scholarly journals Short rotation willow on the prairie potholes’ degraded marginal riparian lands: a potential land-use practice to manage soil salinity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayeb Shahariar ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Angela Bedard-Haughn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Groundwater Salinity ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Riparian Wetland ◽  
Short Rotation

Land-use practice shift in the wetland riparian zone can influence groundwater table (GWT) fluctuations and salts dynamics, potentially leading to soil salinization. The risk of soil salinization linked with high water tables could better manage using high growing capacity and deep-rooted phreatophytic vegetation via ‘biodrainage’ approach. We evaluated the impacts of short rotation willow (SRW) plantation on soil and groundwater salinity linked to shallow GWT fluctuations and compared with adjacent annual crop (AC) and pasture (PA) in a field experiment. Groundwater salinity (ECgw) along with depth to GWT and soil salinity (ECsoil at 0-60 cm depth) were measured along transects within each land-use practice in two prairie pothole region (PPR) wetland sites (A and B). The variations in ECgw were significant (p < 0.05) across land-uses; however, inconsistent between sites. The positive correlation with ECgw, ECsoil, and total dissolved salts (TDS) indicated higher salinity and salt accumulation with increased depth to GWT in both sites. The ECsoil varied significantly (p < 0.05) among land-use practices; however, no consistent land-use patterns were observed between sites. Throughout the experimentation, site B consistently exhibited higher ECsoil (two-fold) than site A. Decreasing inclinations were observed in ECsoil with increasing SRW biomass at both depths (i.e., 0-30 and 30-60 cm) and vice versa. This study refines our knowledge of SRW linked potential hydrological alteration and its implication on salinity, which provides critical context for degraded marginal riparian wetland soil management in the PPR.

SALINITY AND ALFALFA YIELD UNDER EFFLUENT IRRIGATION IN SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. W. JAME ◽  
V. O. BIEDERBECK ◽  
W. NICHOLAICHUK ◽  
H. C. KORVEN
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
High Water ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Wastewater Irrigation ◽  
State Condition ◽  
Steady State Condition ◽  
Effluent Irrigation

The effect of wastewater irrigation on soil salinity and crop yield was determined in a study at Swift Current, Saskatchewan. A toposequence consisting of the Orthic Regosol series, Calcareous Brown series, Orthic Brown series and Cumulic Orthic Brown series of the Birsay Association was seeded to alfalfa and irrigated with effluent from a secondary sewage lagoon. Since the applied effluent had a mean EC of 2.6 dS/m, soil salinization was a major concern. For 8 yr the four soils were sampled for salinity to a depth of 150 cm each fall. During the 8-yr period, alfalfa was sampled for dry matter yield twice each year from each soil. The results indicate that irrigation by 10–15% more than the normal recommended application rate (i.e., when low saline surface water is used for irrigation) will ensure sufficient leaching to maintain salt content in the root zone at a level not deleterious to plant growth. After 8 yr of effluent irrigation, new steady state salinity profiles were developed in the Orthic Regosol, Calcareous Brown and Orthic Brown series. At this steady state condition the salt contents in the upper 60 cm of the root zone in these three soil series were generally similar. They increased from the initial low ECe value of 0.6 dS/m to 2.5 dS/m. Salinity increased with depth toward the bottom of the root zone where the Orthic Brown series had an ECe value of 4.0 dS/m, while the Orthic Regosol and Calcareous Brown series had values of 6.0 dS/m. Effluent irrigation resulted in a small net reduction of salts in the 150-cm profile of the Orthic Regosol and the Calcareous Brown series, but caused an increase of salts in the Orthic Brown profile. In the Cumulic Orthic Brown series the salt content throughout the profile increased continually from a very low initial level, and had not reached a steady state condition after 8 yr of irrigation. The development of a high water table in this area resulted in salt movement into the root zone of the Cumulic Orthic Brown series that was distinctly higher than those of the other three series and caused alfalfa yields to decline from being highest at the start of this study to only about 80% of yields on the Orthic Brown series at the end. The observed yield reductions emphasize the importance of having adequate drainage to effect salt removal by leaching when crops are irrigated with saline sewage effluent. Key words: Wastewater irrigation, soil salinity, alfalfa yield

scholarly journals Impact of short rotation willow as riparian land-use practice on soil organic carbon fractions and composition from two contiguous wetland systems in the prairie pothole region.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayeb Shahariar ◽  
Derek Peak ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Angela Bedard-Haughn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Prairie Pothole Region ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Carbon Fractions ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Land Use Practices

