scholarly journals Image analysis as a useful tool for fast detection of dimensional and structural changes of poly(ethylene terephthalate) containers

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 351-361
Author(s):  
Nenad Jevremovic ◽  
Sava Velickovic ◽  
Melina Kalagasidis-Krusic ◽  
Vesna Panic ◽  
Tatjana Volkov-Husovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Fast Detection ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
One Step ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Continuous Material

The aim of this paper is to present image analysis as a useful technique for fast, reliable and non-destructive detection of dimensional and structural changes in polymers. The possibility of applying image analysis was demonstrated in the case of solvent-induced crystallization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) containers filled with commonly used organic solvents: chlorobenzene, isophorone, xylene, Espesol, Shellsol A 100, Solvesso 150, propylene glycol, glycerin and water and subjected to the storage stability test at 54 ?C for 14 days (CIPAC 1-MT 46.1.3). In addition, the obtained results were analyzed using one-step analysis of variance (ANOVA) combined with the Duncan?s statistical test (p<0.05). According to the achieved results, three main impacts of the presented paper could be distinguished: 1) dimensional and transparency changes could be precisely followed by image analysis in both following cases: for small changes in water, as well as for significant ones in chlorobenzene; 2) a correlation between the changes in the degree of crystallinity and transparency could be obtained without the continuous material testing by DSC; 3) image analysis is potentially applicable for assessment of other crystalline polymers.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Structural Changes of Polylactide and Poly(ethylene terephthalate) in the Presence of Trichoderma viride

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3491
Author(s):  
Grażyna B. Dąbrowska ◽  
Zuzanna Garstecka ◽  
Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska ◽  
Grażyna Szczepańska ◽  
Maciej Ostrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Plastic pollution is one of the crucial global challenges nowadays, and biodegradation is a promising approach to manage plastic waste in an environment-friendly and cost-effective way. In this study we identified the strain of fungus Trichoderma viride GZ1, which was characterized by particularly high pectinolytic activity. Using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy techniques, and viscosity measurements we showed that three-month incubation of polylactide and polyethylene terephthalate in the presence of the fungus lead to significant changes of the surface of polylactide. Further, to gain insight into molecular mechanisms underneath the biodegradation process, western blot hybridization was used to show that in the presence of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) in laboratory conditions the fungus produced hydrophobin proteins. The mycelium adhered to the plastic surface, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, possibly due to the presence of hydrophobins. Further, using atomic force microscopy we demonstrated for the first time the formation of hydrophobin film on the surface of aliphatic polylactide (PLA) and PET by T. viride GZ1. This is the first stage of research that will be continued under environmental conditions, potentially leading to a practical application.

Improving the properties of recycled PET/PEN blends by using different chain extenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simge Can ◽  
N. Gamze Karsli ◽  
Sertan Yesil ◽  
Ayse Aytac
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Chain Extender ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Loading Level ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Chain Extenders ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Abstract The main aim of this study was to improve the mechanical properties of the recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)/poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (r-PET/PEN) blends by enhancing the miscibility between PET and PEN with the usage of chain extenders. This idea was novel for the recycled PET-based r-PET/PEN blends, as investigation of the effects of the chain extender usage on the properties of r-PET/PEN blends has not been studied in the literature, according to our knowledge. 1,4-Phenylene-bis-oxazoline (PBO), 1,4-phenylene-di-isocyanate (PDI), and triphenyl phosphite (TPP) were selected as chain extenders. The maximum tensile strength value was observed for the 1.0PDI sample. Moreover, PDI-based blends exhibited better Izod impact strength when compared with all other samples. The miscibility and degree of crystallinity values of all blends were discussed by means of thermal analysis. 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) analysis was carried out to determine transesterification reaction levels. According to 1H-NMR results, the increase in the level of transesterification was around 40% with the usage of PDI. The optimum loading level for selected chain extenders was determined as 1 wt.%, and PDI-based blends exhibited better properties when compared with those of the blends based on PBO and TPP at this loading level.

Phase behavior of blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with liquid-crystalline polymers

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1572-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Magagnini ◽  
Maria S. Tonti ◽  
Marco Masseti ◽  
Massimo Paci ◽  
Lilia I. Minkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Crystallization Processes In Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate) / Polycarbonate Blends

1993 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika E. Reinsch ◽  
Ludwig Rebenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Melt Processing ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Crystallization From The Melt

ABSTRACTBlends of poly (ethylene terephthalate), or PET, and polycarbonate (PC) over a range of compositions were studied in isothermal crystallizations from the melt using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Both crystallization rate and degree of crystallinity of PET depend on blend composition. The glass transition temperature, Tg, of PET and PC in blends and pure polymer were also measured by DSC. Elevation of the Tg of PET and depression of the Tg of PC are observed upon blending. In cooling scans, dynamic crystallization from the melt was observed. In PET/PC blends with high PC content, a novel dual-peak crystallization of PET was observed. The effects of thermal history on crystallization kinetics and degree of crystallinity were also determined in isothermal crystallization studies. For Melt processing times between 1 and 30 Min and for processing temperatures between 280 and 300 °C, Melt processing temperature was seen to have a stronger effect than processing time.

One-step sonochemical synthesis of a graphene oxide–manganese oxide nanocomposite for catalytic glycolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

Nanoscale ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (13) ◽  
pp. 3879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gle Park ◽  
Leian Bartolome ◽  
Kyoung G. Lee ◽  
Seok Jae Lee ◽  
Do Hyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Sonochemical Synthesis ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
One Step ◽  
Poly Ethylene
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