scholarly journals Simulating Self Driving Car Using Deep Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 738-743
Author(s):  
Kalyani A. Sonwane
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Associate Degree ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Image Process ◽  
Augmentation Techniques ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Mode 3 ◽  
Self Driving Cars

Self-driving cars became a trending subject with a big improvement in technologies within the last decade. The project aims to coach a neural network to drive associate degree autonomous automobile agent on Udacity’s automobile Simulator's tracks. Udacity has discharged the machine as ASCII text file computer code and enthusiasts have hosted a contest (challenge) to show an automobile the way to drive victimisation solely camera pictures and deep learning. Autonomously driving an automobile needs learning to regulate steering angle, throttle and brakes. The activity biological research technique is employed to mimic human driving behaviour within the coaching model on the track. which means a dataset is generated within the machine by a user-driven automobile in coaching mode, and therefore the deep neural network model then drives the automobile in autonomous mode. 3 architectures area unit compared regarding their performance. Though the models performed well for the track it had been trained with, the important challenge was to generalize this behaviour on a second track out there on the machine. The dataset for Track_1, that was straightforward with favourable road conditions to drive, was used because the coaching set to drive the automobile autonomously on Track_2, consisting of sharp turns, barriers, elevations, and shadows. Image process and completely different augmentation techniques were accustomed tackle this downside, that allowed extracting the maximum amount data and options within the knowledge as doable. Ultimately, the automobile was ready to run on Track_2 generalizing well. The project aims at reaching an equivalent accuracy on period of time knowledge within the future.

scholarly journals RPITER: A Hierarchical Deep Learning Framework for ncRNA–Protein Interaction Prediction

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Peng ◽  
Siyu Han ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Protein Interaction ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Coding Method

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play crucial roles in multiple fundamental biological processes, such as post-transcriptional gene regulation, and are implicated in many complex human diseases. Mostly ncRNAs function by interacting with corresponding RNA-binding proteins. The research on ncRNA–protein interaction is the key to understanding the function of ncRNA. However, the biological experiment techniques for identifying RNA–protein interactions (RPIs) are currently still expensive and time-consuming. Due to the complex molecular mechanism of ncRNA–protein interaction and the lack of conservation for ncRNA, especially for long ncRNA (lncRNA), the prediction of ncRNA–protein interaction is still a challenge. Deep learning-based models have become the state-of-the-art in a range of biological sequence analysis problems due to their strong power of feature learning. In this study, we proposed a hierarchical deep learning framework RPITER to predict RNA–protein interaction. For sequence coding, we improved the conjoint triad feature (CTF) coding method by complementing more primary sequence information and adding sequence structure information. For model design, RPITER employed two basic neural network architectures of convolution neural network (CNN) and stacked auto-encoder (SAE). Comprehensive experiments were performed on five benchmark datasets from PDB and NPInter databases to analyze and compare the performances of different sequence coding methods and prediction models. We found that CNN and SAE deep learning architectures have powerful fitting abilities for the k-mer features of RNA and protein sequence. The improved CTF coding method showed performance gain compared with the original CTF method. Moreover, our designed RPITER performed well in predicting RNA–protein interaction (RPI) and could outperform most of the previous methods. On five widely used RPI datasets, RPI369, RPI488, RPI1807, RPI2241 and NPInter, RPITER obtained A U C of 0.821, 0.911, 0.990, 0.957 and 0.985, respectively. The proposed RPITER could be a complementary method for predicting RPI and constructing RPI network, which would help push forward the related biological research on ncRNAs and lncRNAs.

scholarly journals HetEnc: A Deep Learning Predictive Model for Multi-type Biological Dataset

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leihong Wu ◽  
Xiangwen Liu ◽  
Joshua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network

Abstract Background: Researchers today are generating unprecedented amounts of biological data. One trend in current biological research is integrated analysis with multi-platform data. Effective integration of multi-platform data into the solution of a single or multi-task classification problem; however, is critical and challenging. In this study, we proposed HetEnc, a novel deep learning-based approach, for information domain separation. Results: HetEnc includes both an unsupervised feature representation module and a supervised neural network module to handle multi-platform gene expression datasets. It first constructs three different encoding networks to represent the original gene expression data using high-level abstracted features. A six-layer fully-connected feed-forward neural network is then trained using these abstracted features for each targeted endpoint. We applied HetEnc to the SEQC neuroblastoma dataset to demonstrate that it outperforms other machine learning approaches. Although we used multi-platform data in feature abstraction and model training, HetEnc does not need multi-platform data for prediction, enabling a broader application of the trained model by reducing the cost of gene expression profiling for new samples to a single platform. Thus, HetEnc provides a new solution to integrated gene expression analysis, accelerating modern biological research.

scholarly journals HetEnc: A Deep Learning Predictive Model for Multi-type Biological Dataset

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leihong Wu ◽  
Xiangwen Liu ◽  
Joshua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network

