The Uterine Milk Protein (UTMP) gene is associated with milk production traits in Iranian Holstein bulls

Uterine Milk Protein (UTMP) the member of Serine Protease Inhibitor superfamily secreted from uterine endometrium during pregnancy under influence of progesterone. Specific functions of UTMP include protease inhibition, growth control, and direct nutrition of the conceptus. This investigation was performed in order to study polymorphism of UTMP gene and its association with milk production traits in Iranian Holstein bulls. Genomic DNA was extracted from 100 semen samples of proven bulls. In order to amplify 568bp-fragment including same part of intron 3, whole exon 4 and downstream of UTMP gene, a pair of primer was designed. PCR products were digested with BsrI enzyme. The allele frequencies of a, b and c were 0.135, 0.69 and 0.175, respectively in studied population. Four genotypes AB, BB, BC and CC were observed with frequencies of 0.27, 0.49, 0.13 and 0.11, respectively. Genotypes AA and AC were not observed in this study. The chi-square (X2) test revealed deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Data were obtained from animal breeding centre of Iran for the first lactation during 1993-2008 to estimate some genetic parameters. Heritability of milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, fat percent and protein percent were 0.28, 0.21, 0.22, 0.32 and 0.34 respectively. Results indicated significant association between UTMP Genotypes and milk, fat and protein yield traits. Meanwhile, Bulls with CC Genotype had higher milk, fat and protein yield compared to other genotypes (p<0.05). These results suggested UTMP as a candidate gene influencing milk production traits might be implemented in breeding programs to improve the production performance of Iranian Holstein cattle.

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Analysis of the β-lactoglobulin locus using the grand-daughter design in the Canadian Holstein population

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a97-085 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 78 (3) ◽

pp. 245-248

Author(s):

S. E. Aggrey ◽

M. P. Sabour ◽

C. Y. Lin ◽

D. Zadworny ◽

U. Kuhnlein

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Protein Percentage ◽

Marker Selection ◽

Β Lactoglobulin ◽

Daughter Design ◽

Potential Use

A total of 185 informative sons from nine heterozygous grandsires were used to study the associations of alleles A and B of the β-LG locus and milk production using the granddaughter design. The average informativeness of the β-LG locus for the nine heterozygous grandsires was 61%. The β-LG locus was found to be significantly associated with milk protein percentage (P ≤ 0.05) across families and (P ≤ 0.01) in one family. The A allele was associated with higher protein percentage EBV (0.096%) than the B allele in that family. There was no association between β-LG and other production traits (milk, fat and protein yields and, fat and percentages). The β-LG locus has a potential use in marker-assisted selection. However, since the association between markers and a given trait is not found in all families, within-family marker selection might be more appropriate due to linkage disequilibrium. Key words: β-lactoglobulin, Canadian Holstein, milk production traits, granddaughter design

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Association of bovineCD4andSTAT5bsingle nucleotide polymorphisms with somatic cell scores and milk production traits in Chinese Holsteins

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029911000148 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 78 (2) ◽

pp. 242-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Yanghua He ◽

Qin Chu ◽

Peipei Ma ◽

Yachun Wang ◽

Qin Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Somatic Cell ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Protein Yield ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Chinese Holstein

CD4+T cells play a key role in the immune response of pathogen-induced mastitis in dairy cattle. Mammary gland factor STAT5b is involved in the regulation of CD4+T cell differentiation during inflammatory response and milk production. Little is known about the genetic variation effects of bovineCD4andSTAT5bgenes on somatic cell score (SCS) and milk production traits in dairy cattle. The aim of the study was to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of bovineCD4andSTAT5bin Chinese Holsteins and to analyse their association with estimated breeding values (EBVs) for SCS and milk production traits. In the present study, SNPs ofCD4(NC_007303 g.13598C>T) andSTAT5b(NC_007317 g.31562 T>C) were identified and genotyped in Chinese Holstein population. The results showed that both SNPs were significantly associated with the EBVs for milk yield and protein yield in Chinese Holstein cows, and the SNP inCD4was associated with the EBV for SCS (P<0·01). The additive effect ofCD4SNP on protein yield was significant (P<0·05), and the dominant effect ofSTAT5bSNP was significant on milk yield and protein yield (P<0·01). Cows with combination genotype C7 (CCTT:CD4g.13598C>T andSTAT5bg.31562 T>C) had the highest SCS EBV but lower milk yield, while cows with C2 (TTTC) produced more milk, fat and protein than the other eight combination genotypes. These results suggested that the SNPs inCD4andSTAT5bmay be potential genetic markers for SCS and milk/protein yields selecting and warrant further functional research.

