scholarly journals Criterio de Laplace: Premisa fundamental en inducción estadística

Tendencias ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Emilio José Chaves

Se discute el Criterio o Regla de Laplace y fundamenta su uso para construir la curva de Lorenz, CL, a partir de series de datos. Presenta ejemplos y gráficos de modelos de ajuste de la CL y de la FDA inferidas; comenta los límites del modelo. El método separa la media real, U, de la función de distribución adimensional (en medias), de modo que FDA(real) = U(real)*FDA(en medias). Busca fundamentar la inferencia estadística univariable de datos positivos a partir del criterio de Laplace, matemáticas clásicas y lógica de conjuntos.Este método no-paramétrico supone frecuencias 1/N idénticas para los N datos, sin usar funciones de distribución a-priori. Dada su sencillez, propone su empleo en educación estadística y su aplicación en investigación, como elemento teórico previo al manejo del análisis ultivariable.ABSTRACTIt discusses the rule or Laplace Criterion and fundaments its use to build the Lorenz Curve, LC, from datasets. It presents samples and graphs of inferred fitting models of LC and CDF; it comments the limits of the model. Method separates real media U, from adimentional CDF to work it as CDF(real)=U(real)*CDF(in medias). The purpose is to give fundamentals to univariate statistical inference of positive datases using Laplace Criterion, standard mathematics and Boolean sets theory. This nonparametric method assumes identical 1/N frequencies for N data without using a-priori distribution functions. Given its simplicity, it is proposed to apply it in statistical education and research as a theoretical element, prior to the handling of multivariate analysis.

Author(s):  
Loek Groot

In this study it is demonstrated that standard income inequality measures, such as the Lorenz curve and the Gini index, can successfully be applied to the distribution of Olympic success. Olympic success is distributed very unevenly, with the rich countries capturing a disproportionately higher share compared to their world population share, which suggests that the Olympic Games do not provide a level playing field. The actual distribution of Olympic success is compared with alternative hypothetical distributions, among which are chosen the distribution according to population shares, the welfare optimal distribution under the assumption of zero government expenditures, and the non-cooperating Nash-Cournot distribution. By way of conclusion, a device is proposed to make the distribution of Olympic success more equitable.


2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Wilkie

The effect of electrostatic microturbulence on fast particles rapidly decreases at high energy, but can be significant at moderate energy. Previous studies found that, in addition to changes in the energetic particle density, this results in non-trivial changes to the equilibrium velocity distribution. These effects have implications for plasma heating and the stability of Alfvén eigenmodes, but make multiscale simulations much more difficult without further approximations. Here, several related analytic model distribution functions are derived from first principles. A single dimensionless parameter characterizes the relative strength of turbulence relative to collisions, and this parameter appears as an exponent in the model distribution functions. Even the most simple of these models reproduces key features of the numerical phase-space transport solution and provides a useful a priori heuristic for determining how strong the effect of turbulence is on the redistribution of energetic particles in toroidal plasmas.


Econometrica ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manash Ranjan Gupta

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1896-1926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke A. Prendergast ◽  
Robert G. Staudte

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Mockus ◽  
Irina Vinogradova

Many real applications are using uncertain data This include expert decisions based on their subjective opinions, The uncertainty can be evaluated applying fuzzy sets theory or the methods of mathematical statistics. In this paper it is proposed to use the Bayesian approach by different distribution functions defining the expert opinion and some prior information. The results are illustrated evaluating the quality of distant education courses.


Econometrica ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Gastwirth ◽  
Marcia Glauberman

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document