scholarly journals Viral placentitis: morphological features and verification possibilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kolobov ◽  
V. E. Karev
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Simplex Virus

This article describes the results of own observations of viral placentitis caused by parvovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, respiratory syncytial virus and Herpesviridae family viruses – herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus), describing the morphological features of typical changes and immunohistochemical verification their etiology.

scholarly journals HCF1 and OCT2 Cooperate with EBNA1 To Enhance OriP-Dependent Transcription and Episome Maintenance of Latent Epstein-Barr Virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 5353-5367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayaraju Dheekollu ◽  
Andreas Wiedmer ◽  
Daniel Sentana-Lledo ◽  
Joel Cassel ◽  
Troy Messick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Type I ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cellular Factors ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Simplex Virus

ABSTRACTEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes latent infections as multicopy episomes with complex patterns of viral gene transcription and chromatin structure. The EBV origin of plasmid replication (OriP) has been implicated as a critical control element for viral transcription, as well as viral DNA replication and episome maintenance. Here, we examine cellular factors that bind OriP and regulate histone modification, transcription regulation, and episome maintenance. We found that OriP is enriched for histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation in multiple cell types and latency types. Host cell factor 1 (HCF1), a component of the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) histone methyltransferase complex, and transcription factor OCT2 (octamer-binding transcription factor 2) bound cooperatively with EBNA1 (Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1) at OriP. Depletion of OCT2 or HCF1 deregulated latency transcription and histone modifications at OriP, as well as the OriP-regulated latency type-dependent C promoter (Cp) and Q promoter (Qp). HCF1 depletion led to a loss of histone H3K4me3 (trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4) and H3 acetylation at Cp in type III latency and Qp in type I latency, as well as an increase in heterochromatic H3K9me3 at these sites. HCF1 depletion resulted in the loss of EBV episomes from Burkitt's lymphoma cells with type I latency and reactivation from lymphoblastoid cells (LCLs) with type III latency. These findings indicate that HCF1 and OCT2 function at OriP to regulate viral transcription, histone modifications, and episome maintenance. As HCF1 is best known for its function in herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) immediate early gene transcription, our findings suggest that EBV latency transcription shares unexpected features with HSV gene regulation.IMPORTANCEEBV latency is associated with several human cancers. Viral latent cycle gene expression is regulated by the epigenetic control of the OriP enhancer region. Here, we show that cellular factors OCT2 and HCF1 bind OriP in association with EBNA1 to maintain elevated histone H3K4me3 and transcriptional enhancer function. HCF1 is known as a transcriptional coactivator of herpes simplex virus (HSV) immediate early (IE) transcription, suggesting that OriP enhancer shares aspects of HSV IE transcription control.

Epstein - Barr virus epidemiology in HIV infected transsexuals

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sadia Salahuddin ◽  
Joharia Azhar ◽  
Hasham Akhtar ◽  
Jabbar Khan ◽  
Noor Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Objectives: To molecularly characterise the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus genotypes and Pashtun ethnicity. Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to December 2019 after approval from the Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, and comprised blood samples from transgender sex workers who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus-1 and seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus residing in two cities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and Islamabad, the federal capital. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were collected retrospectively, but collection of blood samples from the study subjects was purely on the basis of physical availability. ?-globin gene and EBER-1 were amplified for qualitative assessment and existence of Epstein-Barr virus. Characterisation of EBNA-2 was done through nested polymerase chain reaction. Results: Of the 80 subjects, 40(50%) each were seropositive and seronegative individuals. The overall mean age was 28±6.917 years. Among the seropositive group, 38(95%) were homosexual and 2(5%) were heterosexual. Among the seropositive group, 16(40%) had Epstein-Barr virus genotype 1 and 6(15%) had genotype 2, while co-infections were found in 2(5%) subjects. In the seronegative group, 36(90%) subjects had Epstein-Barr virus genotype 1, while there was no case of genotype 2 or co-infection. EBV-2 genotypes with HIV seropositivity showed strong association (p=0.005). Amplification for the EBER-1 gene was done in all the 80(100%) samples. Conclusion: Epstein-Barr virus EBV genotype 1 was found to be the most frequent type, while genotype 2 and co-infections were detected only seropositive samples. Continuous...

scholarly journals Pancytopenia Secondary to SARS-CoV 2 Infection-A Case Reprt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Sharma ◽  
Rajat Shukla ◽  
Rachna Warrier ◽  
Kunal Kumar ◽  
Nalin Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Pancytopenia is a condition when person has low count of all three types of blood cells causing a triage of anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. It should not be considered as a disease in itself but rather the sign of a disease that needs to be further evaluated. Among the various causes, viral infections like Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus and Parvovirus B19 have been implicated. Pancytopenia is a rare complication and not commonly seen in patients with COVID 19 disease. Here, we report a case of pancytopenia in previously immunocompetent elderly male patient with SARS-CoV2 infection.

scholarly journals Profound CD4+ T lymphocytopenia in human immunodeficiency virus negative individuals, improved with anti-human herpes virus treatment

2012 ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Lilia Diaz Betancourth ◽  
Julio Cesar Klinger ◽  
Victoria Eugenia Niño
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Herpès Virus

Lymphocytopenia and CD4+ T lymphocytopenia can be associated with many bacterial, fungal, parasite and viral infections. They can also be found in autoimmune and neoplastic diseases, common variable immu­nodeficiency syndrome, physical, psychological and traumatic stress, malnutrition and immunosuppressive therapy. Besides, they can also be brought into relation, without a known cause, with idiopathic CD4+ T lym­phocytopenia. Among viral infections, the Retrovirus, specially the human immunodeficiency virus, is the most frequently cause. However, many acute viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus can be associated with transient lymphocytopenia and CD4+ T lymphocytopenia. As is well known, transient lymphocytopenia and CD4+ T lymphocytopenia are temporary and overcome when the disease improves. Nonetheless, severe CD4+ T Lymphocytopenia associated with chronic infections by human herpes virus has not been reported. We describe 6 cases of human immunodeficiency virus negative patients, with chronic cytomegalovirus and Epstein Barr virus infections and profound lymphocytopenia with clinical symptoms of cellular immunodeficiency. These patients improved rapidly with ganciclovir or valganciclovir treatment. We claim here that it is important to consider the chronic human herpes virus infection in the differential diag­nosis of profoundly CD4+ T lymphocytopenia etiology, when human immunodeficiency virus is absent, in order to start effective treatment and to determine, in future studies, the impact of chronic human herpes virus infection in human beings’ health.

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