scholarly journals Preventing early births in a regional tertiary maternity unit - evaluating preterm and early term birth rates before and after implementation of the Preterm Birth Prevention Initiative in the Australian Capital Territory: a pre and post interventional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Orefice ◽  
Julia Smythe ◽  
Dorota Doherty ◽  
Boon Lim BJOG SINCE 1902
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Maternity Unit ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Australian Capital ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Validity of pre and post-term birth rates based on the date of last menstrual period compared to early obstetric ultrasonography

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nilza Lima Medeiros ◽  
Nádia Carenina Nunes Cavalcante ◽  
Fabrício José Alencar Mesquita ◽  
Rosângela Lucena Fernandes Batista ◽  
Vanda Maria Ferreira Simões ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Preterm Birth Rate ◽  
Obstetric Ultrasonography

The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the last menstrual period (LMP) estimate in determining pre and post-term birth rates, in a prenatal cohort from two Brazilian cities, São Luís and Ribeirão Preto. Pregnant women with a single fetus and less than 20 weeks' gestation by obstetric ultrasonography who received prenatal care in 2010 and 2011 were included. The LMP was obtained on two occasions (at 22-25 weeks gestation and after birth). The sensitivity of LMP obtained prenatally to estimate the preterm birth rate was 65.6% in São Luís and 78.7% in Ribeirão Preto and the positive predictive value was 57.3% in São Luís and 73.3% in Ribeirão Preto. LMP errors in identifying preterm birth were lower in the more developed city, Ribeirão Preto. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of LMP for the estimate of the post-term birth rate was very low and tended to overestimate it. LMP can be used with some errors to identify the preterm birth rate when obstetric ultrasonography is not available, but is not suitable for predicting post-term birth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the performance of Alcohol and Drug Awareness Courses provided in the ACT

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
James Thompson ◽  
Lisa Wundersitz ◽  
Simon Raftery
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Key Performance Indicators ◽  
Completion Rates ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Australian Capital ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Driving While Impaired ◽  
Before And After

Driving while impaired by alcohol or drugs is a significant road safety issue. As of November 2011, drivers in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) who have been found guilty of a drink or drug driving offence are required to undertake an Alcohol and Drug Awareness Course (ADAC) before being issued with a restricted or probationary licence. This study evaluated the performance of the ADACs. Key performance indicators on their provision (e.g. enrolments) were obtained from the ACT Government for 2012 to 2017. Surveys of knowledge and attitudes towards drink and drug driving were given to 94 attendees immediately before and after ADACs between August and November 2017. Data on drink driving detections in the ACT between 2002 and 2016 were also obtained from the ACT Government. Completion rates for ADAC attendees increased from 94% in 2012 to 98% in 2016 and 99% in the first half of 2017. Results of the surveys suggested that the courses improved attitudes towards drink driving, although this result may be unreliable due to methodological limitations. The limitations of the surveys may also have contributed to the finding that knowledge of drink and drug driving information did not improve. Finally, the introduction of ADACs has correlated with a reduction in drink driving detections in the ACT between 2012 and 2016. However, the reduction is also likely to be at least partially due to other factors (e.g. other drink driving countermeasures). Based on these findings, the ADAC program has been performing well since its inception.

scholarly journals Temporal Trends in Late Preterm and Early Term Birth Rates in 6 High-Income Countries in North America and Europe and Association With Clinician-Initiated Obstetric Interventions

JAMA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 316 (4) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Richards ◽  
Michael S. Kramer ◽  
Paromita Deb-Rinker ◽  
Jocelyn Rouleau ◽  
Laust Mortensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
High Income ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Early Term

Gestational age and adolescent mental health: evidence from Hong Kong's ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (9) ◽  
pp. 856-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Gabriel M Leung ◽  
HS Lam ◽  
C Mary Schooling
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Health And Well Being

