scholarly journals Poverty and its Alleviating Strategies among Rural Farming Households in Benue State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21(36) (2) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Samuel Upev ◽  
Amurtiya Michael ◽  
Shuaibu Mshelia ◽  
Justice Onu
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Farming Households

The study analysed rural farming households’ poverty status and alleviating strategies in Benue State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to: describes the rural household heads’ socio-economic characteristics; determine the poverty status of the respondents and its determinants; and identify poverty alleviating strategies of the respondents. Data for the study was collected from 420 respondents selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty measurement index, and the Binary Logistic regression model. The findings of the study revealed a very high incidence of poverty (70%), having a gap of 0.34, and severity of 0.17. Poverty in the area is positively associated with the age of the household head and household size, while gender, educational level, off-farm activity, membership of a group, farm size, and land ownership are negatively associated with poverty. The common poverty alleviation strategies identified were agricultural wage labour (48.6%), rental services (45.0%), and transportation business (36.7%). Therefore, it was recommended that the government and other stakeholders should initiate sustainable social protection schemes that can assist rural residents in alleviating poverty until their condition improves.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY IN RURAL ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amurtiya Michael ◽  
Abdu Karniliyus Tashikalma ◽  
David Chinda Maurice ◽  
Ahmadu Abubakar Tafida
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Household Heads

This study assessed multidimensional poverty in rural parts of Adamawa state, Nigeria. Specifically, the study objectives were to: describe the respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics, determine their multidimensional poverty status, and identify the determinants of multidimensional poverty in the sampled communities. Multi-stage cluster sampling technique was used to collect primary data from 480 household heads selected from 16 villages across the study area. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, Multidimensional Poverty Analytical Tool (MPAT), and Binary Logistic regression model. The respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics described in the study showed that the mean age was 46.3 years, while the average household size was 7 persons. The study indicated that most (86.7%) of the respondents were male, who are mostly married (91.7%), and that majority (74%) are educated. The distribution of the respondents’ multidimensional poverty status revealed that majority (61.7%) of the households were poor. The study revealed that multidimensional poverty in the study area is influenced negatively by age, marital status, and household size. Similarly, gender, educational level, livelihood activities, farm size, livestock ownership, remittance, membership of group, and access to credit positively influence multidimensional poverty. Key among the recommendations of the study is the adequate provision of basic infrastructure in the area.

scholarly journals THE ISSUE OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AMONG RURAL FARMING HOUSEHOLDS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM KWARA STATE, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Felix Akinrinde ◽  
Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho ◽  
Israel Ogulande
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Farming Families ◽  
The Government

The rising incidences of poverty among rural farming families are the reason behind renewed interest in income diversification. This study determined the level of income diversification; identified alternative income sources; examined the reasons for diversification; and identified the constraints to diversification. A three-stage random sampling technique was used in selecting 160 households on which a structured interview schedule was administered. Descriptive statistics, a Likert-type scale, and the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation were used for data analyses. Findings reveal that 1.3% of the households had no additional sources of income while 40.6% had at least four. Trading (55%) and livestock keeping (40.7%) were the most popular alternative income sources. The declining farm income (mean = 2.96) was the primary reason for diversification, while poor rural infrastructure (mean = 3.04) was the most severe constraint to income diversification. Farm size, access to extension services, household size, age and educational level of the household head were significantly related to the level of income diversification at p < 0.05. The study concluded that the level of income diversification was high and influenced by socioeconomic characteristics of the households. It recommends that the government should provide adequate infrastructural facilities in rural areas. Farmer associations should also ensure better prices for agricultural produce through joint marketing.

scholarly journals Assessment of expenditure on food among urban households and it’s implication for food security: Evidence from Benue State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (62) ◽  
pp. 8748-8760
Author(s):  
TR Iorlamen ◽  
◽  
GA Abu ◽  
WL Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Demand ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Security Index ◽  
The Government ◽  
Household Heads

