Sex, gender and Christian identity in the patristic era

Focusing on three historical examples of a different understanding of Christian identity, the paper seeks to address the role of contemporary concepts of sex and gender in the creation of Christian identity. In the first case study, focused on the literary representations of the Christian martyrdom from the second and third centuries, special emphasis is placed on the demand for the ?manly? or ?masculine? way of witnessing faith. The second historical example relates to the creation of a wider ascetic movement in the fourth-century Asia Minor, and its specific focus is on Macrina the Younger. In her Vita, Gregory of Nyssa distinguishes between Macrina?s gender identity based on her virginity on the one hand, and her social role as a widow, and ?mother? and ?father? of her monastic community on the other. Finally, the focus is shifted towards Dionysius the Areopagite and Maximus the Confessor, whose teachings about ecstasy, as a way to transcend oneself in the movement towards the loved one, provide the basis for establishing a theology of marriage and creating a Christian identity based not on sexual or gender roles, but on the uniqueness of human nature.

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Production of Gender: A Study on Performativity in Female-To-Male Transsexuals

Masculinities & Social Change ◽

10.17583/mcs.2018.3607 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 255

Author(s):

Tanu Priya ◽

Dhishna Panniko

Keyword(s):

Social Role ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Autobiographical Narratives ◽

Presentation Of Self ◽

Public And Private ◽

Socially Constructed ◽

The Social ◽

And Gender ◽

The Individual

Gender identity is critical to every individual; it is self-defined and yet affected by culture and society at large. Gender identities are formed through public and private spaces. Of the two traditions of thinking (essentialist and constructionist) about sex and gender, constructionist formulations are based on performance theory. It believes that sex and gender are viewed as not residing in the individual but are found in “those interactions that are socially constructed as gendered as opposed to essentialist tradition. Within performative theory, gender is a process rather than something naturally possessed. This study explores the process of formation of gender or social role in female-to-male (FTM) transsexual. It will do so by exploring the factors that add to the formation of a gender role as seen through sartorial style, mannerisms, body language, and other aspects that influence one’s presentation of self. It includes the process of construction of FTM transsexual’s corporeality through performative attributes in order to approximate masculinity and come in accord with the social role of a man. The themes that are discussed in the analysis emerged after a careful reading of FTM autobiographical narratives. The instances are extracted from FTM autobiographical narratives; Becoming a Visible Man, The Testosterone Files, Both Sides now and the publication of these narratives range from 2005-2006.

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Vascular Dementia and Underlying Sex Differences

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnagi.2021.720715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Firoz Akhter ◽

Alicia Persaud ◽

Younis Zaokari ◽

Zhen Zhao ◽

Donghui Zhu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

First Case ◽

Severe Stage ◽

And Gender ◽

The Brain ◽

Sex And Gender Differences

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common form of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease (AD); where Alzheimer’s accounts for 60–70% of cases of dementia and VaD accounts for 20% of all dementia cases. VaD is defined as a reduced or lack of blood flow to the brain that causes dementia. VaD is also known occasionally as vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) or multi-infarct dementia (MID). VCID is the condition arising from stroke and other vascular brain injuries that cause significant changes to memory, thinking, and behavior, and VaD is the most severe stage while MID is produced by the synergistic effects caused by multiple mini strokes in the brain irrespective of specific location or volume. There are also subtle differences in the presentation of VaD in males and females, but they are often overlooked. Since 1672 when the first case of VaD was reported until now, sex and gender differences have had little to no research done when it comes to the umbrella term of dementia in general. This review summarizes the fundamentals of VaD followed by a focus on the differences between sex and gender when an individual is diagnosed. In addition, we provide critical evidence concerning sex and gender differences with a few of the main risk factors of VaD including pre-existing health conditions and family history, gene variants, aging, hormone fluctuations, and environmental risk factors. Additionally, the pharmaceutical treatments and possible mitigation of risk factors is explored.

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Transsexualism in Medicolegal Limine: An Examination and a Proposal for Change

The Journal of Psychiatry & Law ◽

10.1177/009318539602400103 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 27-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sana Loue

Keyword(s):

Social Construction ◽

Current Approach ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

The Social ◽

The Creation ◽

And Gender

This article investigates transsexualism and our creation of a state of medicolegal limine for transsexuals. The article addresses transsexuality as it is currently defined and explores our dichotomization of sex and gender. The author discusses both the social construction and the praxis of transsexuality, highlighting the medicolegal implications resulting from our current approach to transsexuality. The author argues that the creation of a medicolegal limine essentially prevents transsexuals from ever integrating fully as a member of one sex or gender, while simultaneously preventing the larger society from reconsidering its definitions of sex and gender. The article concludes with a summary of current challenges to our model of transsexualism and with suggestions for the resolution of this liminal medicolegal phase.

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Gender Perspective in Dual Diagnosis

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11081101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1101

Author(s):

Marta Torrens-Melich ◽

Teresa Orengo ◽

Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca ◽

Isabel Almodóvar ◽

Abel Baquero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dual Diagnosis ◽

Social Transformation ◽

Social Role ◽

Specific Treatment ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

Access To Treatment ◽

Gender Perspective ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender

Little data are available for women diagnosed with a dual diagnosis. However, dual diagnosis in women presents increased stigma, social penalties, and barriers to access to treatment than it does for men. Indeed, it increases the probability of suffering physical or sexual abuse, violent victimization, gender-based violence, unemployment, social exclusion, social-role problems, and physical and psychiatric comorbidities. Thus, a transversal sex and gender-based perspective is required to adequately study and treat dual diagnosis. For this, sex and gender factors should be included in every scientific analysis; professionals should review their own prejudices and stereotypes and train themselves specifically from a gender perspective; administrations should design and provide specific treatment resources for women; and we could all contribute to a structural social transformation that goes beyond gender mandates and norms and reduces the risk of abuse and violence inflicted on women.

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