Disrupting Aotearoa New Zealand’s Curricular Consensus: From ‘World-Leading’ Curriculum to Curriculum Refresh 2007–2021

This article seeks to explain how Aotearoa New Zealand moved from a consensus that the New Zealand Curriculum (NZC) should grant a high degree of autonomy to teachers, to an emerging view that it ought to be more prescriptive about content. To do this, it takes an assemblage approach to policy analysis, understanding policies as constantly evolving ‘bundles’ of divergent components temporarily woven together. The article first explores the complex intermingling of Third Way priorities, knowledge economy discourses, educational progressivism and narratives of ‘harmonious’ biculturalism which constitute the 2007 NZC. It then explores the sustained critique of the NZC from the 2015 parliamentary petition calling for compulsory teaching of the New Zealand Wars, up to the government’s 2021 ‘curriculum refresh’ announcement. It is argued that this ‘refresh’ moves to reassemble the NZC so that it accommodates a series of demands made of it in recent years, including demands the curriculum take a more active role in redressing the impact of colonisation, and demands from both business-aligned groups and academics that the curriculum become more ‘knowledge-led’.

PEOPLE'S LIVELIHOOD: THE THIRD WAY OF THE SCIENCE OF GOVERNMENT

the emergence of the third way of thinking was motivated by the formation of government science in Indonesia which was influenced by 2 (two) schools, namely Continental Europe, which brought the term "authority" to Indonesia, and "Anglo Saxon" who introduced the concept of "power" (power). Both streams color the teaching of government science in Indonesia, this has an impact on government science being perceived as "public policy", "bureaucracy" or "politics". The implication of the application of these two schools is that they marginalize the focus of government science from people's sovereignty in accordance with the mandate of the 1945 Constitution.

Determination of swithgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) seeds quality

Purpose. Developing a method for determination of the laboratory seed germination that could reduce the biological dormancy period and, accordingly, increase the intensity of germination. Methods. Laboratory, measuring and weighing, mathematical and statistical. Results. Cooling switchgrass seeds at a temperature of 10°C for 7 days on average for three years did not lead to a decrease in germination energy and germination compared to cooling for 14 days. These indexes were almost the same and amounted to 74 and 76%, 73 and 75%, respectively. There were no significant deviations in germination energy and seed germination over the years of research as affected by duration of the cool period. The production test of the developed method, carried out in the accredited control and measuring laboratory, confirmed the obtained in the laboratory results. Conclusions. Seed germination by an improved method, when pre-cooling is carried out for 7 instead of 14 days and counting of germinated seeds on 15th day instead of 20th, has reduced the time to determine germination by 13 days without reducing the quality of analysis. It is advisable to determine the 1000-seed weight in one of three ways, but the most accurate is the third way, i.e. counting the seeds in 10 repetitions.

The Reverse of the Reverse: The Anti-Rightist Campaign

The Anti-Rightist Campaign continued, claiming more than half a million victims, and it was a close call for Yuan-tsung. She witnessed the fall of her immediate boss, Director Wang, at his heartbreaking last meeting with his little daughter, Oriole. She also witnessed the fall of Zeng Zhaolun and the destruction of the Democratic League, the influential “third-way” party of which Zeng was a founding member. Zeng’s wife Yu Dayin, Yuan-tsung’s best friend, was a collateral victim. It broke both her heart and her spirit to see her husband being taken away. The tragedies happening around Yuan-tsung made her think she would not be spared, but at this juncture she reunited with her ex-lover, Jack, who came back from a trip on the Silk Road.

Beyond the Binary: What does it take to tread the ‘Third Way’ of Urban 12 Regeneration in India?

