scholarly journals Petasites kablikianus (Asteraceae) in the Slovak Carpathians: Distribution, chromosome number and genome size

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Matej Dudas ◽  
Jana Fabianova ◽  
Lenka Martonfiova ◽  
Pavol Martonfi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Mountain Streams ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Research Show

The paper treats the distribution and ecological characteristics of the butterbur species Petasites kablikianus in the Slovak Carpathians (Central Europe). Study of herbarium specimens, review of published sources and results of field research show its wide distribution in northern and central Slovakia, mainly in wet biotopes such as gravel riverbeds and rocky banks of mountain streams. The majority of populations occur from the submontane to montane level (mainly at elevations of 600-1200 m a.s.l.) with the altitudinal maximum at ca. 1850 m a.s.l. Chromosome number analysis showed 2n = 60. The nuclear DNA content measured in leaves was 2C = 5.96 ? 0.17 pg, or 5828 Mbp. Characters used for determination are also discussed. A distribution map is attached.

Distribution and chromosome number of Sonchus palustris in Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
M. Dudáš ◽  
P. Eliáš jun. ◽  
D. R. Letz ◽  
Z. Bártová ◽  
V. Kolarčik
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Red List ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Recent Version

The distribution of Sonchus palustris in Slovakia was studied using herbarium specimens and literary sources. The herbarium studies, supplemented with targeted field search in the years 2015–2018, revealed 61 new localities and confirmed many other older locations. The species has been recorded in 19 phytogeographical districts and sub-districts of Slovakia. Most of the records are concentrated in the Podunajská nížina lowland in SW Slovakia and in the Ipel'sko-rimavská brázda region in southern Slovakia. Our results showed that the species is relatively common in different types of wetlands and its re-evaluation in the recent version of the Slovak red list is not needed. Chromosome number data for two new populations in eastern Slovakia (both 2n = 18) were counted. The distribution map is given.

Correlation between flow cytometric determination of nuclear DNA content and chromosome number in somatic hybrids within Brassicaceae

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Fahleson ◽  
Johan Dixelius ◽  
Eva Sundberg ◽  
Kristina Glimelius
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Somatic Hybrids ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Flow Cytometric

scholarly journals Distribution of Spring Ephemeral Grass Sclerochloa dura in Slovakia

Botanica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
Matej Dudáš ◽  
Pavol Eliáš ◽  
Simona Petrovičová
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
The Public ◽  
Spring Ephemeral ◽  
Characteristic Species

AbstractThe distribution of spring ephemeral grass Sclerochloa dura in Slovakia was studied using herbarium specimens deposited at the public herbaria, and literature sources. The targeted field research was carried out. The species was recorded continually in the Pannonian parts of the country in lowlands, hills and in lower parts of adjacent mountains, where the number of sites decreased with a rising altitude. Sclerochloa dura is a characteristic species of the alliance Polygono-Coronopodion and prefers trampled sites and field roads. Distribution map of species was provided.

scholarly journals Unconventional vegetables collected in Brazil: chromosome number and description of nuclear DNA content

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Felipe Lima e Silva ◽  
Vânia Helena Techio ◽  
Luciane Vilela Resende ◽  
Guilherme Tomaz Braz ◽  
Kátia Ferreira Marques de Resende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content

Nuclear DNA content variation among perennial taxa of the genus Cyanus (Asteraceae) in Central Europe and adjacent areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 298 (8) ◽  
pp. 1463-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Olšavská ◽  
Marián Perný ◽  
Stanislav Španiel ◽  
Barbora Šingliarová
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Content Variation ◽  
Dna Content Variation

scholarly journals Chromosome Number, Ploidy Level, and Nuclear DNA Content in 23 Species of Echeveria (Crassulaceae)

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1950
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Palomino ◽  
Javier Martínez-Ramón ◽  
Verónica Cepeda-Cornejo ◽  
Miriam Ladd-Otero ◽  
Patricia Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Dna Amounts

