scholarly journals Part of Experimental Researches in Nationally Addressed Lexicography (on the Material of Russian-Mongolian Comparisons)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Mamontov ◽  
Enhtuya Tzedendorjiin ◽  
Vera V. Boguslavskaya

The purpose of this work is to research significance of experimental procedures usage, in particular so called “psychosemantic” approach in process of nationally addressed educational dictionaries for foreign students, studying language as cross-cultural communication means creation, including a dictionary of values for foreigners. In concrete case we are speaking about the Mongolian students, studying Russian and, accordingly, Russian culture. The investigation is based on principles of comparative Russian-Mongolian cultural values description, received by experimental way. Necessary to underline that in comparative description of the values content it is expediently to proceed from, that content of any linguistic unit is formed by contextual meaning of this unit. Every unit functions in some contexts, therefore in description of any lingual unit usage it is expediently to take into consideration maximum number of context types. In our opinion, it is possible to speak about existence of so-called “Mongolian’s and Russian’s values”. The last plays a considerable role in nationally addressed lexicography (NAL).

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Т.В. Юрьева ◽  
В.А. Михайлова

В статье раскрывается проблема формирования кросс-культурной компетентности иностранных учащихся на занятиях по русскому языку как иностранному. Авторы расшифровывают понятие кросс-культурной компетентности, эффективности коммуникации и выделяют факторы и условия их формирования. Отмечается, что каждая культура обладает своей собственной поликодовой системой, расшифровка которой зависит от кросс-культурной компетенции коммуникантов. Выделяются основные признаки кросс-культурной компетенции, которыми являются эмпатия и толерантность, лежащие в основе любого эффективного межкультурного общения, наличие знаний об иной культуре, помогающих правильно интерпретировать коммуникативное поведение представителей другой культуры и готовность к процессу кросс-культурной коммуникации с опорой на накопленный коммуникативный опыт в сфере кросс-культурных контактов. Демонстрируются практические приёмы и методы достижения позитивных результатов. Помимо информации о фонетической, грамматической, лексической системах русского языка, иностранные слушатели должны получить знания об иной, в данном случае русской культуре, помогающие правильно интерпретировать коммуникативное поведение её представителей. Работа в этом направлении проводится уже с первых уроков русского языка, даже на этапе вводно-фонетического курса, и систематически продолжается на всём этапе довузовской подготовки. Авторы приходят к выводу, что в процессе работы с иностранными слушателями Ярославской ГСХА на подготовительном отделении используются различные формы работы в кросс-культурном поле, дающие положительный результат. Завершающий проект (встреча со студентами направления «Журналистика» ЯГПУ им. К.Д. Ушинского) воочию продемонстрировал эффективность используемых методов. Активное использование кросс-культурных коммуникаций ведёт к ускорению и облегчению процесса социокультурной адаптации обучающихся, что в итоге приводит к более высокой эффективности обучения иностранных студентов в условиях русской языковой среды. The article reveals the formation problem of foreign students’ cross-cultural competence in classes in the Russian language as a foreign language. The authors decipher the concept of cross-cultural competence, communication efficiency and distinguish factors and conditions for their formation. It is noted that each culture has its own multicode system, the decoding of which depends on the cross-cultural competence of communicants. The main features of cross-cultural competence are empathy and tolerance which are the basis of any effective cross-cultural communication, the presence of knowledge about a different culture that helps to correctly interpret the communicative behavior of another culture representatives and the readiness for the process of cross-cultural communication based on the accumulated communicative experience in the field of cross-cultural contacts. Practical techniques and methods of achieving positive results are demonstrated. Besides information about the phonetic, grammatical, lexical systems of the Russian language, foreign listeners should gain knowledge of a different in this case Russian culture helping to correctly interpret the communications behavior of its representatives. Work in this direction is carried out already from the first lessons of the Russian language, even at the stage of the introductory phonetic course and systematically continues at the entire stage of pre-university tutorial. The authors conclude that in the process of working with foreign students of the Yaroslavl SAA various forms of work in the cross-cultural field are used at the preparatory department giving a positive result. The final project (a meeting with students of the Journalism direction of YSPU named after K.D. Ushinsky) personally demonstrated the effectiveness of the methods used. The active use of cross-cultural communications leads to the acceleration and facilitation of the process of students’ socio-cultural adaptation which ultimately leads to a higher efficiency of teaching foreign students in the Russian language environment.


1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen FitzGerald

This paper examines the spoken discourse of immigrant professionals problem solving in small groups in order to see how different cultural values both influence, and are reflected in, the way a problem is defined and solutions proposed. It also provides evidence that these values are one of the factors that contribute to miscommunication in this type of communication. Three types of miscommunication are identified: misinterpretation of the message because a cultural filter distorts the message; incomplete comprehension because the underlying values are not explicated and the hearers remain unaware of the full implications of the message; and comprehension but misunderstanding and dissonance because the values of the hearers are at variance with the reality of the message. The extent to which the views of individuals conformed to the value systems general ascribed to their cultural background is discussed and instances of individual variance noted. Finally, the implications for teaching and workplace training suggested by these findings are discussed.


Author(s):  
Valeriia Petrovna Osadchaia ◽  
Olga Lvovna Ivanova ◽  
Elizaveta Iosifovna Getman

The article is devoted to the importance of incorporating of a foreign culture learning, acquiring cross-cultural communication and cultural awareness skills in a foreign language teaching. The authors point out that teaching culture in foreign language teaching context should include cultural knowledge, cultural values, cultural skills and behavior. The author also emphasize that attitudes to teaching culture in the process of foreign language teaching involve, on the one side, considering teaching culture as teaching the fifth language skill along with speaking, listening, reading and writing, implying teaching cultural sensitivity and cultural awareness or the behavior in certain cultural situations, and on the other side, regarding language as social practice being defined by culture in which culture becomes the core of language teaching with cultural awareness viewed as enabling language proficiency. Cultural awareness is the foundation of communication; it helps to understand cultural values, beliefs, and perceptions of the other culture. Training of both bilingual and bicultural students at higher educational institutions is of primary significance. Intercultural awareness presumes a number of skills, improving students’ native culture and other cultures’ awareness and understanding. The authors come to the conclusion that intercultural awareness skills imply overcoming misinterpretations and accepting differences.


Author(s):  
Charles Ess

A number of examples demonstrate that technologies of computer-mediated communication (CMC) embed and foster specific cultural values and communicative preferences. Differences between the values and preferences embedded in CMC and those of a given cultural group thereby lead to communication failures. Hofstede’s and Hall’s theories partially explain these failures and, by contrast, examples of successful online cross-cultural communication via CMC designed to incorporate important cultural and communicative differences.


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