The study assessed expenditure on food among urban households in Benue State of Nigeria. This was done with the view to assess household food expenditure and its implications for food security status of the households; identify and assess determinants that influence household food demand; and analyze the determinants of food security of household urban population. The selection of the sample for the study involved a three-stage sampling technique. Data was collected from 150 households through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, food security index, multiple linear regression and logit regression were employed to analyze data. The results indicated a mean household expenditure on food that stands at N21,748.00 40.3 USD) per month. Based on the food security index the households that spent at least N14, 498.67 (93.5 USD) on food per month were categorized as food secure and those who spent below this value were categorized as food insecure. Furthermore, 67.3% of the households were food secure, while 32.7% were food insecure. The study revealed that size of household, income of the household head and price of food comodities were identified as major factors influencing household food demand decisions in the study area. Moreover, size of the household and income of the household head were the main determinants of food demand in the study area (F = 19.78; p ≤ 0.05) just as age and income of household head as well as household size influence the probability that a household will be food secure(χ2 = 13.77; p > 0.05). The study recommends that household heads should be educated on the need to control family size and to be self-empowered without necessarily depending on government as a way of enhancing their income to improve the household and economic conditions. The government should strengthen its policy on grain reserves in order to control food prices during scarcity and subsidize farm i nputs and availability to boost food production and thus lower food prices.

scholarly journals Determinants of Climate Change Awareness among Rural Farming Households in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5(J)) ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oduniyi Oluwaseun Samuel ◽  
Antwi Micheal ◽  
Busisiwe Nkonki-Mandleni
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
African Countries ◽  
North West ◽  
Climate Change Information ◽  
Farming Households

Climate change and rural livelihood capitals remain the major inextricable dimensions of sustainability in this twenty-first century globally. It is known to be an important challenge facing food security status among African countries. Additionally, it is an indisputable fact that climate change and agriculture are intertwined. In view of this, climate change awareness needs to be strengthened in the rural farming households. The study was carried out in Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality, in the North West Province of South Africa to determine awareness of climate change. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select three hundred and forty-six (346) farmers who were interviewed from the study area. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). The binary logistic regression model was employed to analyse the factors driving climate change awareness. The study established that majority of the rural farmers in the study area aware of climate change, in which farm size, education, who owns the farm, information received on climate change, source of climate change information, climate change information through extension services, channel of information received on climate change and support received on climate change are statistically significant (p<0.05) determinants of climate change awareness in the study area.

scholarly journals Poverty status and its determinants in rural households of Enda-mohoni woreda, Northern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-744
Author(s):  
Abadi Alemaw ◽  
Dagnew Kalayu ◽  
Kibrom Kahsu ◽  
Hadush Redae
Keyword(s):  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Tigray Region ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Index Estimation

This research generates specific, contextualized identification of existing poverty status and poverty causing factors in Enda-mohoni woreda in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Agroecology based cluster sampling technique was employed to select 154 household heads. Logit model was used to analyze household poverty status and FGT poverty index estimation model for poverty incidence analysis. The poverty analysis found a 30.9% headcount ratio, 4.4% poverty gap ratio, and 1% poverty severity. Furthermore, the result of the logistic regression revealed that among the explanatory variables used in the model, family size and agroecological location of the household head were found to positively influence HHs' poverty status at (P<0.01) and (P<0.05) respectively. Whereas, owning livestock and marital status of the HHH were found to negatively influence HHs' poverty status at (P<0.05) and (P<0.1) respectively. It is with appropriate policies that recognize the importance of poverty features and trends would it be possible for more people to make positive exits from poverty risk.

scholarly journals Gender analysis of educational inequality among rural children of school-age in Kwara State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-274
Author(s):  
R.O. Babatunde ◽  
A.E. Omoniwa ◽  
M.N. Ukemenam
Keyword(s):  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
Household Heads

Abstract. Educational inequality has been accepted widely as an indicator of wellbeing. However, in most developing countries, very little attention has been paid to it. This article examined the gender differences in educational inequality among rural children of school-age in Kwara state, Nigeria. Using a three-stage random sampling technique, 200 rural households were sampled for data collection. Analytical tools used are descriptive statistics, the Gini-coefficient and the Ordinary Least Square regression analysis. The result of the analysis showed educational inequality for boys and girls was 0.4 and 0.5, respectively. Educational inequality among children of school-age was significantly determined by the age of household heads, education status of the household heads, marital status, main occupation of the household head, household size, dependency ratio, farm size, cost of schooling, average time spent by children in farm work and asset-base of the households. It was therefore recommended that strategies that will promote mothers’ education be put in place as well as the provision of accessible credit schemes. This can help in the hiring of labour for farm and non-farm businesses thereby increasing production, while providing the household with more funds to enroll their children in schools.