Abstract Evaluating the impact of land-use practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) in the Canadian prairie pothole region (PPR) is of concern due to the potential to sequester carbon and sustaining soil health. In a field experiment, SOC content, carbon fractions, and chemical composition were assessed under short rotation willow (SRW) plantation in the marginal riparian zones of two PPR wetland sites and compared with adjacent annual crop (AC) and pasture (PA). The SOC, water extractable (WEOC), light fraction (LFOC), and particulate organic carbon (POC) were used to evaluate the content and its fractions, whereas Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to characterize the chemical composition. The SOC was higher in PA in both sites; however, significant (p < 0.05) only in site B. The SOC, LFOC, and POC followed a similar land-use pattern in both sites, i.e., PA > SRW = AC. The SOC and WEOC were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in 0–15 cm across all land-use practices. The ratios of phenolic and amides to polysaccharides were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in site A, while aromatic and carboxylic to polysaccharides were lower under SRW in both sites indicated microbial synthesis of these substances. The abundance of SOC functional groups was higher in the subsoil, accompanied by altered spectral properties with depths showing the potential soil organic matter transformation related to carbon fractions changes. The higher alkyl-C to O-alkyl-C ratio at 15–30 cm under SRW suggested a higher degree of decomposition and better SOC stability.

Soil enzyme activity as affected by land-use, salinity, and groundwater fluctuations in wetland soils of the prairie pothole region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayeb Shahariar ◽  
Bobbi Helgason ◽  
Raju Soolanayakanahally ◽  
Angela Bedard-Haughn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Prairie Pothole Region ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
Groundwater Salinity ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Land-use change and climatic variability are significant drivers for the loss of ecosystem services and soil quality in the prairie pothole region (PPR) wetland systems. Land-use induced changes in groundwater table and salinity may influence biogeochemical processes facilitated by extracellular enzymes (EEs) involved in soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. The effects of changing groundwater table and salinity on β-glucosidase (BG), N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG), and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities were assessed in wetland soils collected from three different adjacent riparian land-use practices in the PPR. In a microcosm study conducted over ten weeks, soils were treated with groundwater salinity (control, 6 mS cm− 1, and 12 mS cm− 1) and declining groundwater table depths. Extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs) differed significantly (p < 0.05) among soils from different land-uses and between groundwater table depths. The impact of groundwater salinity on soil EEAs were non-significant (p > 0.05). Soil EEAs were significantly higher in soils from pasture, suggesting that the land-use effects resulted from background SOC and TN. Soil EEAs significantly (p < 0.05) reduced under a deeper groundwater table depth, except reverse for BG in site B, indicated that the lowered groundwater table could lead to transitory drought stress for SOM decomposers.

IMPACTS OF URBAN LAND USE ON CRIME PATTERNS THROUGH GIS APPLICATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nazri Muhamad Ludin ◽  
Norsiah Abd. Aziz ◽  
Nooraini Hj Yusoff ◽  
Wan Juliyana Wan Abd Razak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Use Patterns

Land use planning plays a crucial role in creating a balance between the needs of society, physical development and the ecosystem. However, most often poor planning and displacement of land uses particularly in urban areas contribute to social ills such as drug abuse and criminal activities. This research explains the spatial relationship of drug abuse and other criminal activities on urban land use planning and their implications on the society at large. Spatial statistics was used to show patterns, trends and spatial relationships of crimes and land use planning. Data on crime incidents were obtained from the Royal Malaysia Police Department whilst cases of drug abuse were collected from the National Anti-Drug Agency (AADK). Analysis of the data together with digital land use maps produced by Arnpang Jaya Municipal Council, showed the distribution of crime incidents and drug abuse in the area. Findings of the study also indicated that, there was a strong relationship between petty crimes, drng abuse and land use patterns. These criminal activities tend to concentrate in residential and commercial areas of the study area.

