scholarly journals Rapid diagnostic tests correlates with microscopy but not C-reactive protein among HIV positive rural population with malaria in Central Uganda (Research note)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
B. Silhar ◽  
J. Suvada ◽  
G. Mikolasova ◽  
A. Mamova ◽  
M. Belovicova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

scholarly journals Economic considerations support C-reactive protein testing alongside malaria rapid diagnostic tests to guide antimicrobial therapy for patients with febrile illness in settings with low malaria endemicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoel Lubell ◽  
Arjun Chandna ◽  
Frank Smithuis ◽  
Lisa White ◽  
Heiman F. L. Wertheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

AbstractMalaria is no longer a common cause of febrile illness in many regions of the tropics. In part, this success is a result of improved access to accurate diagnosis and effective anti-malarial treatment, including in many hard-to-reach rural areas. However, in these settings, management of other causes of febrile illness remains challenging. Health systems are often weak and other than malaria rapid tests no other diagnostics are available. With millions of deaths occurring annually due to treatable bacterial infections and the ever increasing spread of antimicrobial resistance, improvement in the management of febrile illness is a global public health priority. Whilst numerous promising point-of-care diagnostics are in the pipeline, substantial progress can be made in the interim with existing tools: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a highly sensitive and moderately specific biomarker of bacterial infection and has been in clinical use for these purposes for decades, with dozens of low-cost devices commercially available. This paper takes a health-economics approach to consider the possible advantages of CRP point-of-care tests alongside rapid diagnostic tests for malaria, potentially in a single multiplex device, to guide antimicrobial therapy for patients with febrile illness. Three rudimentary assessments of the costs and benefits of this approach all indicate that this is likely to be cost-effective when considering the incremental costs of the CRP tests as compared with either (i) the improved health outcomes for patients with bacterial illnesses; (ii) the costs of antimicrobial resistance averted; or (iii) the economic benefits of better management of remaining malaria cases and shorter malaria elimination campaigns in areas of low transmission. While CRP-guided antibiotic therapy alone cannot resolve all challenges associated with management of febrile illness in remote tropical settings, in the short-term a multiplexed CRP and malaria RDT could be highly cost-effective and utilize the well-established funding and distribution systems already in place for malaria RDTs. These findings should spark further interest amongst industry, academics and policy-makers in the development and deployment of such diagnostics, and discussion on their geographically appropriate use.

scholarly journals The influence of sugar–protein complexes on the thermostability of C-reactive protein (CRP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Lorena Mateescu ◽  
Nicolae-Bogdan Mincu ◽  
Silvana Vasilca ◽  
Roxana Apetrei ◽  
Diana Stan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Time Resolved Fluorescence ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
In Vitro Diagnostic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Positive Controls

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to evaluate de influence of protein–sugar complexation on the stability and functionality of C-reactive protein, after exposure to constant high temperatures, in order to develop highly stable positive controls for in-vitro diagnostic tests. C-reactive protein is a plasmatic protein used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of a series of health problems such as ulcerative colitis, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, due to its essential role in the evolution of chronic inflammation. The sugar–protein interaction was investigated using steady state and time resolved fluorescence. The results revealed that there are more than two classes of tryptophan, with different degree of accessibility for the quencher molecule. Our study also revealed that sugar–protein complexes have superior thermostability, especially after gamma irradiation at 2 kGy, the protein being stable and functional even after 22 days exposure to 40 °C.

scholarly journals Comparison of thrombelastometry with procalcitonin, interleukin 6, and C-reactive protein as diagnostic tests for severe sepsis in critical ill adults

Critical Care ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. R178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Adamzik ◽  
Martin Eggmann ◽  
Ulrich H Frey ◽  
Klaus Gorlinger ◽  
Martina Brocker-PreuSZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Ill Adults ◽  
Critical Ill

scholarly journals Comparing the Performance of HIV Rapid Diagnostic Tests Used in Zambia: a Systematic Review of Clinical Data.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loveness Mukuka ◽  
Andros Theo ◽  
Mowa Zambwe ◽  
Peter J Chipimo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Positive Results