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The relation of GH1, GHR and DGAT1 polymorphisms with estimated breeding values for milk production traits of German Holstein sires

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/362-cjas ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 238-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

E. Hradecká ◽

J. Čítek ◽

L. Panicke ◽

V. Řehout ◽

L. Hanusová

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Growth Hormone Gene ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Breeding Values ◽

Fat Yield ◽

Estimated Breeding Values

: We analysed the relations of estimated breeding values (EBV) of 315 German Holstein sires to their genotypes in growth hormone gene (GH1), growth hormone receptor gene (GHR) and acylCoA-diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1). The strong relation of DGAT1 K232A to the estimated breeding values for milk production traits has been confirmed, when allele DGAT1K was connected with higher milk fat yield, milk fat and milk protein content, while allele DGAT1A increased milk yield and milk protein yield. The effect of DGAT1 genotype explained from 4.70% of variability of EBVs for fat yield to 31.90% of variability of EBVs for fat content. The evaluation of GH1 127 Leu/Val and GHR 257 SNP polymorphisms did not reveal an association of their polymorphism with EBVs for milk production traits, except the EBVs of GHRG/GHRG homozygotes for fat yield, which were significantly lower. The effect of GH1 or GHR genotype explained only a negligible portion of variability of EBVs (R2 < 1.00% in most cases).

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The association of five polymorphisms with milk production traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/5131-cjas ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 45-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J. Boleckova ◽

J. Matejickova ◽

M. Stipkova ◽

J. Kyselova ◽

L. Barton

Keyword(s):

Linkage Disequilibrium ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Future Research ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Breeding Values ◽

Prl Gene

The aim of this study was to estimate allelic and genotypic frequencies of five DNA markers that are positional and functional candidates for milk production traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle. In addition, we evaluated the association of these markers with milk production traits and breeding values for milk production traits and also estimated linkage disequilibrium (LD) between two markers within the prolactin (PRL) gene. As part of this study, 505 Czech Fleckvieh cows were genotyped. The markers in proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PPARGC1A), secreted phosphoprotein (SPP1), cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily B hydroxylase (CYP11B1), and the two polymorphisms in the prolactin gene (PRL) showed evidence of segregation in our study. The PPARGC1A polymorphism was associated with milk yield, milk fat and protein traits. The polymorphism in SPP1 was significantly associated with milk protein percentage. The CYP11B1 polymorphism showed positive associations with milk composition traits and breeding values for milk yield, milk fat, and protein traits. Both polymorphisms within the PRL gene were associated with milk yield, milk fat and milk protein yield (individually and grouped). Linkage disequilibrium between the two polymorphisms in PRL was not observed. In conclusion, all markers examined in this study are important markers for milk production traits in Czech Fleckvieh cattle, and both markers within the PRL gene should be evaluated in future research.  