Echeveria is a polyploid genus with a wide diversity of species and morphologies. The number of species registered for Echeveria is approximately 170; many of them are native to Mexico. This genus is of special interest in cytogenetic research because it has a variety of chromosome numbers and ploidy levels. Additionally, there are no studies concerning nuclear DNA content and the extent of endopolyploidy. This work aims to investigate the cytogenetic characteristics of 23 species of Echeveria collected in 9 states of Mexico, analyzing 2n chromosome numbers, ploidy level, nuclear DNA content, and endopolyploidy levels. Chromosome numbers were obtained from root tips. DNA content was obtained from the leaf parenchyma, which was processed according to the two-step protocol with Otto solutions and propidium iodide as fluorochrome, and then analyzed by flow cytometry. From the 23 species of Echeveria analyzed, 16 species lacked previous reports of 2n chromosome numbers. The 2n chromosome numbers found and analyzed in this research for Echeveria species ranged from 24 to 270. The range of 2C nuclear DNA amounts ranged from 1.26 pg in E. catorce to 7.70 pg in E. roseiflora, while the 1C values were 616 Mbp and 753 Mbp, respectively, for the same species. However, differences in the level of endopolyploidy nuclei were found, corresponding to 4 endocycles (8C, 16C, 32C and 64C) in E. olivacea, E. catorce, E. juarezensis and E. perezcalixii. In contrast, E. longiflora presented 3 endocycles (8C, 16C and 32C) and E. roseiflora presented 2 endocycles (8C and 16C). It has been suggested that polyploidization and diploidization processes, together with the presence of endopolyploidy, allowed Echeveria species to adapt and colonize new adverse environments.

scholarly journals Karyotype characterization and nuclear DNA content measurement in Bromeliaceae: State of the art and future perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1849-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREI C.P. NUNES ◽  
WELLINGTON R. CLARINDO
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Basic Chromosome Number ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Content Measurement ◽  
2C Dna Content

In Bromeliaceae, cytogenetic and flow cytometry analyses have been performed to clarify systematic and evolutionary aspects. Karyotyping approaches have shown the relatively high chromosome number, similar morphology and small size of the chromosomes. These facts have prevented a correct chromosome counting and characterization. Authors have established a basic chromosome number of x = 25 for Bromeliaceae. Recently, one karyomorphological analysis revealed that x = 25 is no longer the basic chromosome number, whose genome may have a polyploid origin. Besides cytogenetic characterization, the 2C DNA content of bromeliads has been measured. Nuclear DNA content has varied from 2C = 0.60 to 2C = 3.34 picograms. Thus, in relation to most angiosperms, the 2C DNA content of Bromeliaceae species as well as their chromosome size can be considered relatively small. In spite of some advances, cytogenetic and flow cytometry data are extremely scarce in this group. In this context, this review reports the state of the art in karyotype characterization and nuclear DNA content measurement in Bromeliaceae, emphasizing the main problems and suggesting prospective solutions and ideas for future research.

Nuclear DNA content and chromosome number in somatic hybrid allopolyploids of Solanum

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Szczerbakowa ◽  
Justyna Tarwacka ◽  
Elwira Sliwinska ◽  
Bernard Wielgat
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Somatic Hybrid ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content

scholarly journals Karyotype evolution in Helianthemum (Cistaceae): dysploidy, achiasmate meiosis and ecological specialization in H. squamatum, a true gypsophile

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abelardo Aparicio ◽  
Marcial Escudero ◽  
Ana Valdés-Florido ◽  
Miguel Pachón ◽  
Encarnación Rubio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Karyotype Evolution ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Ecological Specialization ◽  
Genome Reorganization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Stressful Environments

Abstract Helianthemum squamatum is a specialist gypsophile, the only species of a recently diverged lineage in subgenus Helianthemum characterized by having the lowest chromosome number in the genus (n = 5). With the hypothesis of great genome reorganization in the lineage of H. squamatum, we (1) modelled the evolution of the chromosome number in the genus Helianthemum, (2) analysed the karyotype and the nuclear DNA content of H. squamatum and its sister species H. syriacum (n = 10) and (3) studied in detail the meiotic process of H. squamatum. Our analyses show that: (1) the rate of chromosome losses in the lineage that gave rise to H. squamatum is 100 times higher than in the genus as a whole; (2) compared to its sister species, H. squamatum has a more symmetric karyotype composed of longer metacentric chromosomes and retains c. 80% of its nuclear DNA content and (3) achiasmatic behaviour of chromosomes occurs during microsporogenesis despite full synapsis. Our results are in agreement with previous knowledge showing that reduced chromosome numbers in determinate lineages are found in short-lived species adapted to stressful environments, and we suggest that a combination of fewer chromosomes, a smaller genome, a shorter life cycle and the suppression of meiotic recombination can together contribute to the maintenance of those advantageous allelic combinations that makes H. squamatum a true gypsophile, enabling the individual plants to cope with the harshness imposed by dry gypsum soils.

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