Objective: To investigate the performance of the HIV RDTs used in Zambia. Method: 2,564 participants aged between 15 and 95 years from two sites in Lusaka province years were tested on OraQuick ADVANCE, Abbot Determine, and then confirmed on Uni-Gold Recombigen. The data from the participants were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results: The 3 RDTs when compared to the 4th generation Abbot Architect results had the following results: OraQuick ADVANCE, Alere Determine and Uni-Gold Ultra, at 95% CI had Sensitivities of: 91.8%, 93.3% and 92.5% respectively. The specificities of OraQuick ADVANCE and Uni-Gold were the same (100.0%; 95% CI: 98.8 -100.0) but slightly different from Alere Determine (99.8%). Positive predictive values at 95% CI were 100% for OraQuick ADVANCE and Uni-Gold and 98.4% for Alere Determine. Negative predictive values (at 95% CIs) were 99.1, 99.2 and 99.1 for OraQuick ADVANCE, Alere Determine, and Uni-Gold Ultra respectively. The results showed that these RDTs could only detect 12 out of every 13 HIV positive results. Conclusion: Third generation RDTs are not effective in detecting acute positive cases. Fourth generation Rapid Tests are required to capture the positive cases being missed out.

Neutrophil CD64 Is an Improved Indicator of Infection or Sepsis in Emergency Department Patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 654-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce H. Davis ◽  
Stephen H. Olsen ◽  
Ejaz Ahmad ◽  
Nancy C. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cd64 Expression ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Neutrophil Cd64

Abstract Context.—Sepsis, affecting millions of individuals annually with an associated high mortality rate, is among the top 10 causes of death. In addition, improvements in diagnostic tests for detecting and monitoring sepsis and infection have been limited in the last 25 years. Neutrophil CD64 expression has been proposed as an improved diagnostic test for the evaluation of infection and sepsis. Objective.—To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a quantitative flow cytometric assay for leukocyte CD64 expression in comparison with the standard tests for infection/sepsis in an ambulatory care setting. Design.—Prospective analysis of 100 blood samples from patients from an emergency department setting in a 965-bed tertiary care suburban community hospital was performed for neutrophil CD64 expression, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and complete blood count. The laboratory findings were compared with a clinical score for the likelihood of infection/sepsis, which was obtained by a blinded retrospective chart review. Results.—The diagnostic performance, as gauged by the clinical score, varied with neutrophil CD64 (sensitivity 87.9%, specificity 71.2%, efficiency 76.8%) and outperformed C-reactive protein (sensitivity 88.2%, specificity 59.4%, efficiency 69.4%), absolute neutrophil count (sensitivity 60.0%, specificity 50.8%, efficiency 53.8%), myeloid left shift (sensitivity 68.2%, specificity 76.3%, efficiency 73.3%), and sedimentation rate (sensitivity 50.0%, specificity 65.5%, efficiency 61.0%). Conclusion.—Neutrophil CD64 expression quantitation provides improved diagnostic detection of infection/sepsis compared with the standard diagnostic tests used in current medical practice.

scholarly journals Screening Performance of C-Reactive Protein for Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV-Positive Patients: A Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea-Daniela Meca ◽  
Maria Bogdan ◽  
Adina Turcu-Stiolica ◽  
Relu Cocos ◽  
Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarker ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Antituberculosis Treatment

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of mortality worldwide. In the last years, resistant strains of the etiological agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, have emerged, thus demanding more triage tests to identify active pulmonary TB (PTB) patients and to evaluate their disease severity. Therefore, acute-phase reaction serum tests are required for monitoring TB patients, among WHO symptoms screening recommendations. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a non-specific inflammatory biomarker that has been recently proposed for TB screening and can be quantitatively analyzed through cost-effective point-of-care assays. A previous meta-analysis found CRP high sensitive and moderate specific for active pulmonary TB with confirmed HIV infection. Methods: We performed an update meta-analysis of diagnostic tests, pooling sensitivities and specificities in order to assess the accuracy of CRP as a potential test for the screening of HIV-associated PTB in outpatients. We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, for eligible articles before April 1st, 2020. Results: We identified 9 eligible studies with HIV-positive patients with PTB. At CRP threshold of 10mg/L, CRP pooled sensitivity was 86% and pooled specificity was 73%. Using CRP threshold of 8mg/L, pooled sensitivity was 81% and pooled specificity was 88%. We found that CRP has a high sensitivity in screening of PTB in HIV-positive outpatients, consistent with findings reported previously. Conclusions: Regardless of pooled specificity, better results were found using the CRP threshold of 8mg/L as a test screening of PTB, meeting the need of evaluation of antituberculosis treatment outcomes and reducing resource consumption.

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