Morphological and phytochemical analysis of ocimum gratissimum linn. – A potential source of natural eugenol

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
PRANAB GIRI
Keyword(s):  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Potential Source

scholarly journals Anthelmintic activity of Ocimum gratissimum and Cymbopogon citratus leaf extracts against Haemonchus placei adult worm

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Segun A. Aderibigbe ◽  
Sunday O. Idowu
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Parasitic Helminths ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Haemonchus Placei

Medicinal plants are promising, as source of alternative solution to the problem of parasitic helminth infections that hamper the sustainable supply of products from farm animals. Ocimum gratissimum and Cymbopogon citratus leaves are commonly used internally to treat worms, relieve abdominal pains and stomach ache. This study, therefore, evaluated their leaf extracts for anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus placei worm from cattle; the most active extract being subjected to phytochemical analysis. The extracts, obtained by maceration using acetone, were evaluated for anthelmintic activity by exposing adult H. placei to a range of concentrations (5-60 mg/mL) for 3 hours and then counting the number of confirmed dead worms. Anthelmintic activity data were fitted to a non-linear regression equation (Log [extract] vs. response; variable slope) to produce best-fit sigmoidal curves from which LC50 values were computed. The best-fit LC50 values, found to be significantly different (alpha < 0.0001), were 17.70 mg/mL and 56.04 mg/mL for C. citratus and O. gratissimum, respectively, suggesting that C. citratus is three times more potent than O. gratissimum. Phytochemical analysis of C. citratus indicated the presence of alkaloids, tannins, steroids, saponins, terpenoids and flavonoids. Cymbopogon citratus could be useful as an anthelmintic phytomedicine against livestock parasitic helminths. Keywords: Anthelmintic; Haemonchus placei; Motility assay; Ocimum gratissimum; Cymbopogon citratus

scholarly journals In vitro antiplasmodial, cytotoxic and antioxidant effects, and phytochemical constituents of eleven plants used in the traditional treatment of malaria in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Olorunfemi Abraham Eseyin ◽  
Iweh Emmanuel Etim ◽  
Emmanuel E. Attih ◽  
Ekarika Johnson ◽  
Aniefiok Sunday Udobre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Milicia Excelsa

Purpose: To evaluate the antiplasmodial effects of eleven plants (Bombax buonopozense, Carica papaya, Anthocleista djalonensis, Milicia excelsa, Heterotis rotundifolia, Homalim letestui, Starchystarpheta cayennnensis, Ocimum gratissimum, Cleistopholis patens, Chromolaena odorata and Hippocratea africana) reportedly used in the treatment of malaria in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. Methods: Phytochemical analysis was done by standard methods, while in vitro antiplasmodial evaluation was carried out using Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquineresistant strains using lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) assay.  Cytotoxicity test was undertaken by MTT assay on LLC-MK2 cells and the concentration killing 50 % of the cells (CC50) was calculated.Antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Results: Milicia excelsa, Heterotis rotundifolia and Chromolaena odorata had moderate antiplasmodial activity. Ocimum gratissimum and Hippocratea africana were weakly active. Milicia excelsa showed a considerable level of cytotoxicity, while Bombax buonopozense exhibited moderate cytotoxicity. Bombax buonopozense (95.3 %) and Ocimum gratissimum (92.0 %) exhibited high DPPH scavengingeffect comparable to Vitamin C (98.7 %). There was a significant correlation (p < 0.05) between DPPH inhibition and the total phenolic contents of the eleven plants studied (r2 = 0.6616), between DPPH inhibition and flavonoids (r2 = 0.3553), between antiplasmodial activity and saponin content (r2= 0.3992), and between the two antiplasmodial evaluation assay methods (r2 = 0.614).Conclusion: The results of this work provide some justification for the use of Milicia excelsa, Heterotis rotundifolia, Chromolaena odorata, Ocimum gratissimum and Hippocratea africana in the treatment of malaria. Keywords: Antiplasmodial, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Phytochemicals, Antimalaria

scholarly journals PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF Mangifera indica linn.( AAMRA KERNEL )