Conducting “Siteless Survey”: Results from Coastal New England

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan E. Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
New England ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Statistical Validity ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Survey Strategy

Selecting an effective archaeological survey takes careful consideration given the interaction of several variables, such as the survey's goals, nature of the data base, and budget constraints. This article provides justification for a “siteless survey” using evidence from a project on Potowomut Neck in Rhode Island whose objective was not to locate sites but to examine the distribution and density of prehistoric remains to test an hypothesis related to land use patterns. The survey strategy, random walk, was chosen because it possessed the advantages of probabilistic testing, as well as the ease of locating sample units. The results were within the limits of statistical validity and were found unable to reject the hypothesis. “Siteless survey” may be successfully applied in similar contexts where the distribution and density of materials, as opposed to ambiguously defined sites, are sought as evidence of land use patterns, in particular, and human adaptation, in general.

MANAJEMEN DATA SPASIAL: PENGGUNAAN TANAH WILAYAH PEDESAAN DI SUMATERA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Afrital Rezki, S.Pd., M.Si ◽  
Erna Juita ◽  
Dasrizal Dasrizal ◽  
Arie Zella Putra Ulni
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Mixed Plantations

Perkembangan penggunaan tanah bergerak horisontal secara spasial ke arah wilayah yang mudah diusahakan. Penggunaan tanah juga bergerak secara vertikal dalam rangka menaikkan mutunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola penggunaan lahan, bagaimana manajemen penggunaan lahan di satu wilayah berdasarkan batas Nagari. Metode yang digunakan adalah analsisis spasial dengan interpretasi citra penginderaan jauh, survey lapangan, dan analisis deskriptif. Pertumbuhan pemukiman Nagari Sungai Sariak Kecamatan VII Koto Kabupaten Padang Pariaman mengakibatkan pemanfaatan ruang menjadi tumpang tindih. Diperlukan cara-cara pengelolaan dan managemen penggunaan tanah dalam rangka pembangunan berkelanjutan yang menaikkan taraf hidup masyarakat dan tidak menimbulkan kerugian lingkungan.Terdapat 9 jenis penggunaan lahan yang ada di Nagari Sungai Sariak. Penggunaan lahan tersebut adalah Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, dan Plantations. Penggunaan lahan yang paling luas di Nagari Sungai Sariak adalah jenis penggunaan lahan Primary Forest, sebesar 48% dari total luas wilayah Nagari Sungai Sariak. Pada tahun 2011 sampai tahun 2016, penggunaan lahan paling luas terjadi pada penggunaan lahan jenis Primary Forest yang kemudian menjadi Mixed Plantations. Land use Changes moved horizontally spatially towards areas that are easily cultivated. The land use also moves vertically in order to increase its quality. This study aims to analyze land use patterns, how land use management in one area is based on Nagari boundaries. The method used is spatial analysis with interpretation of remote sensing images, field surveys, and descriptive analysis. The growth of Nagari Sungai Sariak in Kecamatan VII Koto, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman resulted in overlapping use of space. Management methods are needed and management of land use in the framework of sustainable development that raises the standard of living of the community and does not cause environmental losses. There are 9 types of land use in the Nagari Sungai Sariak. The land uses are Primary Forest, Secondary Forest, Paddy Field, Settlement, Mixed Plantations, Crop Fields, Water Bodies, Bushes, and Plantations. The most extensive land use in Nagari Sungai Sariak is the type of Primary Forest land use, amounting to 48% of the total area of the Nagari Sungai Sariak. From 2011 to 2016, the most extensive land use occurred in Primary Forest land uses which later became Mixed Plantations.

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