Abstract Background: Researchers today are generating unprecedented amounts of biological data. One trend in current biological research is integrated analysis with multi-platform data. Effective integration of multi-platform data into the solution of a single or multi-task classification problem; however, is critical and challenging. In this study, we proposed HetEnc, a novel deep learning-based approach, for information domain separation. Results: HetEnc includes both an unsupervised feature representation module and a supervised neural network module to handle multi-platform gene expression datasets. It first constructs three different encoding networks to represent the original gene expression data using high-level abstracted features. A six-layer fully-connected feed-forward neural network is then trained using these abstracted features for each targeted endpoint. We applied HetEnc to the SEQC neuroblastoma dataset to demonstrate that it outperforms other machine learning approaches. Although we used multi-platform data in feature abstraction and model training, HetEnc does not need multi-platform data for prediction, enabling a broader application of the trained model by reducing the cost of gene expression profiling for new samples to a single platform. Thus, HetEnc provides a new solution to integrated gene expression analysis, accelerating modern biological research.

scholarly journals Convolutional Neural Network for Skin Lesion Classification: Understanding the Fundamentals Through Hands-On Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Cullell-Dalmau ◽  
Sergio Noé ◽  
Marta Otero-Viñas ◽  
Ivan Meić ◽  
Carlo Manzo
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Hands On Learning ◽  
Technological Barriers ◽  
Classification Of Images

Deep learning architectures for the classification of images have shown outstanding results in a variety of disciplines, including dermatology. The expectations generated by deep learning for, e.g., image-based diagnosis have created the need for non-experts to become familiar with the working principles of these algorithms. In our opinion, getting hands-on experience with these tools through a simplified but accurate model can facilitate their understanding in an intuitive way. The visualization of the results of the operations performed by deep learning algorithms on dermatological images can help students to grasp concepts like convolution, even without an advanced mathematical background. In addition, the possibility to tune hyperparameters and even to tweak computer code further empower the reach of an intuitive comprehension of these processes, without requiring advanced computational and theoretical skills. This is nowadays possible thanks to recent advances that have helped to lower technical and technological barriers associated with the use of these tools, making them accessible to a broader community. Therefore, we propose a hands-on pedagogical activity that dissects the procedures to train a convolutional neural network on a dataset containing images of skin lesions associated with different skin cancer categories. The activity is available open-source and its execution does not require the installation of software. We further provide a step-by-step description of the algorithm and of its functions, following the development of the building blocks of the computer code, guiding the reader through the execution of a realistic example, including the visualization and the evaluation of the results.

scholarly journals Formal Analysis of Deep Binarized Neural Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Narodytska
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Boolean Formula ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Magical Power

Understanding properties of deep neural networks is an important challenge in deep learning. Deep learning networks are among the most successful artificial intelligence technologies that is making impact in a variety of practical applications. However, many concerns were raised about `magical' power of these networks. It is disturbing that we are really lacking of understanding of the decision making process behind this technology. Therefore, a natural question is whether we can trust decisions that neural networks make. One way to address this issue is to define properties that we want a neural network to satisfy. Verifying whether a neural network fulfills these properties sheds light on the properties of the function that it represents. In this work, we take the verification approach. Our goal is to design a framework for analysis of properties of neural networks. We start by defining a set of interesting properties to analyze. Then we focus on Binarized Neural Networks that can be represented and analyzed using well-developed means of Boolean Satisfiability and Integer Linear Programming. One of our main results is an exact representation of a binarized neural network as a Boolean formula. We also discuss how we can take advantage of the structure of neural networks in the search procedure.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Detection using Deep Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 421-425
Author(s):  
Vandit Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Processing Data ◽  
Neural Learning ◽  
Radio Imaging ◽  
Augmentation Techniques ◽  
Self Driving Cars

Deep learning is an artificial intelligence function that imitates the workings of the human brain in processing data and creating patterns for use in decision making. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning in artificial intelligence (AI) that has networks capable of learning and recognizing patterns from data that is unstructured or unlabelled. It is also known as deep neural learning or deep neural network. Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets or CNNs) are a category of Neural Networks that have proven very effective in areas such as image recognition and classification. ConvNets have been successful in identifying faces, objects and traffic signs apart from powering vision in robots and self-driving cars. ConvNets can also be used for Radio Imaging which helps in disease detection. This paper helps in detecting COVID-19 from the X-ray images provided to the model using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and image augmentation techniques.

scholarly journals Prediction of Human Activities Based on a New Structure of Skeleton Features and Deep Learning Model

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4944
Author(s):  
Neziha Jaouedi ◽  
Francisco J. Perales ◽  
José Maria Buades ◽  
Noureddine Boujnah ◽  
Med Salim Bouhlel
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Video Processing ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Assistive Robotics ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Medication Consumption ◽  
Important Challenge

