scholarly journals Baltasar Gracián: verdad y retruécano

1999 ◽  
pp. 171-180
Author(s):  
Ana María Martínez de la Escalera
Keyword(s):  
Western Thought ◽  
Baltasar Gracian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academic Philosophy

This work deals with the conflictive interaction between Philosophy and Rhetoric throughout the history of Western thought. It identifies and explains three moments of interpretation which are called “interpretative crisis” (Gorgias’ epoque, Dante’s epoque and Baroque spanish critique). It certainly aims to criticize the somewhat secondary status of Rhetoric, considered by academic philosophy as an “ornamental” discipline. Lastly, it tends to prove than most concepts and forms of argumentative thought have an originally rhetoric background.

On Purpose

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ruse
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Design ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Thought ◽  
The Way

Can we live without the idea of purpose? Should we even try to? Kant thought we were stuck with it, and even Darwin, who profoundly shook the idea, was unable to kill it. Indeed, purpose seems to be making a comeback today, as both religious advocates of intelligent design and some prominent secular philosophers argue that any explanation of life without the idea of purpose is missing something essential. This book explores the history of purpose in philosophical, religious, scientific, and historical thought, from ancient Greece to the present. The book traces how Platonic, Aristotelian, and Kantian ideas of purpose continue to shape Western thought. Along the way, it also takes up tough questions about the purpose of life—and whether it's possible to have meaning without purpose.

The 心 of the Foreign

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-204
Author(s):  
Douglas Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Chinese Thought ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
History Of

This paper tracks the influence wielded by ancient Chinese thought on not only the German Romantics but on dissident Western thought coming out of Renaissance esotericism into the “dark side” of the Enlightenment (the so-called “Endarkenment”), with the idea that tracing that history of intercivilizational influence may help us identify some strands of German Romantic theories of translation that have hitherto been overlooked, and to bring a better adapted analytical framework to bear on those theories.

Peace, Friendship, and “The Educated Man’s Sister” in Woolf’s Pacifist Writing

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Kate Haffey
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Writings

This chapter explores the connection between Woolf’s notions of friendship and her critical writings about peace and pacifism. For Woolf, friendship not only constitutes a personal intimate relationship with another person, but it also represents a force that stands in opposition to oppressive impersonal concepts like nationalism, imperialism, and militarism—and is thus deeply intertwined with her particular brand of pacifism. In order to make this argument, the chapter employs Derrida’s The Politics of Friendship and explores the place of the sister in his text. Though Derrida traces the relationship between the friend and the brother throughout the history of western thought concerning friendship, he often stops to ask about the absence of the sister. His book ultimately shows that this figure of the “friend in the feminine” could be the key to thinking politics “beyond the principle of fraternity.”

Literature, Japanese philosophy in modern

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Anderer
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Literature ◽  
The Self ◽  
Confucian Ethics ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Literary Aesthetics ◽  
Modern Japanese Literature ◽  
Buddhist Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academic Philosophy ◽  
And Function

Since the last quarter of the nineteenth century, virtually all major lines of Western thought and the works of both major and minor Western philosophers have been explored and used by Japanese writers in an effort to forge a modern Japanese literature. The history of translation alone reveals a concern to bring over synoptic summaries of Western philosophy, as well as the primary works of specific thinkers. Academic philosophy as a discipline of advanced study was established in the 1880s, the decade which corresponds to the beginnings of widespread literary reform and the often-cited creation of the first modern Japanese novel, Futabatei’s Ukigumo (Floating Cloud) in 1889. However, Japanese novelists, dramatists, poets and critics did not assimilate philosophical influences naïvely or passively, nor was Japanese literature made over in the shape of specific Western ideas regarding the nature and function of the self, society or literary aesthetics. Indeed, the avid translation and discussion of Western ideas frequently provoked a nativist reaction or modification. The revival of traditional tropes, the language of Confucian ethics, Buddhist practice and Shintō legends), itself often reflects the pervasive presence of Western ideas on the modern literary scene.

