Biological activities of the essential oils of Cupressus macrocarpa, Lantana camara and Psidium littorale against Plasmodium falciparum welch, 1897 and Anopheles gambiae giles, 1902

Abstract Objective In the framework of EVALMOUS study aiming to assess the use and effectiveness of mosquito nets by pregnant women and other members of their household in a lagoon area in southern Benin, the behaviour of pregnant women relative to the time they go to bed using the net were recorded. Malaria vectors biting rhythm, Plasmodium falciparum infection and insecticide resistance genes in malaria vectors were also determined. Results Overall, 3848 females of Anopheles gambiae s. l were collected and 280 pregnant women responded to the survey. Almost all Anopheles gambiae s. l. tested were Anopheles coluzzi Coetzee and Wilkerson 2013 (Diptera: Culicidae). The CSP index in malaria vector was 1.85% and the allelic frequency of kdr gene was 74.4%. Around 90% of bites and Plasmodium falciparum Welch, 1897 (Haemosporida: Plasmodiidae) transmission occurred between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m., which coincides with the period when more than 80% of pregnant women were under bednet. Despite a slight early evening and early morning biting activity of malaria vectors in the study area, the good use of nets might remain a useful protection tool against mosquito biting and malaria transmission.

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Plasmodium falciparum (Haemosporodia: Plasmodiidae) and O’nyong-nyong Virus Development in a Transgenic Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) Strain

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjz032 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 936-941 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John D Mumford ◽

Carole A Long ◽

Scott C Weaver ◽

Katzutoyo Miura ◽

Eryu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Anopheles Gambiae ◽

Genetic Background ◽

Homing Endonuclease ◽

Virus Titer ◽

Consistent Difference ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Infectious Dose ◽

Anopheles Gambiae Giles ◽

Transgenic Mosquitoes

Abstract Transgenic Anopheles gambiae Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes have been developed that confer sexual sterility on males that carry a transgene encoding a protein which cuts ribosomal DNA. A relevant risk concern with transgenic mosquitoes is that their capacity to transmit known pathogens could be greater than the unmodified form. In this study, the ability to develop two human pathogens in these transgenic mosquitoes carrying a homing endonuclease which is expressed in the testes was compared with its nontransgenic siblings. Infections were performed with Plasmodium falciparum (Welch) and o’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV) and the results between the transgenic and nontransgenic sibling females were compared. There was no difference observed with ONNV isolate SG650 in intrathoracic infections or the 50% oral infectious dose measured at 14 d postinfection or in mean body titers. Some significant differences were observed for leg titers at the medium and highest doses for those individuals in which virus titer could be detected. No consistent difference was observed between the transgenic and nontransgenic comparator females in their ability to develop P. falciparum NF54 strain parasites. This particular transgene caused no significant effect in the ability of mosquitoes to become infected by these two pathogens in this genetic background. These results are discussed in the context of risk to human health if these transgenic individuals were present in the environment.

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Larvicidal activity of essential oils from spices sold at Kariakoo market in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, against Anopheles gambiae Giles ss and Culex quinquefasciatus Say

Spatula DD ◽

10.5455/spatula.20160613034220 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Deborah Runyoro ◽

Olipa Ngassapa ◽

Ester Innocent ◽

Raphael Sangeda ◽

Thomas Lukuba

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Anopheles Gambiae ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

Anopheles Gambiae Giles

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Composition, Seasonal Variation, and Biological Activities of Lantana camara Essential Oils from Côte d’Ivoire

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25102400 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 2400 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fatimata Nea ◽

Didjour Albert Kambiré ◽

Manon Genva ◽

Evelyne Amenan Tanoh ◽

Esse Leon Wognin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Lantana Camara ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Insecticidal Activities

This work aims to study the variations in the composition of Lantana camara leaf, flower, and stem essential oils over two years. L. camara organs were harvested in Bregbo (East Côte d’Ivoire) each month from June 2015 to June 2017. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS and 13C NMR. Eighty-four compounds accounting for 84.4–99.1% of the essential oils have been identified. The essential oils hydrodistillated from L. camara are dominated by sesquiterpenes such as (E)-β-caryophyllene and α-humulene, which were found in all samples. Some monoterpenes such as thymol, sabinene, and α-pinene were also present. Statistical analysis (principal component analysis and clustering) revealed a high variability in essential oil composition between the different organs and also within the studied periods, as the thymol proportion was higher during flowering and fruiting months. In addition, the stem, flower, and fruit essential oils were more concentrated in thymol than the leaf essential oils. The proportions of (E)-β-caryophyllene and α-humulene were strictly inverted with the thymol proportion throughout the harvest period or vegetative cycle. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities of leaves and flowers essential oils were also studied. Results showed that L. camara leaf and flower essential oils displayed high antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities.

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