CONCEITOS GEOGRÁFICOS NA GESTÃO DAS UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO BRASILEIRAS

GEOgraphia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (42) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Lilian Miranda Garcia ◽  
Jasmine Cardozo Moreira ◽  
Robert Burns
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Biodiversity Protection ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

Resumo: No Brasil a criação de Unidades de Conservação é a mais importante ação do governo em prol da proteção da biodiversidade. No entanto, a constituição de espaços protegidos gera inúmeros conflitos. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar como conceitos da geografia se inserem nas discussões sobre a gestão das Unidades de Conservação brasileiras. Para tal o texto parte do histórico de criação das Unidades de Conservação, identificando aspectos preservacionistas e conservacionistas, e mais tardiamente a incorporação das questões referentes à proteção aos modos de vida das populações tradicionais, discutidos à luz das categorias geográficas: território, paisagem e lugar. O trabalho aborda ocorrência de conflitos em função de sobreposição de territorialidades, as dificuldades de consolidação do patrimônio natural por parte da sociedade e o restabelecimento da relação de pertencimento pelas Unidades de Conservação através da visitação e da interpretação ambiental.Palavras-chave: Unidades de Conservação. Gestão. Parques. Conceitos geográficos GEOGRAPHICAL CONCEPTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BRAZILIAN CONSERVATION UNITSAbstract: In Brazil, the creation of Protected Areas is the most important government action for biodiversity protection. However the creation of protected areas can generate many conflicts. This article aims to analyze how geography concepts fall in the discussion on the management of the Brazilian Protected Areas. The manuscript will discuss the history of the creation of protected areas, including preservationist and conservationist aspects, as well as the protection of livelihoods of traditional peoples. We will also focus on a discussion of geographical categories, including land, landscape and place. This discussion focuses on the occurrence of conflicts in land ownership and uses, and the difficulties in developing conservation units. Finally, we will examine the natural heritage and restoration of the settings through environmental interpretation.Keywords: Protected Area. Management. Parks. Geographical concepts. CONCEPTOS GEOGRÁFICOS EN LA GESTIÓN DE LAS UNIDADES DE CONSERVACIÓN BRASILEÑASResumen: En Brasil la creación de Unidades de Conservación es la más importante acción del gobierno en favor de la protección de la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, la constitución de espacios protegidos genera numerosos conflictos. Así, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar cómo los conceptos de la geografía pueden ser inseridos en las discusiones sobre la gestión de las Unidades de Conservación brasileñas. Para esto, el texto empeza con el histórico de creación de las Unidades de Conservación, identificando aspectos preservacionistas y conservacionistas, sigue con la incorporación de las cuestiones referentes a la protección de los modos de vida de las poblaciones tradicionales, discutidos a la luz de las categorías geográficas: territorio, paisaje y lugar. Este artigo aborda la ocurrencia de conflictos en función de superposición de territorialidades, las dificultades de consolidación del patrimonio natural por parte de la sociedad y el restablecimiento de la relación de pertenencia por las Unidades de Conservación a través de la visita turística y la interpretación ambiental.Palabras clave: Unidades de Conservación. Gestión. Parques. Conceptos geográficos.

CONCEITOS GEOGRÁFICOS NA GESTÃO DAS UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO BRASILEIRAS

GEOgraphia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (42) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Lilian Miranda Garcia ◽  
Jasmine Cardozo Moreira ◽  
Robert Burns
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Biodiversity Protection ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

