“A Real Man Cries”: A Scoping of Filipino Masculinities Construction in Tweets

Online content can be a rich source of information on current constructions of masculinities and much can be explored on the digital’s role in masculinities construction (Light, 2013). This study compares and contrasts our current literature on masculinities with empirical qualitative data – that is, Filipino tweets. To do this, I analyzed tweets containing the phrase “ang tunay na lalake” (the real man) and the hashtag “#angtunaynalalake”. Using qualitative content analysis, the following themes were generated: 1) Romance and Masculinities which highlights heteronormativity of romantic context and the concept of “more deserving real man” – a construct produced through networked masculinity and within the context of fandom and bigotry; 2) Masculine Capital – highlights how rites of passage, specifically circumcision, can be overshadowed by masculine capital to the point that failing to meet the required masculine capital would render one as ‘de-circumcised’; and lastly, 3) Online Resistance to Hegemonic Masculinity – shows the use of jokes, sarcasm, and confrontation in questioning hegemonic masculinity. The results show both concern and hope for gender advocacy.

Identidad de Género de Jóvenes Trans: Perpetuación y Pérdida de Privilegios Patriarcales

Este estudio de carácter crítico se orienta a evidenciar si las construcciones discursivas de identidad de género de jóvenes trans en proceso de transición, uso o no a la repetición de pautas normativas imperantes en la sociedad chilena. La investigación se encuentra en la ciudad de Valparaíso que desde 2017 a la actualidad ocupa los primeros lugares en Chile de discriminación homo-lesbo-bi-transfóbica. Se utilizó la entrevista en profundidad como técnica de recogida de datos, los que fueron analizados el método tridimensional de análisis crítico del discurso propuesto por Norman Fairclough. Los resultados develan que los discursos de jóvenes trans sí necesitan a la repetición de pautas normativas de género, existiendo una tensión constante en su proceso de transición, puesto que son conscientes de la opresión que les imprime el binarismo de género, expresando resistencia y emancipación frente a él. Sin embargo, les es dificultoso desprenderse de los mandatos de género que los hacen transitar en la mayoría de los casos investigados a identidades binarias. Además, reconocen la mantención de los privilegios patriarcales al transitar de una corporalidad femenina a una masculina, como la pérdida de los mismos en el tránsito de una corporalidad masculina a una femenina.

The Role of Male Educators and the Challenges in Sexuality Education

Sex education is an educational curriculum area that represents a challenge for teachers, mainly if they are men. Therefore, the present study was carried out to identify the difficulties that male teachers face when addressing sex education with their students. It seeks to broaden the subject's understanding comprehensively and reflect on it in several dimensions, considering the actors involved: The State, the school, the role of teachers, and parents. A qualitative methodology was used, with a comprehensive-interpretive approach. Four public elementary teachers from the city of Veracruz, Mexico, participated. The instrument we used was a semi-structured interview. The findings were as follows: regarding their role as an educator, they consider that it is up to them to inform students on a scientific basis about sexuality; regarding their role in sex education, they think that they have the responsibility of reinforcing in the classroom the education that parents give their children at home. The challenges refer to the claims they receive from parents for talking about sexuality with kids and the lack of precision and depth in the content of the free textbooks regarding the matter. Finally, we conclude that sex education is a joint work in which the institutions' functions, both educational and family, are interrelated.

Organización de la calidad del cuidado en una familia con un padre soltero y gay

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar, desde una perspectiva de género, la calidad del cuidado que un padre soltero y gay ofrece a su hijo al recuperar sus experiencias, percepciones y dificultades. Participó un padre, soltero por elección y gay, con un hijo de un año y nueve meses de edad. Se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada y para la interpretación de los datos se siguieron los criterios propuestos para el análisis temático. Los resultados de este trabajo indican que el participante se encuentra inmerso en el modelo social de masculinidad hegemónica, así como beneficiado por los privilegios que el patriarcado otorga a los varones; sin embargo, dicho modelo también lo lleva a vivir con temor inevitable por los estereotipos y prejuicios de la sociedad como consecuencia de la conformación de su familia. La calidad del cuidado no es exclusiva de un sólo género, pues esta depende de tiempo, disponibilidad, accesibilidad, paciencia, la correcta lectura de las señales del niño, así como la autoconsciencia del adulto, por lo que esta es aprendida a partir de las experiencias y percepciones del cuidador y no responde a la maternidad biológica exclusivamente.

