Mixed adsorption of hexadecylpyridinium bromide and Triton X surfactants at graphitized carbon black

Adsorption of cationic 1-hexadecylpyridinium bromide (HDPB) and non-ionic p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenoxypolyoxyethylene glycols surfactants of the Triton X series (Triton X-45, Triton X-100 and Triton X-305) from their single and mixed aqueous solutions at thermally graphitized carbon black (CB) was studied. It was shown that the adsorption of the non-ionic surfactant from its individual solution decreased when a number of ethylene oxide units in the surfactant molecule increased. Addition of the non-ionic surfactants increased the amount of HDPB adsorbed from HDPB/Triton X mixtures. At low solution concentrations it was found that in HDPB/Triton X mixtures, the experimental values of total surfactants adsorption are higher than the adsorption values calculated for the ideal surfactant mixtures. The composition of the mixed HDPB/Triton X adsorption layer and the parameters of the intermolecular interaction (?s), between the components in this layer, were calculated using the Rubingh-Rosen approach. It was shown that ?s parameters have negative values, which indicate notable interactions between Triton X molecules and HDPB ions in the mixed adsorption layer. It was found that the composition of the mixed adsorption layer at CB surface is notably different from the surfactants composition in the bulk solution. The mixed HDPB/Triton X adsorption layer is enriched with Triton X surfactant and the mole fraction of Triton X increases with decreasing of ethoxylation degree of its molecules.

Download Full-text

Adsorption of Sodium Hexadecyl Sulfate and Triton X from Binary Aqueous Solutions at Thermally Graphitized Carbon Black

Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering ◽

10.3311/ppch.15085 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 72-79

Author(s):

Olga Kochkodan ◽

Victor Maksin ◽

Tetyana Semenenko

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Nonionic Surfactant ◽

Adsorption Layer ◽

Nonionic Surfactants ◽

Graphitized Carbon Black ◽

Bulk Solution ◽

Graphitized Carbon ◽

Individual Solution ◽

Triton X

Adsorption of anionic sodium hexadecyl sulfate (SHS) and nonionic Triton X surfactants with different ethoxylation degree: TX-45, TX-100 and TX-300 from their individual and mixed aqueous solutions at the surface of thermally graphitized carbon black (CB) was studied. It was found that at low solution concentrations addition of the nonionic surfactant increases the amount of SHS adsorbed from SHS/Triton X mixtures compared to SHS amount adsorbed from its individual solution. These findings might be explained by decreasing in electrostatic repulsion between SHS ions due to inclusion of the molecules of the nonionic surfactant in the mixed adsorption layer. At higher solution concentrations, adsorption of SHS decrease as a result of displacement of SHS ions from the mixed adsorption layer by Triton X molecules. It was established that the composition of the mixed adsorption layer at CB surface notably differ from the composition of the surfactant mixture in the bulk solution. The mixed adsorption layer is enriched with the molecules of the nonionic surfactants and this conclusion is confirmed by the results of measuring zeta potential of CB particles with the adsorbed surfactants.

Download Full-text

A small-angle neutron scattering study of the structure of graphitized carbon black aggregates in Triton X-100/water solutions

Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects ◽

10.1016/s0927-7757(97)00185-4 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 132 (2-3) ◽

pp. 203-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Vasil M. Garamus ◽

Jan Skov Pedersen

Keyword(s):

Carbon Black ◽

Neutron Scattering ◽

Small Angle ◽

Small Angle Neutron Scattering ◽

Graphitized Carbon Black ◽

Water Solutions ◽

Graphitized Carbon ◽

Scattering Study ◽

Neutron Scattering Study ◽

Triton X

Download Full-text

ANALYSIS OF INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTIONS IN MIXED ADSORPTION LAYERS OF SURFACTANTS

Ukrainian Chemistry Journal ◽

10.33609/0041-6045.85.5.2019.69-74 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (5) ◽

pp. 69-74

Author(s):

Olha Kochkodan ◽

Nadiya Antraptseva ◽

Roman Zhyla

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Layer ◽

Chemical Nature ◽

Binary Solution ◽

Molar Fraction ◽

Graphitized Carbon Black ◽

Ionic Surfactant ◽

Surface Active ◽

Triton X ◽

Adsorption Layers ◽

Mixed Systems

The adsorption of the surfactants mixtures of different chemical nature such as Triton X-100 and sodium hexadecyl sulfate at the surface of graphitized carbon black was studied. Using the model of phase separation (the Rubi–Rosen approach), the composition of the mixed adsorption layers and parameters of interaction between the surfactant molecules in the adsorption layers were calculated. It was found that mixed adsorption layers are enriched with molecules of the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100. The purpose of the work was to study the adsorption of binary mixtures of surfactants of various chemical nature on the surface of non-porous hydrophobic carbon sorbent at different SAS ratio in mixtures. The results of calculations show that the composition of the adsorption layer on the surface of the GC is significantly different from the ratio of surfactants in the solution. The value of the parameter χ indicates that the mixed adsorption layer on the surface of the GC is enriched with non-ionic surfactant molecules, even with a small its content in the solution (αTХ-100 = 0,2). With an increase in the ТХ-100 molar fraction in the binary solution from 0,2 to 0,8 its share in the adsorption layer increases in approximately 1.5 times. Negative values of the interaction parameters βs indicate excessive attraction of the molecules and ions of the mixture components in the mixed adsorption layers. An increase in the absolute value of the parameter βs with an increase in αTХ-100 in the solution characterizes the enhancement of the interactions between the components in the adsorption layer. Thus, in the course of experiments carried out for mixed systems of SHDS-ТХ-100, the existence of a synergistic effect in relation to an increase in the adsorption of surfactants on the GC surface was established. It is found that mixed adsorption layers are enriched with molecules of the non-ionic surface active substance of the triton X-100.

Download Full-text

A Preparation of High Resolution Standards for Electron Microscopy. Part II

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100064852 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 160-161

Author(s):

Akira Tanaka ◽

David F. Harling

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

High Resolution ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Single Crystal ◽

Dark Field ◽

Graphitized Carbon Black ◽

Graphitized Carbon ◽

Dark Field Imaging ◽

Crystal Films ◽

Micro Holes

In the previous paper, the author reported on a technique for preparing vapor-deposited single crystal films as high resolution standards for electron microscopy. The present paper is intended to describe the preparation of several high resolution standards for dark field microscopy and also to mention some results obtained from these studies. Three preparations were used initially: 1.) Graphitized carbon black, 2.) Epitaxially grown particles of different metals prepared by vapor deposition, and 3.) Particles grown epitaxially on the edge of micro-holes formed in a gold single crystal film.The authors successfully obtained dark field micrographs demonstrating the 3.4Å lattice spacing of graphitized carbon black and the Au single crystal (111) lattice of 2.35Å. The latter spacing is especially suitable for dark field imaging because of its preparation, as in 3.), above. After the deposited film of Au (001) orientation is prepared at 400°C the substrate temperature is raised, resulting in the formation of many square micro-holes caused by partial evaporation of the Au film.

Download Full-text