Brief aus der Schweiz

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-299
Author(s):  
Markus Wild
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Recent History ◽  
World War ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academic Philosophy ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The University

Abstract This letter focuses on both the recent history of academic philosophy in Switzerland and its present status. Historically, institutional self-consciousness of philosophy came to life during World War II as a reaction to the isolation of international academic life in Switzerland; moreover, the divide between philosophy in the French part and the German part of the country had to be bridged. One important instrument to achieve this end was the creation of the “Schweizerische Philosophische Gesellschaft” and its “Jahrbuch” (today: “Studia philosophica”) in 1940. At the same time the creation of the journal “Dialectica” (1947), the influence of Joseph Maria Bochensky at the University of Fribourg and Henri Lauener at the University of Berne prepared the ground for the flourishing of analytic philosophy in Switzerland. Today analytic philosophy has established a very successful academic enterprise in Switzerland without suppressing other philosophical traditions. Despite the fact that academic philosophy is somewhat present in the public, there is much more potential for actual philosophical research to enter into public consciousness. The outline sketched in this letter is, of course, a limited account of the recent history and present state of philosophy in Switzerland. There is only very little research on this topic.

Beyond Neoliberalism

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-161
Author(s):  
Christina Ergas
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
World View ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Social Inequity ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fierce Competition

Chapter 4 explains the cultural stories and values that bolster the neoliberal paradigm, one that shapes exploitative socioecological relationships. It argues that ideas have consequences and details the history of Western thought—such as Descartes’ hierarchical dualisms and social sciences’ profound misunderstanding of Darwin’s theory of evolution—that brought extreme individualization, inequality, and fierce competition. These stories and values promote ideas that humans have moral dominion over nature and man has dominion over woman. This world view justifies social inequity as well as humans’ exploitation of other species and the environment. These codified stories and values perpetuate humans’ acts of harm against others and the planet. The chapter further discusses how and why economic context matters in shaping paths of resistance and co-opting alternative and green technologies. It explains the need to scale up socioecological values first in order to cultivate the underlying framework for a new environmental economic paradigm.

The History of Western Thought

Nature ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 184 (4702) ◽  
pp. 1829-1830
Author(s):  
GERD BUCHDAHL
Keyword(s):  
Western Thought ◽  
History Of

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Marmodoro ◽  
Irini-Fotini Viltanioti
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
The One

This volume explores how some of the most prominent philosophers and theologians of late antiquity conceptualize the idea that the divine is powerful. The period under consideration spans roughly four centuries (from the first to the fifth CE), which are of particular interest because they ‘witness’ the successive development and mutual influence of two major strands in the history of Western thought: Neoplatonism on the one hand, and early Christian thought on the other. Representatives of Neoplatonism considered in this volume are Plotinus (...

The Nature of Human Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
Tuğba Sevinç ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
History Of

In this work I present some of Arendt’s criticisms of Marx and assess whether these criticisms are fair. I claim that Arendt reads Marx erroneously, which results in her failure to grasp certain similarities between Marx and herself, at least on some points. It is important to mention that Arendt’s interest in Marx is part of a wider project she pursues. She believes that Marx’s theory might allow us to establish a link between Bolshevism and the history of Western thought. Marx’s notion of history and progress enables Arendt to support her claim that Marx’s theory involves totalitarian elements. By way of correcting Arendt’s misreading of Marx, my purpose has been to get a better understanding of the theories of Marx and Arendt, as well as to see their incompatible views regarding the nature of human activity and of freedom. Arendt charges Marx of ignoring the most central human activity, that is ‘action’; and of denying human beings a genuine political existence and freedom. Furthermore, according to Arendt, Marx conceives labor as human being’s highest activity and ignores the significance of other two activities, namely work and action. In the last analysis, Marx and Arendt prioritizes distinct human activities as the most central (labor and action, respectively) to human beings; and as a result, they provide us two irreconcilable views of politics, history and freedom.

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