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An association analysis between PRL genotype and milk production traits in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029917000693 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. 430-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jun Li ◽

Aixin Liang ◽

Zipeng Li ◽

Chao Du ◽

Guohua Hua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Phenotypic Variance ◽

River Buffalo ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Exon 2 ◽

Mediterranean River

This Research Communication describes the association between genetic variation within the prolactin (PRL) gene and the milk production traits of Italian Mediterranean river buffalo (Bufala mediterranea Italiana). High resolution melting (HRM) techniques were developed for genotyping 465 buffaloes. The association of genetic polymorphism with milk production traits was performed and subsequently the effects of parity and calving season were evaluated. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified at exons 2 and 5 and at introns 1 and 2. All the SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and statistical analysis showed that the polymorphism of intron1 was significantly (P < 0·05) associated with milk yield, milk protein content and peak milk yield. The average contribution of the intron1 genotype (r2intron1) to total phenotypic variance in milk production traits was 0·09, and the TT genotype showed lower values than CC and CT genotypes. A nonsynonymous SNP was identified in exon 2, which resulted in an amino acid change from arginine to cysteine. Moreover, the polymorphism of exon 2 was associated significantly with milk fat content (P < 0·05), and the buffaloes with TT genotype showed higher total fat content than the buffaloes with CT genotype. These findings provide evidence that polymorphisms of the buffalo PRL gene are associated with milk production traits and PRL can be used as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in Italian Mediterranean river buffalo breeding.

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Association of the Leu127 variant of the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene with increased yield of milk, fat, and protein in Australian Holstein-Friesians

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar99102 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 515 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. R. Shariflou ◽

C. Moran ◽

F. W. Nicholas

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Bovine Growth Hormone ◽

Data Sets ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Maximum Benefit ◽

Pcr Products ◽

Trait Locus

The occurrence of the Leu127/Val127 variants of the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene and their effect on milk production traits was investigated in Australian Holstein-Friesian cattle. Animals were genotyped for the Leu127/Val127 variants, with RFLP methodology, using PCR and AluI digestion of PCR products (AluI-RFLP). Alleles Leu127 and Val127 occurred with frequencies of 82% and 18%, respectively. The quantitative effect of this polymorphic site on milk-production traits was estimated from lactation data and test-day data. Results from the 2 data sets consistently showed that the Leu127 allele is associated with higher production of milk, fat, and protein and is dominant to Val127. The average effects of the gene substitution are 95 L for milk yield, 7 kg for fat yield, and 3 kg for protein yield per lactation. This locus may be directly responsible for quantitative variation or it may be a marker for a closely linked quantitative trait locus (QTL) for milk-production traits in Australian dairy cattle. In either case, it will be useful as an aid to selection for improvement of milk production traits. As the Leu127 allele is dominant, selection of AI sires homozygous for the Leu127 allele (Leu127/Leu127) will result in maximum benefit without the need for genotyping cows.

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Season and reproductive status rather than genetic factors influence change in ewe weight and fat over time. 4. Genetic relationships of ewe weight and fat score with fleece, reproduction and milk traits

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an15090 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 708 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. F. Walkom ◽

F. D. Brien ◽

M. L. Hebart ◽

N. M. Fogarty ◽

S. Hatcher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Fibre Diameter ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Production Cycle ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Milk Traits ◽

Fat Score

The profitability of a sheep enterprise is greatly influenced by the ability of the ewe to produce a lamb annually. This paper examines the between- and within-breed association between the liveweight and fat score of the adult ewe and key fleece, reproduction and milk production traits. The study analysed the performance of 2846 first-cross Merino and Corriedale ewes from the maternal central progeny test (MCPT) over their first three production cycles. Breed (9 sire breeds) and within-breed (91 sires) correlations were calculated from bivariate correlations of adult liveweight and fat score with fleece, reproduction and milk production traits. The mean liveweight and fatness of the breeds were low to moderately negatively correlated with greasy fleece weight (–0.55 and –0.25, respectively) and moderate to strongly positively correlated with fibre diameter (0.88 and 0.41, respectively). However, the within-breed correlations were generally low to negligible. The genetic relationships between ewe fat score and reproductive traits at the breed and within-breed level was generally low to negligible and, in some cases, negative under production conditions where the ewes were well managed and averaged a fat score of 3.5 pre-joining and became too fat across the production cycle. Strong breed correlations between ewe fat score and milk fat concentration (0.88) suggest that selection of fatter sire breeds will lead to increased fat in their progenies’ milk, which was associated with larger lambs. The potential advantages of selecting for more fat to improve the maternal performance of the ewe seem to be limited in enterprises where the production system can easily be adjusted to restrict the influence of temporary and long-term feed deficiencies, as was achieved within the MCPT research flocks.

