadership to the trading partners about what can be accomplished when we determine that we are going to strike down protectionism, move toward liberalized trade, and generate new prosperity for all our people.On January 2, 1988, President Ronald Reagan of the United States and Prime Minister Brian Mulroney of Canada signed the landmark comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the two countries that already enjoyed the largest bilateral trade relationship in the world. The FTA was subsequently ratified by the legislatures of both countries, if only after a bitterly fought election on the subject in Canada. On January 1, 1989, the FTA formally came into effect.


2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Salem

Has the time come for a free-trade agreement (FTA) between Egypt and the United States? According to the contributors to Building Bridges, an FTA is the logical next step in the Egypt–U.S. relationship. This policy-oriented volume explores the conditions under which the benefits of an FTA between the parties would be maximized. Although the contributors reach different conclusions regarding the optimal form of the Egypt–U.S. FTA, consensus is reached on one point: an FTA between Egypt and the United States will produce economic benefits for both nations.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denielle M. Perry ◽  
Kate A. Berry

At the turn of the 21st century, protectionist policies in Latin America were largely abandoned for an agenda that promoted free trade and regional integration. Central America especially experienced an increase in international, interstate, and intraregional economic integration through trade liberalization. In 2004, such integration was on the agenda of every Central American administration, the U.S. Congress, and Mexico. The Plan Puebla-Panama (PPP) and the Central America Integrated Electricity System (SIEPAC), in particular, aimed to facilitate the success of free trade by increasing energy production and transmission on a unifi ed regional power grid (Mesoamerica, 2011). Meanwhile, for the United States, a free trade agreement (FTA) with Central America would bring it a step closer to realizing a hemispheric trade bloc while securing market access for its products. Isthmus states considered the potential for a Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) with the United States, their largest trading partner, as an opportunity to enter the global market on a united front. A decade and a half on, CAFTA, PPP, and SIEPAC are interwoven, complimentary initiatives that exemplify a shift towards increased free trade and development throughout the region. As such, to understand one, the other must be examined.


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