Resumo: No Brasil a criação de Unidades de Conservação é a mais importante ação do governo em prol da proteção da biodiversidade. No entanto, a constituição de espaços protegidos gera inúmeros conflitos. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar como conceitos da geografia se inserem nas discussões sobre a gestão das Unidades de Conservação brasileiras. Para tal o texto parte do histórico de criação das Unidades de Conservação, identificando aspectos preservacionistas e conservacionistas, e mais tardiamente a incorporação das questões referentes à proteção aos modos de vida das populações tradicionais, discutidos à luz das categorias geográficas: território, paisagem e lugar. O trabalho aborda ocorrência de conflitos em função de sobreposição de territorialidades, as dificuldades de consolidação do patrimônio natural por parte da sociedade e o restabelecimento da relação de pertencimento pelas Unidades de Conservação através da visitação e da interpretação ambiental.Palavras-chave: Unidades de Conservação. Gestão. Parques. Conceitos geográficos GEOGRAPHICAL CONCEPTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BRAZILIAN CONSERVATION UNITSAbstract: In Brazil, the creation of Protected Areas is the most important government action for biodiversity protection. However the creation of protected areas can generate many conflicts. This article aims to analyze how geography concepts fall in the discussion on the management of the Brazilian Protected Areas. The manuscript will discuss the history of the creation of protected areas, including preservationist and conservationist aspects, as well as the protection of livelihoods of traditional peoples. We will also focus on a discussion of geographical categories, including land, landscape and place. This discussion focuses on the occurrence of conflicts in land ownership and uses, and the difficulties in developing conservation units. Finally, we will examine the natural heritage and restoration of the settings through environmental interpretation.Keywords: Protected Area. Management. Parks. Geographical concepts. CONCEPTOS GEOGRÁFICOS EN LA GESTIÓN DE LAS UNIDADES DE CONSERVACIÓN BRASILEÑASResumen: En Brasil la creación de Unidades de Conservación es la más importante acción del gobierno en favor de la protección de la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, la constitución de espacios protegidos genera numerosos conflictos. Así, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar cómo los conceptos de la geografía pueden ser inseridos en las discusiones sobre la gestión de las Unidades de Conservación brasileñas. Para esto, el texto empeza con el histórico de creación de las Unidades de Conservación, identificando aspectos preservacionistas y conservacionistas, sigue con la incorporación de las cuestiones referentes a la protección de los modos de vida de las poblaciones tradicionales, discutidos a la luz de las categorías geográficas: territorio, paisaje y lugar. Este artigo aborda la ocurrencia de conflictos en función de superposición de territorialidades, las dificultades de consolidación del patrimonio natural por parte de la sociedad y el restablecimiento de la relación de pertenencia por las Unidades de Conservación a través de la visita turística y la interpretación ambiental.Palabras clave: Unidades de Conservación. Gestión. Parques. Conceptos geográficos.

scholarly journals CONCEITOS GEOGRÁFICOS NA GESTÃO DAS UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO BRASILEIRAS

GEOgraphia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (42) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Lilian Miranda Garcia ◽  
Jasmine Cardozo Moreira ◽  
Robert Burns
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Conservation Units ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Biodiversity Protection ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

Resumo: No Brasil a criação de Unidades de Conservação é a mais importante ação do governo em prol da proteção da biodiversidade. No entanto, a constituição de espaços protegidos gera inúmeros conflitos. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar como conceitos da geografia se inserem nas discussões sobre a gestão das Unidades de Conservação brasileiras. Para tal o texto parte do histórico de criação das Unidades de Conservação, identificando aspectos preservacionistas e conservacionistas, e mais tardiamente a incorporação das questões referentes à proteção aos modos de vida das populações tradicionais, discutidos à luz das categorias geográficas: território, paisagem e lugar. O trabalho aborda ocorrência de conflitos em função de sobreposição de territorialidades, as dificuldades de consolidação do patrimônio natural por parte da sociedade e o restabelecimento da relação de pertencimento pelas Unidades de Conservação através da visitação e da interpretação ambiental.Palavras-chave: Unidades de Conservação. Gestão. Parques. Conceitos geográficos GEOGRAPHICAL CONCEPTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BRAZILIAN CONSERVATION UNITSAbstract: In Brazil, the creation of Protected Areas is the most important government action for biodiversity protection. However the creation of protected areas can generate many conflicts. This article aims to analyze how geography concepts fall in the discussion on the management of the Brazilian Protected Areas. The manuscript will discuss the history of the creation of protected areas, including preservationist and conservationist aspects, as well as the protection of livelihoods of traditional peoples. We will also focus on a discussion of geographical categories, including land, landscape and place. This discussion focuses on the occurrence of conflicts in land ownership and uses, and the difficulties in developing conservation units. Finally, we will examine the natural heritage and restoration of the settings through environmental interpretation.Keywords: Protected Area. Management. Parks. Geographical concepts. CONCEPTOS GEOGRÁFICOS EN LA GESTIÓN DE LAS UNIDADES DE CONSERVACIÓN BRASILEÑASResumen: En Brasil la creación de Unidades de Conservación es la más importante acción del gobierno en favor de la protección de la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, la constitución de espacios protegidos genera numerosos conflictos. Así, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar cómo los conceptos de la geografía pueden ser inseridos en las discusiones sobre la gestión de las Unidades de Conservación brasileñas. Para esto, el texto empeza con el histórico de creación de las Unidades de Conservación, identificando aspectos preservacionistas y conservacionistas, sigue con la incorporación de las cuestiones referentes a la protección de los modos de vida de las poblaciones tradicionales, discutidos a la luz de las categorías geográficas: territorio, paisaje y lugar. Este artigo aborda la ocurrencia de conflictos en función de superposición de territorialidades, las dificultades de consolidación del patrimonio natural por parte de la sociedad y el restablecimiento de la relación de pertenencia por las Unidades de Conservación a través de la visita turística y la interpretación ambiental.Palabras clave: Unidades de Conservación. Gestión. Parques. Conceptos geográficos.