Effect of Fadama III programme on poverty status of rice farming households in Patigi local government area of Kwara state, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
AH Adenuga ◽  
OA Omotesho ◽  
RO Babatunde ◽  
DP Popoola ◽  
G Opeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Tobit Regression Analysis ◽  
Farming Households

Concern about the menace posed by poverty has led the Nigerian government over the years to devote considerable attentions to alleviating its scourge through various aids and programmes. However, little is known as to the extent to which the objectives of these programmes have been achieved. This study was therefore carried out to examine the micro level effect of the National Fadama III Programme on poverty status of rice farming households in Patigi Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. A purposive- two stage random sampling technique was used to select 60 beneficiaries and 60 non-beneficiaries of the programme using a well structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Foster Greer Thorbecke model and the Tobit regression model were the major analytical tools employed. The results obtained from the headcount indices showed that, 33% and 60% of the beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries respectively are poor. The poverty gap indices were 0.36 and 0.45 for Fadama III and non Fadama III farmers respectively while the squared poverty gap was 0.17 and 0.22 respectively. The result of the Paired t-test showed that the National Fadama III programme impacted positively and significantly on the beneficiaries’ welfare. The Tobit regression analysis revealed, that household size, farm income, educational level of the household head, age and beneficiary status were the major determinants of poverty in the study area. Based on findings of the study, it was recommended that farming households especially women should be given increased access to programmes such as the National fadama III programme to improve their welfare and increase agricultural production in the country.Keywords: Fadama III; poverty; Tobit; Beneficiaries; Patigi

scholarly journals Determinants of Poverty Status among Crop and Fish Farmers in Southern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
I. O. Ettah ◽  
E. Agbachom Emmanuel ◽  
Ajigo Ikutal ◽  
Godwin Michael Ubi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Crop Farming ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Poverty Indicators ◽  
Farming Households ◽  
Education Credit

The research study was carried out to determine the poverty status and their determinants among crop and fish farmers in Itu Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. A two-stage sampling technique was adopted to select crop farmers and fish farmers’ households in the study area. The data used for this study were obtained from primary sources. Data were obtained through validated structured questionnaires. The determinant of poverty among crop farmers and fish farmers was analyzed using logistic regression, while poverty indicators were analyzed using the three indicators of poverty as highlighted in the Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) model. Result of analysis on the incidence of poverty shows that about 52.5% of crop farmers and 62.5% of fish farmers in the area had their per capita income less than the poverty line income. The result also showed that poverty depths of 0.342 for crop farmers and 0.309 for fish farmers in the area. Similarly, the severity of the poverty index was 0.252 for crop farming households and 0.221 for fish farmers’ headed households. On the determinants of crop farmers, gender, age, marital status education, farm size and membership of association were all found to be positive and significant determinants, while education, credit, farm income and experience were the positive and significant determinant of poverty among fish farmers in the area. The following are recommended: credit delivery mechanism which is without or with very minimal stringent conditions (such as the provision of collateral) targeting the poor crop farming and fishing households should be implemented and improved crop farmers/fishermen access to technological information.

scholarly journals Assessment of hired labour use and food security among rural farming households in Kwara State, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemi Omotesho ◽  
Azeez Muhammad-Lawal ◽  
Damilare Ismaila
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Extension Education ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Older Farmers ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Farming Households

This study examined the relationship between hired labour use and food security among rural farming households in Kwara State, Nigeria. It determined the food security status of rural farming households and investigated the determinants of hired labour use. A four-stage random sampling technique was used to select 135 rural farming households from which data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and the Tobit regression model were the analytical tools used for the study. The study revealed that only about half of the households (51.1%) were food secure and that there is a positive correlation between the hired labour use and their food security status. Dependency ratio, age and educational qualification of the household head, total household size, and household income significantly influenced hired labour use (p<0.01). The study recommends the need for agricultural credit schemes in Nigeria to accord higher priority to older farmers and poor rural households. In addition, extension education which emphasizes agriculture as a business rather than a mere way of life should be promoted among farmers.

scholarly journals Technical Inefficiency Determinants in Potato Production: The case of Potato Farmers in Central Highlands of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hailu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Land Fragmentation

The study identified the factors that cause variation in the level of efficiency in potato production. The study used household level cross sectional data collected in 2015/16 from 196 sample farmers selected by multistage sampling technique. For the data collection, a personally administered structured questionnaire was used. In the analyses, descriptive statistics, a stochastic frontier model (SFM) and a two-limit Tobit regression model were employed. Tobit model revealed that technical efficiency was positively and significantly affected by education, land tenure status, extension service, credit and soil fertility whereas variables such as sex of household head, age of household head, farm size and land fragmentation affected it negatively. Therefore the study suggested the need for policies to discourage land fragmentation and promote education, extension visits, access to credit and soil fertility for improvement in technical efficiency.

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