scholarly journals A Qualitative meta-analysis of the socioeconomic impacts of offshore wind farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-171
Author(s):  
Mariel Alem ◽  
Timo Herberz ◽  
Vishnu Sankar Karanayil ◽  
Ahmed Ashfaque Hamid Fardin
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms

Climate change and an increased interest in renewable energy have resulted in a burgeoning wind energy sector. However, in the recent past, wind farms have faced resistance in acquiring permits due to concerns about their long-term effects on the local community. To understand the extent of these externalities, this study qualitatively meta-analyses four socio-economic impacts of interest, namely: house prices, tourism, catalytic effects of supply chain clustering, and social change. Geographically, the analysed reports include Europe, Canada and the US, and deductions are made for the EU. In order to bridge the gap of unavailability of primary data on the wind sector, relevant conclusions are drawn from other comparable sectors. Based on a rigorous review of primary qualitative research, this study concludes that offshore wind farms should be located more than 40 km away from the coast to eliminate risks of housing price devaluation and tourist activity reduction, which would directly affect the economic value of the region. In addition, the study found limited evidence to acknowledge the employment benefits in the local economy and social change in the community due to offshore wind farms. Monitoring mechanisms should be set up to prove or disprove the creation of local employment, crime and substance abuse. Furthermore, the study finds that adequate planning and management can ensure better socioeconomic outcomes in the community. Further research is recommended for the specific impact of overhead transmission lines and substations on property values and tourism.

Meta-Analysis of Finfish Abundance at Offshore Wind Farms

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth T. Methratta ◽  
William R. Dardick
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms

Design and Optimization of Scour Protection for Offshore Wind Platform DolWin Beta

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben de Sonneville ◽  
Greta van Velzen ◽  
Jan Wigaard
Keyword(s):  
Shear Failure ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
German Coast ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Scour Protection

DolWin Beta is a large offshore power converter platform, which will be used to connect multiple offshore wind farms off the German coast to the main land. It will be located in a water depth of 29m, where tidal currents and harsh wave conditions may cause soil erosion (scour) and possibly undermining of the foundation if not protected properly. Laboratory experiments were conducted in order to investigate the scouring around the foundation and provide an optimized layout for scour protection. This paper summarizes the initial scour assessment, the design approach for scour protection, the experimental set-up, test program, monitoring techniques and results of the experiments. The test results revealed which zones of the scour protection around the foundation were most sensitive to shear failure and edge scour. In steps, the scour protection was strengthened in these zones and reduced in the more sheltered areas. The tests showed that the magnitude of rock displacement, apart from wave height and direction, was significantly influenced by the superimposed current velocity. Based on a test without scour protection, the sequence of installation was adjusted to minimize risks of scour during installation. Finally, a stable scour protection layout was obtained that was fully verified under extreme storms and long-term effects of edge scour.

Long-term effects of wakes from offshore wind farms on the wind conditions at FINO1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Ortensi ◽  
Richard Fruehmann ◽  
Thomas Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Wind Flow ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Clear Effect ◽  
Research Platform

<p>Investigation on how the wind conditions at the FINO1 research platform have changed through the construction of new wind farms in the vicinity. The long measurement recorded at FINO1 opens the opportunity to analyze how the progressive construction of wind farms influences the downwind wind conditions over a range of distances. In previous publications it has been shown that the wakes from the nearby wind farms Alpha Ventus, Borkum Riffgrund 1 and Trianel Windpark Borkum I have a clear effect on the wind flow, causing a reduction in wind speed and an increase in turbulence intensity.</p>

Early-Phase Offshore Hydrocarbon Field Planning Considering Environmental Factors and Using Integrated Asset Modeling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok Ki Moon ◽  
Milan Stanko
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Co2 Tax ◽  
Open Cycle ◽  
Development Alternatives

Abstract This work discusses methods to quantify environmental indicators of development alternatives during the early design phase of offshore fields and how to include them in the selection process. The goal is to develop a decision-support method to: 1) evaluate field development alternatives of reduced environmental impact and 2) dealing with conflicting indicators such as economic value and environmental performance. A value chain model of a synthetic field located in the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) was created using an integrated asset modeling tool. The model computes the net present value (NPV) of the project and the amount of CO2 emissions based on the hydrocarbon production profile and the field energy consumption. Several cases and field development power supply alternatives such as open-cycle gas turbine (OCGT), combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT), power from shore and offshore wind farms are analyzed. It has been assumed that the gas turbine generates most of the CO2 and that the amounts of CO2 produced is a function of the field power consumption. The effect of the CO2 tax is included and studied. Results show that there are development alternatives that provide fair economic value while having low CO2 emissions. For the cases studied, the solutions with gas turbines have higher economic value than the solutions with power from shore and offshore wind farms, but emit large amounts of CO2. For solutions using gas turbine, a combined-cycle has less CO2 emission intensity (kgCO2/boe) than open-cycle, however, the energy intensity (kWh/boe) depended mainly on the amount of gas recycled and is highest for 75%. These indicators could allow field planners to evaluate and compare different field development concepts. Breakeven values of CO2 tax were determined for which the economic value of development with the gas turbine is equal to that of development with power from shore or offshore wind farms.

Disturbance of harbour porpoises during construction of the first seven offshore wind farms in Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 596 ◽  
pp. 213-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Brandt ◽  
AC Dragon ◽  
A Diederichs ◽  
MA Bellmann ◽  
V Wahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms

Feasibility study for the installation of offshore wind farms in the Canary Islands

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (07) ◽  
pp. 809-813
Author(s):  
M. Martínez ◽  
A. Pulido ◽  
J. Romero ◽  
N. Angulo ◽  
F. Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms

scholarly journals Offshore wind farms and the attraction–production hypothesis: insights from a combination of stomach content and stable isotope analyses

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninon Mavraki ◽  
Steven Degraer ◽  
Jan Vanaverbeke
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Dietary Composition ◽  
Trachurus Trachurus ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Scomber Scombrus ◽  
Isotope Analyses

AbstractOffshore wind farms (OWFs) act as artificial reefs, attracting high abundances of fish, which could potentially increase their local production. This study investigates the feeding ecology of fish species that abundantly occur at artificial habitats, such as OWFs, by examining the short- and the long-term dietary composition of five species: the benthopelagic Gadus morhua and Trisopterus luscus, the pelagic Scomber scombrus and Trachurus trachurus, and the benthic Myoxocephalus scorpioides. We conducted combined stomach content and stable isotope analyses to examine the short- and the time-integrated dietary composition, respectively. Our results indicated that benthopelagic and benthic species utilize artificial reefs, such as OWFs, as feeding grounds for a prolonged period, since both analyses indicated that they exploit fouling organisms occurring exclusively on artificial hard substrates. Trachurus trachurus only occasionally uses artificial reefs as oases of highly abundant resources. Scomber scombrus does not feed on fouling fauna and therefore its augmented presence in OWFs is probably related to reasons other than the enhanced food availability. The long-termed feeding preferences of benthic and benthopelagic species contribute to the hypothesis that the artificial reefs of OWFs could potentially increase the fish production in the area. However, this was not supported for the pelagic species.

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