scholarly journals Flexicurity og de danske arbejdsmarkedsrelationer – en eller to modeller?

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-51
Author(s):  
Carsten Strøby Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Rela Tions

Danmark har de senere år været genstand for en betydelig international opmærksomhed knyttet til forhold på det danske arbejdsmarked. Dette har ikke mindst været tilfældet i lyset af den såkaldte flexicuritymodel. Karakteristisk ved flexicuritymodellen er den – i hvert fald i teorien – særlige relation mellem fleksibilitet, social sikkerhed og aktiv arbejdsmarkedspolitik, hvor social sikkerhed og aktiv arbejdsmarkedspolitik ses som tilvejebringende forudsætninger for et arbejdsmarked præget af en høj grad af fleksibilitet. I artiklen analyseres forholdet mellem fleksibilitet og sikkerhed på det danske arbejdsmarked med udgangspunkt i forskellige segmenter af lønmodtagere på arbejdsmarkedet. Artiklens hovedkonklusion er, at der ikke er én, men to forskellige flexicuritymodeller på det danske arbejdsmarkedet. Og at den ”klassiske” – og efterhånden internationalt berømte – danske flexicuritymodel, hvor det på den ene side er let at fyre medarbejdere (hvilket giver høj fleksibilitet), og hvor der på den anden side gives høj kompensation i forbindelse med arbejdsløshed (hvilket giver høj sikkerhed), kun dækker en del af arbejdsstyrken i Danmark. Fleksibiliteten på arbejdsmarkedet – i form af adgang til at fyre medarbejdere – er ikke så høj som det almindeligt antages på alle dele af arbejdsmarkedet, ligesom sikkerheden – i form af kompensation i forbindelse med arbejdsløshed – ikke så høj som det tilsvarende almindeligvis antages i flexicuritylitteraturen. Søgeord: Flexicurity, arbejdsmarked, arbejdsmarkedsrelationer, industrial relations. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Carsten Strøby Jensen: Flexicurity and Employment Rela-tions in Denmark – One or Two Models of Flexicurity In recent years the development of the Danish labour market have been subject of major international attention. This attention has focussed on the so-called flexicurity model that dominates the Danish labour market. Flexicurity has been characterized – at least in theory – by the special relation between flexibility, social security and active labour market policy, where a high level of social security is seen as a precondition for a labour market characterized by flexibility. In this article we will argue that it is possible to identify two different types of institutionalized relations between flexibility and security on the Danish labour market. There is not one model of flexicurity in Denmark, but rather two models that tend to cover different parts of the labour market and different segments of employees. The first model of flexicurity – the one that is often focused on in the literature – covers primarily skilled and unskilled workers on the Danish labour market. The second model of flexicurity – one seldom mentioned in the literature – covers primarily employees with middle-level or high-level education and qualifications. Key words: Industrial relations, labour market, flexicurity, flexibility, security.

The flexibility of flexicurity: The Danish model reconsidered

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Strøby Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Workers ◽  
High Range

During the last five to ten years, much attention internationally has been focused on the concept of flexicurity, and especially on the Danish model of flexicurity. Some have even talked about the Danish ‘magic formula’ of flexicurity. The Danish flexicurity model has been characterized by a special relation between flexibility, social security and active labour market policy, where a high level of social security is seen as a precondition for a labour market characterized by flexibility. In this article it is argued that the Danish labour market is characterized by having not just one model of flexicurity, but two. These two models cover different parts of the labour market and different segments of employees. The first model (the blue-collar flexicurity model) – the one that is often focused on in the literature – covers primarily skilled and unskilled workers on the labour market. The second model (the white-collar flexicurity model) – one seldom mentioned in the literature – covers primarily employees with middle-range or high-range education and qualifications.

The Dutch model: An Obvious Candidate for the ‘Third Way’?

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Hemerijck ◽  
Jelle Visser
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Labour Market Policy ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Tightly Coupled

While the progressive European politicians are on the lookout for a new model of ‘third way’ capitalism with a human face, after the (temporary?) defeat of the Swedish, Dutch welfare state reform occupies a prominent place in many commentaries.Although it attracted only international attention in the mid- 1990s, the ‘Dutch miracle’ has its basis in policy changes in the early 1980s. For a full explanation of the Dutch experience we must go back at least fifteen years, and study the combination of problem loads, power shifts, institutions, politics and ideas, in three ‘tightly coupled’ policy domains of the Dutch welfare state: industrial relations, social security, and labour market policy. The return to wage moderation took place in the early followed by a series of reforms in the systems of social security in the late 1980s and early 1990s. From the mid-1990s, finally, the adoption of an active labour market policy stance, in order to enhance overall efficiency and create a new domestic balance between wages and social benefits, gained political currency. In this article we present a stylised narrative of these policy changes—what happened, how it happened and what it meant. We demonstrate that these three policy shifts, although embedded in different corporate actors, were interrelated; they created the conditions and the demand for one another, and neither of these policies could have been successful on its own.

