scholarly journals Impact of Bacillus subtilis QST713 mushroom grain spawn treatment on yield and green mould control

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Potocnik ◽  
Biljana Todorovic ◽  
Emil Rekanovic ◽  
Jelena Lukovic ◽  
Dusanka Paunovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Casing Treatment ◽  
Mushroom Production ◽  
Green Mould

A biofungicide based on Bacillus subtilis QST713 was tested for impact on yield and efficacy against a Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum T77 strain from Serbia by coating mushroom grain spawn and comparing the results with the chemical fungicide prochloraz manganese in a mushroom growing room. The tested B. subtilis QST713 strain did not inhibit mycelial growth of Agaricus bisporus in plots free of the pathogen, showing an impact on yield of 91.95%, which was not significantly different from an untreated control. As for the efficacy of the fungicides used against T. aggressivum f. europaeum T77, there were no significant differences between a prochloraz manganese casing treatment, and B. subtilis QST713 coating on mushroom grain spawn, as the efficacy was 70.37 and 53.09%, respectively. These results implied that the biofungicide based on B. subtilis could serve as a harmless alternative to synthetic fungicides in mushroom production, especially during serious compost green muold outbreaks caused by T. aggressivum. Furthermore, the biofungicide should be applied alone because an antagonistic reaction was detected between the fungicide prochloraz and B. subtilis QST713.

scholarly journals A large-scale study on the effectiveness of a Bacillus subtilis Ch-13-based biofungicide against green mould disease and mushroom yield improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Ivana Potocnik ◽  
Biljana Todorovic ◽  
Svetlana Milijasevic-Marcic ◽  
Jelena Lukovic ◽  
Gabriella Kanizai-Saric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Cultivated Mushroom ◽  
Green Mould ◽  
Mushroom Yield ◽  
Final Amount

The aim of this study was to test a biofungicide based on Bacillus subtilis Ch-13 and its effectiveness in the control of green mould disease of cultivated mushroom in comparison with the fungicide prochloraz. Biofungicide effectiveness in disease control and impact on yield were evaluated on Agaricus bisporus after its natural infection with Trichoderma aggressivum in a commercial mushroom growing facility. An assay for testing the microbial efficacy of the biofungicide was conducted in two different procedures involving either three or two split doses. The highest statistically significant effectiveness in green mould control was shown by the fungicide prochloraz (71.43%), followed by the biofungicide applied in tree split doses (53.57%), and finally its two doses (45.46%). The biofungicide significantly improved yield in comparison with an untreated control and the fungicide prochloraz. Three split applications of B. subtilis strain Ch-13 enhanced mushroom yield to a larger extent than its two split doses, although the same final amount was used in both procedures. Biofungicide application in three split doses increased the total mass of harvested mushrooms 8.41% compared to the untreated control, and 10.53% compared to the fungicide prochloraz. These results implied that the biofungicide should be applied in three split applications: 30 ml (second day after casing) + 15 ml (two weeks after casing) + 15 ml (after first flush, 20-25 days after casing). The biofungicide B. subtilis Ch-13 should be further investigated regarding its joint usage with chemical fungicides in different application procedures, as it showed remarkable characteristics both in terms of promoting mushroom yield and inhibiting the spread of mycopathogenic T. aggressivum.

scholarly journals Potential of some bacteria for biological control of postharvest citrus green mould caused by Penicillium digitatum

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadi Parisa ◽  
Tozlu Elif ◽  
Kotan Recep ◽  
Kotan Merve Şenol
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Spore Production ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Agrobacterium Radiobacter ◽  
Green Mould

Ten bacteria isolate (4 Bacillus subtilis, 2 Bacillus pumilus, 2 Bacillus cereus, 1 Bacillus megaterium, and 1 Agrobacterium radiobacter) were tested in vitro for antagonistic properties against Penicillium digitatum, the causal agent of citrus green mould. The effect of these bacteria was also observed on mycelial growth, spore germination, and spore production of the pathogenic fungus in broth culture. Extracellular enzyme activities of the bacteria were determined. According to the results of in vitro antagonistic tests and enzymes activities, the most promising bacteria were Bacillus subtilis and Agrobacterium radiobacter. These bacteria were tested for disease suppression on lemon fruits. In addition, these bacterial isolates also showed remarkable antifungal activity against the pathogen on lemon fruits. The results of this study showed that Bacillus subtilis and Agrobacterium radiobacter showed remarkable antifungal activity against the pathogen. Chitinase and glucanase enzyme activity of all the tested bacteria was positive. Protease enzyme activity was positive in all tested bacteria with the exception of Agrobacterium radiobacter. In addition, all bacteria inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination (except Agrobacterium radiobacter) of the fungus. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Agrobacterium radiobacter inhibited spore production in broth culture. Bacillus subtilis and Agrobacterium radiobacter were tested on lemon fruits significantly reduced disease severity. Consequently, these isolates can be used as new biocontrol agents in controlling the post-harvest decay of citrus fruits caused by Penicillium digitatum.

