scholarly journals DIVERSITY OF POLISH REGIONS IN THE LEVEL OF TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Iwona Pomianek
Keyword(s):  
Road Construction ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Industrial Mining ◽  
The One ◽  
Urbanized Region

The study aims to identify spatial diversity and possible concentrations of 16 Polish regions regarding their infrastructure development levels in the period of 2005–2018. Measuring development of technical infrastructure requires the use of several variables due to its multidimensional character. It justifies the use of multivariate analysis. Based on the method of Hellwig’s development measure, three groups of regions were defined. Five of the analysed regions did not change their position in the 2018 ranking as compared to 2005. These were regions from the top three: Śląskie, Dolnośląskie and Małopolskie (south-western Poland), as well as two regions in the class with the lowest level of technical infrastructure development: Warmińsko-Mazurskie and Podlaskie (north-eastern Poland). Although the leader of both rankings, Śląski region, took the most favourable values in 2018 concerning density and quality of roads, density of railway lines or green areas in towns, as a typically industrial, mining-related, intensely urbanized region is has needed to cope with a serious problem with air pollution, relating from the smallest amount of gas pollution retained or neutralized. In the other side, the two weakest regions were characterised by valuable environmental conditions (Warmińsko-Mazurskie) and a large share of agricultural area (Podlaskie). These natural and economic conditions may, on the one hand, prevent the development of technical infrastructure (e.g. road construction in Natura 2000 areas), and on the other hand, maintenance of such infrastructure could be unprofitable for both local government units and its users.

Vorhabenplanung durch Gesetz

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ziekow
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
The Other ◽  
German Unification ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Climate Protection ◽  
Inland Waterways ◽  
The Road ◽  
Planning Procedure ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The One

In its “Climate Protection Program 2030”, the German Federal Government has brought an instrument back to life which was last used after the German unification to speed up infrastructure development: the approval of traffic infrastructure projects by laws on measures rather than by plan approval decision. As a result of the faster expansion of rail and inland waterways, as much traffic as possible should be shifted from the road to these modes of transport. In preparation for these legislative steps, a study has been commissioned by the Federal Ministry of Transport, which has been reproduced in this volume. On the one hand, it analyses in detail the constitutional requirements under which such measures are permitted. On the other hand, it develops proposals for the distribution of tasks between the actors in a planning procedure concluding with a legislative act.

Defluoridation of Algerian Drinking Water by Precipitation and Adsorption Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Samia Achour ◽  
Leila Youcef
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
The One

The aim of the study was to investigate performance of precipitation and adsorption methods in removing excessive fluoride from water samples collected from Algerian North-Eastern Sahara. Defluoridation processes were conducted using one the one hand lime and on the other hand a raw and activated bentonite from western Algeria. Results showed that high lime dosage was needed to achieve treatment but the presence of high levels of magnesium was beneficial for the defluoridation. Activated bentonite had higher fluoride removal capacity than raw bentonite and resulted in residual fluoride concentrations well within recommended standards. Both defluoridation methods were dependent on inorganic quality of tested waters.

scholarly journals UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE MAZOWIECKIE VOIVODESHIP – EFFECTS AND METHODS OF LIMITATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Marzena Kacprzak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population ◽  
The One ◽  
The Unemployed

Unemployment is an economic phenomenon where part of the working-age population are unable to find jobs despite seeking employment. The actual job search amongst the unemployed can be more or less intense. The Mazowieckie Voivodeship is characterized by high spatial diversity in the standard of living of the inhabitants and the conditions of economic development. On the one hand, the voivodeship boasts the highly economically developed capital of the country, on the other, there are medium or relatively underdeveloped areas. The aim of the article is to indicate the range of the phenomenon of unemployment in the Mazowieckie Voivodeship and to indicate the effects and methods of reducing it. The concept of unemployment is presented, the research methodology is outlined and the unemployment of Mazowieckie Voivodeship is analysed.

scholarly journals Conditions of Spatial Diversity of Registered and Actual Populations at a Local Level in Poland

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Andrzej Raczyk
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Population Migration ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
The One

Conditions of Spatial Diversity of Registered and Actual Populations at a Local Level in Poland The observed lack of conformity between the population measured by category of registration for permanent residence and the actual population is on the one hand a consequence of the limitations connected with public statistics and on the other it is the result of increasing temporary spatial mobility. Beside the scale of this phenomenon, its spatial dimension is particularly significant as, together with official statistics concerning population inflow and outflow, it defines the real intensity and directions of migration.The basic objective of this study was to examine the scale and conditions connected with the shaping of spatial diversities between the size of registered and actual populations. The analysis was conducted, above all, in relation to economic factors creating these differences. The analysis was carried out in relation to the units of LAU2 level in Poland.The conducted analysis indicated that economic and education-related conditions played an important role in the shaping of temporary registered migration. This also confirmed the existence of a link between temporary registered migration and human capital as well as the level of economic development of particular regions. Spatial structure of temporary registered migration was similar to non-registered migration structure. Thus, it may help define general directions of informal population migration.