Representaciones Sociales sobre Emociones y Masculinidad en Hombres Bogotanos Social

This article aims to identify the content and organization of social representations about the concept of emotions and masculinity of young Bogota men, from a qualitative study design in the light of social representations through associative techniques such as free listings and questionnaires. In comparison by pairs to 20 young men with employment in Bogotá, Colombia, by means of proactive sampling and convenience, the analysis was carried out in the light of graph theory, after identifying the distance index. It was found that the social representation of the emotion concept is related to a feeling associated to success and motivation, as well as to emotional expressions such as: anger, joy, sadness and happiness. The masculinity concept is permeated by hegemonic elements, linked to strength, power, domination and manhood, related to responsibility and work. It is concluded that the social representation of the concepts of masculinity and emotion is diverse, it is reconciled in several peripheral elements which can be fractured and generate mobility in social representation recognizing the mandates of hegemonic masculinity and male stereotypes.

Representation of Javanese Masculinity in The Dangdut Songs Lyric

Modernization provides a major change in the structure of human life, including in relations between men and women in the marriage life. This change creates a new dimensions of masculinity, including those found in the lyrics of dangdut koplo songs. This research was conducted to answer the question, what is the form of the new dimension that represents Javanese masculinity in the lyrics of dangdut koplo songs? This research uses descriptive qualitative method by using Jonet Saltzman Chafetz's concept of masculinity. Chafetz divides masculinity into six areas, namely physical, functional, sexual, emotional, intellectual, and impersonal. The research gives conclusion that the Javanese dangdut songs raise three dimensions of masculinity, namely functional, emotional, and intellectual. The functional dimension places men in the role of breadwinners. The emotional dimension places men in a person with high emotional stability and maturity. Meanwhile, the intellectual dimension presents a male figure with logical, rational, and realistic thoughts.

Las Relaciones Familiares en China. La Evolución de la Paternidad Masculina a partir de Entrevistas a Estudiantes Chinos de Posgrado en Madrid

The presence of Chinese immigrants and students in Spain is becoming more and more significant; therefore, it is urgent to study their culture in greater depth. In this paper, we take into consideration family relationships and the issue of male parenthood. We use as theoretical framework of reference the contributions of authors such as Beck, Bauman, Seidler, Hochschild, etc. We conducted 30 semi-structured qualitative interviews with postgraduate Chinese students at universities in Madrid. The results show that, there is still a prevalence of more traditional male fatherhood in China, far from emotions and reflexivity, which, however, are increasingly characteristics widespread in Spain and, more generally, in Western countries. Furthermore, it seems that family relations in China continue to exert a very relevant weight. The interviewees, who are familiar with the Spanish way of leaving, have highlighted the differences between China and Spain.

Masculinity in Universities: State of the Art

This article provides the result of a review of existing masculinity research within the university context. The objective of the present study was to determine the topics of analysis, characteristics, and tendencies of recent studies in this field. A search was performed in Scopus and Ebsco, using the search terms: masculinity and university students, which yielded 72 studies for analysis. The most commonly-explored topics among the investigations reviewed were as follows: the construction of masculinity, masculine social norms and gender stereotypes, romantic relationships, masculinity and health, attitudes toward sexual minorities and their effects, masculinity and violence, and masculinity and alcohol consumption. It was concluded that the shaping of masculinity in the university environment is a complex experience, influenced by the intermixing of traditional masculinity and vested with cultural, social, historical, and personal factors.

Masculinity and Rape in Spanish Cinema: Representation and Collective Imaginary

Commercial cinema in Spain, as in the rest of the world, has gone to great lengths to describe visually, without any intention of protest, each and every one of the forms of violence against women: physical, psychological, financial, social and, lastly, sexual. Beyond insinuating and intimidating compliments and gazes, sexual violence is something that is excepted in scripts, even in those of famous directors who create powerful female characters. The aim of this paper is to know how the Spanish directors, of both sexes, represent the topic of sexual violence, paying attention to the masculinity of the characters. To this end, a content analysis was performed on twelve films from a narrative perspective. In a second stage, employing methodological triangulation and a questionnaire as a quantitative tool, university students were asked about how they perceived the scenes of sexual violence in these films. The results show, on one side, that rape is the act of sexual violence more represented and, on the other hand, a lack of awareness about the treatment of rape in Spanish cinema, as well as its rejection by young audiences.