The recognition of human activities is usually considered to be a simple procedure. Problems occur in complex scenes involving high speeds. Activity prediction using Artificial Intelligence (AI) by numerical analysis has attracted the attention of several researchers. Human activities are an important challenge in various fields. There are many great applications in this area, including smart homes, assistive robotics, human–computer interactions, and improvements in protection in several areas such as security, transport, education, and medicine through the control of falling or aiding in medication consumption for elderly people. The advanced enhancement and success of deep learning techniques in various computer vision applications encourage the use of these methods in video processing. The human presentation is an important challenge in the analysis of human behavior through activity. A person in a video sequence can be described by their motion, skeleton, and/or spatial characteristics. In this paper, we present a novel approach to human activity recognition from videos using the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for activity classification and the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with a new structure of the human skeleton to carry out feature presentation. The aims of this work are to improve the human presentation through the collection of different features and the exploitation of the new RNN structure for activities. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated by the RGB-D sensor dataset CAD-60. The experimental results show the performance of the proposed approach through the average error rate obtained (4.5%).

scholarly journals Differentiate Containers Scheduling for Deep Learning Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Song
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Quality Of Experience ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Fingerprint Recognition ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Cloud Resource ◽  
Self Driving Cars

The advent of deep learning has completely reshaped our world. Now, our daily life is fulfilled with many well-known applications that adopt deep learning techniques, such as self-driving cars and face recognition. Furthermore, robotics developed more forms of technology which share the same principle with face recognition, such as hand pose recognition and fingerprint recognition. Image recognition technology requires a huge database and various learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural network and recurrent neural network, that requires lots of computational power, such as CPUs and GPUs. Thus, clients could not be satisfied with the computational resource of the local machine. The cloud resource platform emerged at a historic moment. Docker containers play a significant role of microservices-based applications in the next generation. However, it could not guarantee the quality of service. From clients’ perspective, they have to balance the budget and quality of experiences (e.g. response time). The budget leans on individual business owners and the required Quality of Experience (QoE) depends on usage scenarios of different applications, for instance, an autonomous vehicle requires real-time response, but, unlocking your smartphone can tolerate delays. Plenty of on-going projects developed user-oriented optimization resource allocation to improve the quality of the service. Considering the users’ specifications, including accelerating the training process and specifying the quality of experience, this thesis proposes two differentiate containers scheduling for deep learning applications: TRADL and DQoES .

scholarly journals HetEnc: A Deep Learning Predictive Model for Multi-type Biological Dataset

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leihong Wu ◽  
Xiangwen Liu ◽  
Joshua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network

Abstract Background: Researchers today are generating unprecedented amounts of biological data. One trend in current biological research is integrated analysis with multi-platform data. Effective integration of multi-platform data into the solution of a single or multi-task classification problem; however, is critical and challenging. In this study, we proposed HetEnc, a novel deep learning-based approach, for information domain separation. Results: HetEnc includes both an unsupervised feature representation module and a supervised neural network module to handle multi-platform gene expression datasets. It first constructs three different encoding networks to represent the original gene expression data using high-level abstracted features. A six-layer fully-connected feed-forward neural network is then trained using these abstracted features for each targeted endpoint. We applied HetEnc to the SEQC neuroblastoma dataset to demonstrate that it outperforms other machine learning approaches. Although we used multi-platform data in feature abstraction and model training, HetEnc does not need multi-platform data for prediction, enabling a broader application of the trained model by reducing the cost of gene expression profiling for new samples to a single platform. Thus, HetEnc provides a new solution to integrated gene expression analysis, accelerating modern biological research.

scholarly journals HetEnc: A Deep Learning Predictive Model for Multi-type Biological Dataset

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leihong Wu ◽  
Xiangwen Liu ◽  
Joshua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Feature Representation ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network

Abstract Motivation Researchers today are generating unprecedented amounts of biological data. One trend in current biological research is integrated analysis with multi-platform data. Effective integration of multi-platform data into the solution of a single or multi-task classification problem; however, is critical and challenging. In this study, we proposed HetEnc, a novel deep learning-based approach, for information domain separation. Results HetEnc includes both an unsupervised feature representation module and a supervised neural network module to handle multi-platform gene expression datasets. It first constructs three different encoding networks to represent the original gene expression data using high-level abstracted features. A six-layer fully-connected feed-forward neural network is then trained using these abstracted features for each targeted endpoint. We applied HetEnc to the SEQC neuroblastoma dataset to demonstrate that it outperforms other machine learning approaches. Although we used multi-platform data in feature abstraction and model training, HetEnc does not need multi-platform data for prediction, enabling a broader application of the trained model by reducing the cost of gene expression profiling for new samples to a single platform. Thus, HetEnc provides a new solution to integrated gene expression analysis, accelerating modern biological research. Availability and Implementation The source code for HetEnc is available at: https://github.com/seldas/HetEnc_Code.

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