Variable deletion of French /l/: linguistic, social and stylistic factors

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Linguistic Variables ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Definite Articles ◽  
Subject Clitics ◽  
Linguistic Constraints ◽  
The One

ABSTRACTThis article considers variable /l/-deletion in the French definite articles, subject clitic pronouns and in one frequent phono-lexical context, exemplified by table ‘table’ and ronfle ‘snore’. It reports the treatment of /l/ by a sample of secondary schoolchildren from Lorraine in north-eastern France. The definite articles and subject clitics are considered on the one hand in relation to the linguistic constraints which influence /l/-deletion, and on the other to the extra-linguistic variables of age, sex and speech style. Variable /l/-deletion in the phono-lexical context referred to above is examined principally in relation to the lexical input which influences /l/-deletion. Finally, we consider whether the sociolinguistic patterns reported here are indicative of linguistic change in progress, or whether the effects observed are revelatory rather of attitudes to non-standard linguistic forms inculcated in speakers by normative French pedagogy.

Prospects of India-European Union Cooperation in Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-258
Author(s):  
Kamil Zajączkowski ◽  
Arvind Kumar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
The One ◽  
Trade And Investment

In the contemporary geopolitical environment, this article outlines the issues and challenges faced by Africa and explores India–EU cooperation in addressing them. An attempt has been made to analyse this cooperation within the context of dynamic changes taking place in Africa. On the one hand, the essence of the phenomenon of Africa as a potential market is presented; on the other hand, it is depicted as a continent of challenges and threats. These factors have been assessed and analysed independent of China’s growing role in Africa. While describing both EU and India’s engagements in Africa, the article outlines specific areas of cooperation including defence and security, development cooperation, trade and investment, infrastructure development, climate challenges, and strengthening institutions of democracy.

scholarly journals Sustainable Customized Consolidation Design of Kuin Riverside Kampong Regeneration in Banjarmasin, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 07001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Design ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The One ◽  
Main Component

On the one hand, the hyper-urbanization phenomenon gives numerous advancements in urban living quality, yet on the other hand, it also raises an equal amount of problems. Environmental issues come in the form of density issues, the existence of slums, floods, social inequality, and urban architectural identity. As a city with “City of a Thousand Rivers” as its brand, Banjarmasin now faces a shift in an urban architectural image from a river based city to a land-based city due to the rapid land-based infrastructure development. This resulted in the degradation of environmental and architectural quality of river-based village (kampong) settlement, the main component of Banjarmasin river front city, due to a strong paradigm shift. Kuin, a river side residential area/riverside tourist destination that is currently experiencing a degradation of environmental quality and place identity, is undergoing an urban renewal. Unfortunately, the policy approaches to urban planning that has been implemented are based on general formal guidelines; guidelines which do not take the informal nature of kampong river-side settlements, due to the lack of guidelines based on riverside place identity. This paper aims to explore the characteristics of riverside settlement using architectural image observation method, space syntax method for analyzing settlement configuration genotype, connectivity, interface and interlink territory integration, as well as questionnaire and interview methods to assess the perceptions of residents and municipal authorities. From the results of this research, five compositions forms have been identified: attachment to riverside settlement identity in the form of pilling, spanning, floating, embracing, and ascending with elements such as waterfront alleys, jukung (traditional boat), lanting (floating houses) as well as floating traditional markets that serves as the frame to the configuration. The identification process is done by using the approach of observing the spaceuse appropriation and the space-user perception on how to consider its sustainability aspect as a means to determine a level of adjustment. The result shows that self organized and self customized kampong residents and tourist are aware towards the river environment, the assets of local floating markets as well as the local social space. On the other hand, municipal authorities gave more attention to formal normative and regulative aspects. This analysis is used as the basis for recommendations for kampong riverside settlement design consolidation, which is done through guided participatory design workshops. The result of this study is constructed as a concept for urban riverfront composition architecture, amphibious space territory, and urban riverfront settlement identity and expected to be able to further advance the knowledge surrounding the subject of urbanism and territoriality.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Radioimmunotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
R. G. Meyer ◽  
W. Herr ◽  
A. Helisch ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
I. Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Primary Reduction ◽  
The One ◽  
Acute Myeloid

SummaryThe prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has improved considerably by introduction of aggressive consolidation chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nevertheless, only 20-30% of patients with AML achieve long-term diseasefree survival after SCT. The most common cause of treatment failure is relapse. Additionally, mortality rates are significantly increased by therapy-related causes such as toxicity of chemotherapy and complications of SCT. Including radioimmunotherapies in the treatment of AML and myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) allows for the achievement of a pronounced antileukaemic effect for the reduction of relapse rates on the one hand. On the other hand, no increase of acute toxicity and later complications should be induced. These effects are important for the primary reduction of tumour cells as well as for the myeloablative conditioning before SCT.This paper provides a systematic and critical review of the currently used radionuclides and immunoconjugates for the treatment of AML and MDS and summarizes the literature on primary tumour cell reductive radioimmunotherapies on the one hand and conditioning radioimmunotherapies before SCT on the other hand.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document