Opportunities and challenges for flexicurity - The Danish example

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Bredgaard ◽  
Flemming Larsen ◽  
Per Kongshøj Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Labour Market Policy ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Labour Market Flexibility ◽  
Active Labour

The contraction of two previously opposed concepts, ‘flexibility’ and ‘security’, into that of flexicurity has become one of the most popular labour market concepts in recent years, and one that seems to cross European borders relatively easily. Seen in an international perspective, Denmark is characterised by a relatively flexible labour market and an extensive social security system. It is widely assumed that these favourable results are due to the special Danish combination of flexible employment regulations, an active labour market policy including rights and duties of education and placement, and relatively high unemployment benefits. In recent years the concept flexicurity has come to be used to describe the particular Danish mix of labour market flexibility and social security. Against this background, this article outlines the economic and political characteristics of the Danish ‘flexicurity model’, and the current challenges facing this model. Finally, the lessons that other European countries can learn from this Danish model will be presented.

Die Arbeitsverwaltung als Versicherungskonzern?

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (148) ◽  
pp. 351-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Hielscher
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Labour Market Policy ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Active Labour

One of the main pillars of the German social security system, the Federal Labour Agency has undergone the most extensive reorganization of a public sector organisation in Germany in recent years. The contribution describes the main principles of this management-driven reform process and its conseguences for the service quality in the local job centres. It leads to the conclusion that a gain of efficiency in labour administration faces problems of exclusion for specific groups of job seekers from measures of active labour market policy.

Qualitative Survey of Graduate Practice — An Intervention for Young Unemployed Jobseekers in Slovakia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 910-918
Author(s):  
Lucia Svabova ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Borik ◽  
Marek Durica ◽  
Johanna Grudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
The European Union ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Potential Employer ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Active Labour

Active labour market policy interventions are vide used tool of a government against unemployment. One of the most frequently used intervention for young jobseekers in Slovakia is a Contribution for Graduate practice. This measure is intended for young unemployed jobseekers as a tool of gaining first contact with the open labour market and with potential employer and gaining first work experiences. In this paper we present a qualitative survey of Graduate practice that was made as an ex-post evaluation of this intervention by its participants in Slovakia. This evaluation of the intervention was carried out at the request of the European Commission not only in Slovakia but also in several countries of the European Union. The qualitative evaluation, as a part of this rigorous intervention evaluation, provides feedback from the real intervention participants and brings some suggestions to improve the parameters and conditions of Graduate practice intervention and its realization. These improvements are useful not only for participants themselves, for companies in which young graduates are employed but also for the state budget in the form of returned or saved invested funds because of better functioning of the intervention. Based on the results of this feedback from its real participants, some parameters, conditions and details of the Graduate practice intervention have been changed and added in Slovakia.

An evaluation of German active labour market policies: a review of the empirical evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Zoellner ◽  
Michael Fritsch ◽  
Michael Wyrwich
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Active Labour Market Policies ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Future Challenges

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the results of studies that investigate the most important active labour market policy (ALMP) measures in Germany. A focus is also on programmes devoted to foster entrepreneurship which can make important contributions to a country’s growth and social welfare.Design/methodology/approachThe study relies on quantitative and qualitative assessments and a comparison of results of previous studies on ALMPs.FindingsThe available evidence suggests that most ALMP measures increase labour market prospects of the participants. In particular, evaluations of the entrepreneurship promotion activities show high success rates as well as high cost efficiency. The bulk share of participants of entrepreneurship measures is still self-employed after several years and nearly one-third of these businesses had at least one employee. The authors mention problems regarding the evaluation of previous programmes and highlight future challenges of German ALMP.Originality/valueThis is the first study on ALMP that has an extensive and explicit focus on entrepreneurship-promoting programs.

Dualising the Swedish model: insiders and outsiders and labour market policy reform in Sweden: an overview

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Bo Davidsson
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Labour Market Policy ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Swedish Model ◽  
Welfare Institutions ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Fiscal Austerity

For many decades it seemed that the Swedish model was immune to change. Welfare scholars saw in Sweden a paragon of an equal society based on a generous welfare state that had withstood the pressures of globalisation. While it is true that some welfare institutions are still intact, that is no longer the case in labour market policy. This cannot be explained by fiscal austerity imposed by the EU; rather it was the economic crisis in the early 1990s that first set reforms in motion. This chapter traces labour market reforms in Sweden over the past two decades. The pattern suggested here is one in which labour market outsiders have borne the brunt of reforms. This can be seen in the manner in which labour market flexibility was introduced, the fact that many of the unemployed now stand outside the social insurance system, in the declining value of social assistance benefits and perhaps most strikingly in the radical cuts to spending on active labour market policy.

scholarly journals Policy evaluation via a statistical control: A non-parametric evaluation of the ‘Want2Work’ active labour market policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 635-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Lindley ◽  
Steven Mcintosh ◽  
Jennifer Roberts ◽  
Carolyn Czoski Murray ◽  
Richard Edlin
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Labour Market Policy ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Non Parametric
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