BackgroundPreterm, and more recently early term, birth has been identified as a risk factor for poor health. Whether the sequelae of late preterm or early term birth extends to poor mental health and well-being in adolescence is unclear and has not been systematically assessed.MethodLinear regression was used to assess the adjusted associations of gestational age (very/moderate preterm (<34 weeks, n=85), late preterm (34–36 weeks, n=305), early term (37–38 weeks, n=2228), full term (39–40 weeks, n=4018), late term (41 weeks, n=809), post-term (≥42 weeks, n=213)) with self-reported self-esteem at ∼11 years (n=6935), parent-reported Rutter score assessing the common emotional and behavioural problems at ∼7 years (n=6292) and ∼11 years (n=5596) and self-reported depressive symptoms at ∼13 years (n=5795) in a population-representative Hong Kong Chinese birth cohort ‘Children of 1997’ where gestational age has little social patterning.ResultsVery/moderate preterm birth was associated with higher Rutter subscore for hyperactivity (ß coefficients 0.5, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.00) at ∼7 years but not at ∼11 years, adjusted for sex, age, socio-economic position, parents’ age at birth, birth order and secondhand smoke exposure. Similarly adjusted, late preterm, early term, late term and post-term birth were not associated with self-esteem or depressive symptoms.ConclusionsIn a population-representative birth cohort from a non-Western-developed setting, gestational age had few associations with mental health and well-being in adolescence, whereas very preterm birth was specifically associated with hyperactivity in childhood. Inconsistencies with studies from Western settings suggest setting specific unmeasured confounding may underlie any observed associations.

Recurrent preterm birth rates before and after the PROLONG Trial

2022 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. S445-S446
Author(s):  
Mackenzie N. Naert ◽  
Keizra Mecklai ◽  
Thomas F. McElrath ◽  
Sarah E. Little
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Preterm birth and nativity among Black women with gestational diabetes in California, 2013–2017: a population-based retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Scott ◽  
Brittany D. Chambers ◽  
Rebecca J. Baer ◽  
Kelli K. Ryckman ◽  
Monica R. McLemore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Despite the disproportionate prevalence of gestational diabetes (GDM) and preterm birth (PTB) and their associated adverse perinatal outcomes among Black women, little is known about PTB among Black women with GDM. Specifically, the relationship between PTB by subtype (defined as indicated PTB and spontaneous PT labor) and severity, GDM, and nativity has not been well characterized. Here we examine the risk of PTB by severity (early < 34 weeks, late 34 to 36 weeks) and early term birth (37 to 38 weeks) by nativity among Black women with GDM in California. Methods This retrospective cohort study used linked birth certificate and hospital discharge data for 8609 of the 100,691 self-identifying non-Hispanic Black women with GDM who had a singleton live birth between 20 and 44 weeks gestation in California in 2013–2017. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were examine risks for PTB, by severity and subtype, and early term birth using multivariate regression modeling. Results Approximately, 83.9% of Black women with GDM were US-born and 16.1% were foreign-born. The overall prevalence of early PTB, late PTB, and early term birth was 3.8, 9.5, and 29.9%, respectively. Excluding history of prior PTB, preeclampsia was the greatest overall risk factor for early PTB (cOR = 6.7, 95%, CI 5.3 to 8.3), late PTB (cOR = 4.3, 95%, CI 3.8 to 5.0), and early term birth (cOR = 1.8, 95%, CI 1.6 to 2.0). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of PTB by subtypes and nativity (p = 0.5963). Overall, 14.2% of US- compared to 8.9% of foreign-born women had a PTB (early PTB: aOR = 0.56, 95%, CI 0.38 to 0.82; late PTB: aOR = 0.57, 95%, CI 0.45 to 0.73; early term birth: aOR = 0.67, 95%, CI 0.58 to 0.77). Conclusions Foreign-born status remained protective of PTB, irrespective of severity and subtype. Preeclampsia, PTB, and GDM share pathophysiologic mechanisms suggesting a need to better understand differences in perinatal stress, chronic disease, and vascular dysfunction based on nativity in future epidemiologic studies and health services research.

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