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Investigation of myostatin and calpain 3 gene polymorphisms and their association with milk-production traits in Sfakia sheep

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an18799 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 347

Author(s):

Adel H. M. Ibrahim ◽

Nikolaos Tzanidakis ◽

Smaragda Sotiraki ◽

Huitong Zhou ◽

Jonathan Hickford

Keyword(s):

Nucleotide Sequence ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

Solid Content ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Milk Solid

Context Genetic selection based on genetic markers for economically important traits in Sfakia sheep. Aims The aim of the present study was to investigate variation in the ovine myostatin gene (MSTN) and calpain 3 gene (CAPN3), and their association with milk-production traits. Methods Records for milk yield, milk fat content, protein content, lactose content, and non-fat solid content, pH and somatic-cell score (log), were obtained from 376 Sfakia ewes. Polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformational polymorphism (PCR–SSCP) analyses were used to detect variation in intron 1 of MSTN and exon 10 of CAPN3. General linear models were then used to test for associations between the variation in MSTN and CAPN3, and milk-production traits. Key results The SSCP banding patterns for MSTN showed four variants (A1, A2, A3 and A4), which contained nine nucleotide sequence differences. Four SSCP banding patterns (C1, C2, C3 and C4) were observed for CAPN3 and these contained eight nucleotide-sequence differences. The MSTN variation was associated (P < 0.05) with variation in milk yield and non-fat milk solid content. Variation in CAPN3 was associated with milk yield (P < 0.001), fat content (P < 0.05) and lactose content (P < 0.05). Association analyses between the presence/absence of MSTN and CAPN3 variants and milk-production traits showed that a variant of MSTN that had previously between associated with muscle hypertrophy was associated with decreased milk yield (P < 0.05) and a lower non-fat milk solid content (P < 0.01). A CAPN3 variant that had previously been associated with increased sheep-carcass loin lean-meat yield was associated with a decreased milk yield (P < 0.01) and a decreased milk fat content (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our results have provided an insight into the effects of variation in ovine MSTN and CAPN3 on milk-production traits in sheep. Implications To preserve the dual-purpose characteristics of Sfakia sheep, breeding goals should take into account the possible antagonism between meat and milk traits.

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L-selectin gene polymorphism and its association with clinical mastitis, somatic cell score, and milk production in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/96/2017-cjas ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽

pp. 256-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Dusza ◽

J. Pokorska ◽

J. Makulska ◽

D. Kulaj ◽

M. Cupial

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Milk Production ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Somatic Cell Score ◽

Production Traits ◽

Milk Production Traits ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Friesian Cows

Bovine mastitis is a widespread disease of the mammary gland, highly contributing to the increase in veterinary costs in dairy industry. In the present study, the genetic polymorphism within bovine L-selectin gene was analysed and its impact on clinical mastitis occurrence, somatic cell score (SCS), and milk production traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows was examined. Polymorphism within L-selectin gene, molecule responsible for neutrophil attachment to endothelium, might have a potential role in immune response to bacterial infections and udder health. Two hundred and six Polish Holstein-Friesian cows were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms mutations within the coding sequence of L-selectin gene were identified (c.165G>A and c.567C>T). The effect of c.165G>A and c.567C>T mutations on SCS was highly significant (P = 0.0019 and P = 0.0003, respectively). Strong associations (P ≤ 0.0001) were also observed between L-selectin polymorphism and milk production traits (milk yield, milk fat percentage, and milk protein percentage). However, the polymorphism in the analysed gene had no influence on the resistance or susceptibility of cows to clinical mastitis (only the tendency toward significance, P = 0.06 for c.567C>T mutation was found). Potential exploitation of the information on the identified associations in genetic selection needs to confirm the obtained results in further investigations.

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