scholarly journals ANALYZING TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT PLANS OF FEDERAL PROTECTED AREAS IN BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 846-854
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ribeiro Morais ◽  
◽  
Mariana Nascimento Siqueira ◽  
Roniel Freitas-Oliveira ◽  
Daniel Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Group B

Protected areas are the most frequently used tool for the mitigation of threats to biodiversity. However, without effective management, the creation of new protected areas may be ineffective. In Brazil, protected areas must have both a governing body (consultative or deliberative council) and an official management plan. Here, we analyzed general trends and patterns in the approval of the management plans for Brazilian federal protected areas. We considered all federal protected areas, and compiled data on (i) the year the area was created, (ii) the type of protected area (integral protection vs. sustainable use), (iii) year its management plan was approved, (iv) year in which the management plan was revised after its approval, (v) total area (in hectares), and (vi) the biome in which the area is located. We stablished three groups of protected area: 1) Group A: protected areas created prior to 1979, 2) Group B: protected areas created between 1979 and 1999, and 3) Group C: protected areas created between 2000 to the present time. Finally, we tested whether time for the approval of the management plan suffered a simultaneous effect of the type of biome and type of categories of protected area (strictly protected vs. sustainable use areas). We found 211 (63.17% of the 334) protected areas with management plan. On average, the time taken for the creation and approval of a management plan far exceeds the deadlines (5 yrs.) defined under current Brazilian law. All Brazilian biomes are poorly covered by protected areas with effective management plans, with the highest and lowest value observed in the Pantanal (100%) and Caatinga (46.42%), respectively. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of many federal protected areas in Brazil can be reduced considerably by the lack of a management plan, with deleterious consequences for the country’s principal conservation strategies.

scholarly journals International funding agencies: potential leaders of impact evaluation in protected areas?

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1681) ◽  
pp. 20140283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Craigie ◽  
Megan D. Barnes ◽  
Jonas Geldmann ◽  
Stephen Woodley
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
International Funding ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
Potential Benefits

Globally, protected areas are the most commonly used tools to halt biodiversity loss. Yet, some are failing to adequately conserve the biodiversity they contain. There is an urgent need for knowledge on how to make them function more effectively. Impact evaluation methods provide a set of tools that could yield this knowledge. However, rigorous outcome-focused impact evaluation is not yet used as extensively as it could be in protected area management. We examine the role of international protected area funding agencies in facilitating the use of impact evaluation. These agencies are influential stakeholders as they allocate hundreds of millions of dollars annually to support protected areas, creating a unique opportunity to shape how the conservation funds are spent globally. We identify key barriers to the use of impact evaluation, detail how large funders are uniquely placed to overcome many of these, and highlight the potential benefits if impact evaluation is used more extensively.

scholarly journals Measuring benefits of protected area management: trends across realms and research gaps for freshwater systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1681) ◽  
pp. 20140274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa M. Adams ◽  
Samantha A. Setterfield ◽  
Michael M. Douglas ◽  
Mark J. Kennard ◽  
Keith Ferdinands
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Area Management