Urbanisation is an inevitable part of India’s growth, which places enormous strain on existing infrastructure and settlements. Although the need for urban renewal or urban regeneration (as contrasted with greenfield development) is clear, it seems current policy and institutional frameworks have yet to offer any significant results. Lack of financial resources is one of the most critical challenges being faced by governments at various levels, and despite sufficient financial means and instruments to develop new infrastructure (such as the FDI, PPP, TDR, and so on), funding channels for urban renewal projects remain almost non-existent within an environment of mutual distrust. Through a discussion of three ongoing projects, the need to explore outside of conventional models will be demonstrated. In essence, this article advocates for an intermediary working structure of PPPP (Public-Private Partnership with the fourth P standing for People), which can be situated between a strict / formal approach and an unregulated / informal one, often referred to in the Indian context to as Jugaad. Though jugaad is typically characterized by ‘ad-hoc-ism’ and informality, the outcomes still provide affordable solutions for stakeholders. Jugaad is notable for both its process-driven approach involving people-to-people collaboration, and its circumvention of the need for reform of the prevailing systemic environment. We suggest, therefore, that Jugaad in urbanism be reconceived as going beyond quick-fixes to serve as a possible model for resolving challenges in a participatory manner, without resorting to rule-bound contracting methods. *Jugaad is a term applied to a creative or innovative idea providing a quick, alternative way of solving or fixing a problem.

Zombie of Biopower: Is the Concept Outdated?

The article is devoted to the discussion about what the concept of biopower, developed within the framework of the postmodern critical theory, means in the context of the modern world, both in general theoretical and empirical sense. According to the author’s conclusion, although this concept remains significant for Political Science, it is largely outdated and could turn into a scientific zombie idea. Giorgio Agamben, one of the classics of Political Philosophy, who denied the danger of the COVID-19 pandemic on the basis of the methodology of biopolitics, is case in point. Another evidence comes from the fact that researchers from different countries, including Russia, increasingly look for new approaches and tools of the biopolitical analysis, and try to saturate the concept with new ideas and data. This article proposes three ways how to make biopolitical research more relevant today. One way is to rethink the normative/moral foundations of biopower, to reject an implicitly negative assessment of the concept. Another way is to expand the historical framework, to pay greater attention to historical cases that allow us to trace different stages of the evolution of biopolitical patterns, to focus on the analysis of specific manifestations of biopower in concrete situations. The third way is to move towards the synthesis of critical biopolitics and evolutionary biopolitics, which draws data from the natural sciences. According to the author, these efforts together will make it possible to move from the unidirectional asymmetric link “the political influences the bio logical” to a more complex scheme of mutual reflective influence of the political and the biological.

Constructivist Self-Construal: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

Building on independent versus interdependent self-construal theory, three studies provide initial empirical evidence for a third way of construing the self: the constructivist self-construal. People with a constructivist view perceive the self as constantly changing (impermanence), as a collection of distinct phenomena from moment to moment (discontinuity), as lacking an essence (disentification), and as psychologically overlapping with other people and things in the universe (boundlessness/boundaries). In Study 1, we piloted a new Constructivist Self-Construal Scale and established preliminary evidence for the discriminant validity of the scale. Studies 2 and 3 found that across seven countries with diverse cultural backgrounds, the self was consistently cognitively represented on the four dimensions of constructivist self. People from collectivistic cultures where Buddhist philosophy is more prevalent tended to endorse the dimensions of the constructivist self-construal to a greater degree than people from other cultures. Implications regarding the development of the constructivist self-construal and future research recommendations are discussed.

Brazil presidential hopefuls gear up for 2022 election

Significance In recent weeks, former Justice Minister Sergio Moro has joined a centre-right party, Sao Paulo Governor Joao Doria has won his party’s presidential primaries and former President Luis Inacio Lula da Silva, widely seen as Bolsonaro’s main competitor, has completed a successful European tour. Bolsonaro has joined a new party ahead of the election. Impacts Bolsonaro will keep pushing for congressional approval of his pre-election spending measures to improve his prospects. The incumbent will increase his attacks on Lula and 'third-way' candidates, emulating the 2018 presidential campaign. Lula will seize any opportunity to consolidate himself as the focus of opposition to Bolsonaro for both the left and centre.