2020 ◽  
Vol p4 (05) ◽  
pp. 2394-2400
Author(s):  
Pooja Dogra ◽  
A. Rama Murthy ◽  
Sumit Nathani
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Mango Kernel ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Introduction: Mangifera Indica Linn., Anacardiaceae family, is a large evergreen tree of tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Mango kernel can be used as a potential source for functional food ingredi-ents, animal feeds, antimicrobial compounds and cosmetic due to its high quality of fat and protein as well as high levels of natural antioxidants. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physicochemical and phytochemical analysis of Mangifera Indica Linn. Methods Aamra Kernel were collected, cleaned, dried and powdered. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Aamra kernel were analyzed for physicochemical and phytochemical constituents. The study was conduct-ed as per the guidelines of Ayurvedic pharmacopeia of India. Results: The result of physicochemical parameters (moisture content: 10.2%, total ash: 2.12%, acid insolu-ble ash: 0.3%, water soluble ash: 1.42%, aqueous extractive value: 14.67% and alcoholic extractive value 12.98%). The phytochemical studies revealed the presence of active constituents, carbohydrates, amino acid, steroids, proteins, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins in aqueous and alcoholic extracts. Conclusion: All studies standardization parameters like physicochemical and phytochemical screening pa-rameters provide the knowledge in the identification, authentication of kernel of Mangifera Indica Linn. Hence it is concluded that this drug supposed to be great beneficial and boon for our society.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF Eugenia aromatica AND ITS BIO-EFFICACY AGAINST Sitophilus oryzae (L.) AND Tribolium castaneum (HERBST)

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
F1 Progeny

In this investigation plant oil and powder of E. aromatica were evaluated under laboratory conditions to determine their toxicity, fumigant effect and impact on F1 progeny of S. oryzae and T. castaneum adults. Essential oil and powder of flower buds obtained from Eugenia aromatica were purified and analyzed by Gas-Chromatography–Mass Spectrometer (GC-MC). The results obtained showed that the two products of E. aromatica had good disorders on the all tested parameters. For toxicity and fumigant effect the oil was the premier compared to powder. In addition, that the two products completely prevented the F1 emergence of the two insects. In respect of the toxicity and fumigation the T. castaneum was more tolerant than S. oryzae adults. Phytochemical analysis showed that euegnol (89.62%) was the premier component of essential oil, while euegnol (78.66%), caryophyllene (6.30%), -a-Terpinyl acetate (1.35%) were the major components for its powder. These findings suggest application of E. aromatica products as suitable tools as a potential source of insecticides, alternative to synthetic insecticides or using these products in integrated pest management program against stored product insects, especially S. oryzae or T. castaneum adults.

scholarly journals Detection of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Crude Extracts of Tribulus terrestris Collected from Tribal Regions of Baglan (M.S.), India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasait Rajendrabhai D.
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Tribal Area ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Nature is rich source of medicinal plants and herbal remedies but due to inadequacy of information about their chemical and therapeutic properties some of these sources are still remained unrevealed. Herbal drugs are the potential source of therapeutic aid for the treatment and prevention of various infections and diseases. Naturally occurring shrub Tribulus terrestris was collected from tribal area of Baglan Region (Nashik District). The extracts of plant parts such as leaves and fruits were prepared in water, acetone and chloroform. The detection of important phytochemicals of plant Tribulus terrestris was attempted. Each crude extract of leaves and fruit of plant Tribulus terrestris was comparatively analyzed for presence of phytoconstituents. Phytochemical analysis of crude extracts of Tribulus terrestris showed presence of carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, glycosides, tannins, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids and saponins.

scholarly journals Modulation of antibiotic resistance by the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. in association with light-emitting diodes (LED) lights

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 377-387
Author(s):  
Maria Karollyna do N. Silva Leandro ◽  
Janaína E. Rocha ◽  
Camila F. Bezerra ◽  
Priscilla R. Freitas ◽  
Jessica Horana F. Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Led Lights

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiotic-enhancing effects of the essential oil obtained from Ocimum gratissimum L. (OEOg) alone or in association with light-emitting diodes (LED) lights. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and its chemical composition analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antibacterial and antibiotic-enhancing activities against multiresistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were evaluated by the gaseous contact method. The analysis of the photoinductive effect on the antibacterial activity of the OEOg and antibiotics was assessed through exposure to different LED lights (red, blue and yellow). The phytochemical analysis identified five compounds, including eugenol, as the major constituent. The OEOg caused a significant inhibition of the halo, indicating a direct antibacterial effect. Exposure to the LED lights significantly enhanced the activity of the OEOg against E. coli. On the other hand, the action of the essential oil against S. aureus was enhanced by exposure to both blue and yellow lights. The effects of LED light exposure on the activity of conventional antibiotics varied significantly according to the drug and the bacterial strain. However, most combinations of LED lights and the OEOg presented synergistic effects against resistant bacterial strains, indicating enhanced antibacterial activity. Thus, these in vitro findings suggest that both OEOg and LED lights have promising antibacterial effects. Nevertheless, further research is required to evaluate in vivo the potential of these therapies for the treatment of infectious skin diseases.

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