Protected areas remain a cornerstone for global conservation. However, their effectiveness at halting biodiversity decline is not fully understood. Studies of protected area benefits have largely focused on measuring their impact on halting deforestation and have neglected to measure the impacts of protected areas on other threats. Evaluations that measure the impact of protected area management require more complex evaluation designs and datasets. This is the case across realms (terrestrial, freshwater, marine), but measuring the impact of protected area management in freshwater systems may be even more difficult owing to the high level of connectivity and potential for threat propagation within systems (e.g. downstream flow of pollution). We review the potential barriers to conducting impact evaluation for protected area management in freshwater systems. We contrast the barriers identified for freshwater systems to terrestrial systems and discuss potential measurable outcomes and confounders associated with protected area management across the two realms. We identify key research gaps in conducting impact evaluation in freshwater systems that relate to three of their major characteristics: variability, connectivity and time lags in outcomes. Lastly, we use Kakadu National Park world heritage area, the largest national park in Australia, as a case study to illustrate the challenges of measuring impacts of protected area management programmes for environmental outcomes in freshwater systems.

scholarly journals Securing tropical forest carbon: the contribution of protected areas to REDD

Oryx ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn P. W. Scharlemann ◽  
Valerie Kapos ◽  
Alison Campbell ◽  
Igor Lysenko ◽  
Neil D. Burgess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Forest Loss ◽  
The Tropics

AbstractForest loss and degradation in the tropics contribute 6–17% of all greenhouse gas emissions. Protected areas cover 217.2 million ha (19.6%) of the world’s humid tropical forests and contain c. 70.3 petagrams of carbon (Pg C) in biomass and soil to 1 m depth. Between 2000 and 2005, we estimate that 1.75 million ha of forest were lost from protected areas in humid tropical forests, causing the emission of 0.25–0.33 Pg C. Protected areas lost about half as much carbon as the same area of unprotected forest. We estimate that the reduction of these carbon emissions from ongoing deforestation in protected sites in humid tropical forests could be valued at USD 6,200–7,400 million depending on the land use after clearance. This is > 1.5 times the estimated spending on protected area management in these regions. Improving management of protected areas to retain forest cover better may be an important, although certainly not sufficient, component of an overall strategy for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD).

scholarly journals Factors influencing resource users and managers' perceptions towards marine protected area management in Kenya

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY McCLANAHAN ◽  
JAMIE DAVIES ◽  
JOSEPH MAINA
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Protected Area Management ◽  
Indirect Benefits ◽  
Park Service ◽  
History Of ◽  
Community Programmes ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Area Management

Non-compliance with marine protected area (MPA) regulations is a problem worldwide, and this is being addressed through community programmes. Park service and fisheries department personnel, and fishers living adjacent to three parks were studied to determine their perceptions of MPAs. The hypotheses that positive perceptions towards the management of fisheries exclusion and gear-restricted areas would increase with the wealth, education, age and years of employment of the person, the history of community participation and the age of the MPA were tested. The strongest factor was employment, with fishers having significantly less positive perceptions towards areas closed to fishing than government managers, although all groups agreed area management benefited the nation. Government personnel thought that fishers and their communities benefited from area management, while most fishers did not share this view. Increasing wealth or community participation were not significant factors, but secondary education was associated with more positive perceptions of area management. Fishers adjacent to the oldest MPA held significantly more positive perceptions than fishers living adjacent to the newest MPA, although only a slight majority agreed that they and their communities benefited. The results point to a need for patience in expecting change in resource users' perceptions, adopting an approach in which there is more communication between fishers and managers, so that both are more aware of MPA functions, particularly closed areas and the indirect benefits.

Private protected areas: three key challenges

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD J. LADLE ◽  
CHIARA BRAGAGNOLO ◽  
GABRIELA M. GAMA ◽  
ANA C.M. MALHADO ◽  
MEREDITH ROOT-BERNSTEIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Private Protected Areas ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Creation

SUMMARYPrivate protected areas (PPAs) are a board category that includes reserves established and managed by non-government entities, including civil society organizations, businesses and private individuals. It was recently suggested that the creation of a system of PPAs in Brazil may act as a useful model for extending protected area systems internationally. While it is clear that RPPNs have an important role to play in the future development of Brazil's protected area system, there are several significant challenges that need to be overcome if they are fulfil their potential: (1) ensuring that RPPNs contribute to coverage and representation; (2) ensuring adequate governance; and (3) increasing the attractiveness of the RPPN model. While it is still too early to determine whether RPPNs constitute a robust PPA model that could (or should) be exported to other countries, they are creating new opportunities for innovation and novel management strategies that might eventually lead to a vibrant and distinctly Brazilian protected area movement.

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