Biological control of green mould on Agaricus bisporus by a native Bacillus subtilis strain from mushroom compost

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Milijašević-Marčić ◽  
Miloš Stepanović ◽  
Biljana Todorović ◽  
Bojan Duduk ◽  
Jelena Stepanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Green Mould

scholarly journals The activity of native Bacillus subtilis strains in control of green mould disease of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus spp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Ivana Potocnik ◽  
Svetlana Milijasevic-Marcic ◽  
Olja Stanojevic ◽  
Tanja Beric ◽  
Slavisa Stankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Mushroom Production ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Green Mould ◽  
Antagonistic Potential

The study aimed to isolate potential biocontrol agents from mushroom substrate that could serve as an alternative to toxic chemicals commonly used for disease control in mushroom production. The antagonistic potential of ten native Bacillus subtilis strains against the causal agents of green mould disease of oyster mushroom, Trichoderma pleuroti and Trichoderma pleuroticola, was evaluated. The antagonistic potential of Bacillus spp. strains was quantified in vitro based on dual cultivation with the pathogen. Growth inhibition of T. pleuroti ranged from 54.44% to 62.22% and no significant differences in antagonistic activity were found between the tested B. subtilis strains. Inhibition of T. pleuroticola was slightly higher, ranging from 55.56% to 69.62% and B. subtilis strain B-358 induced the highest growth inhibition. This research confirmed mushroom substrate to be a good source of antagonistic microorganisms with potentials for use in biological control of green mould in oyster mushroom production.

Biocontrol Activity of Bacillus subtilis Isolated from Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Compost Against Pathogenic Fungi

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (26) ◽  
pp. 6009-6018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Liu ◽  
Jiping Sheng ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Yanyan Zheng ◽  
David Yue Wei Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Biocontrol Activity

scholarly journals Complete genome sequence of Bacillus velezensis QST713: A biocontrol agent that protects Agaricus bisporus crops against the green mould disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Pandin ◽  
Dominique Le Coq ◽  
Julien Deschamps ◽  
Régis Védie ◽  
Thierry Rousseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Green Mould

Natural Occurrence of Clostridium botulinum on Fresh Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. NOTERMANS ◽  
J. DUFRENNE ◽  
J. P. G. GERRITS
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Mushroom Production

Clostridium botulinum was not found (<l/100g) in fresh commercial mushrooms produced in the Netherlands. The log10 mean number of anaerobic spores in mushrooms was 3.19/g. In casing soil of mushroom production beds, however, C. botulinum was detected, and numbers varied from <1.3 to 1.6/100 g. Log10 counts of anaerobic spores present in this material amounted to 5.58/g. If it is assumed that the ratio of the number of anaerobic spores to the number of C. botulinum in mushrooms is the same as that in casing soil, then the estimated incidence of C. botulinum in mushrooms was between <0.08 to 0.16 organisms per 100 g of produce.

Aggressiveness of green mould on cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Aydoğdu ◽  
İlker Kurbetli ◽  
Aytül Kitapçı ◽  
Görkem Sülü
Keyword(s):  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Cultivated Mushroom ◽  
Green Mould

Regulation of three genes encoding cell-wall-degrading enzymes of Trichoderma aggressivum during interaction with Agaricus bisporus

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal S. Abubaker ◽  
Calvin Sjaarda ◽  
Alan J. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Green Mould ◽  
Catabolite Regulation

Members of the genus Trichoderma are very effective competitors of a variety of fungi. Cell-wall-degrading enzymes, including proteinases, glucanases, and chitinases, are commonly secreted as part of the competitive process. Trichoderma aggressivum is the causative agent of green mould disease of the button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus. The structures of 3 T. aggressivum genes, prb1 encoding a proteinase, ech42 encoding an endochitinase, and a β-glucanase gene, were determined. Promoter elements in the prb1 and ech42 genes suggested that transcription is regulated by carbon and nitrogen levels and by stress. Both genes had mycoparasitism-related elements indicating potential roles for the protein products in competition. The promoter of the β-glucanase gene contained CreA and AreA binding sites indicative of catabolite regulation but contained no mycoparasitism elements. Transcription of the 3 genes was measured in mixed cultures of T. aggressivum and A. bisporus. Two A. bisporus strains, U1, which is sensitive to green mould disease, and SB65, which shows some resistance, were used in co-cultivation tests to assess possible roles of the genes in disease production and severity. prb1 and ech42 were coordinately upregulated after 5 days, whereas β-glucanase transcription was upregulated from day 0 with both Agaricus strains. Upregulation was much less pronounced in mixed cultures of T. aggressivum with the resistant strain, SB65, than with the sensitive strain, U1. These observations suggested that the proteins encoded by these genes have roles in both nutrition and in severity of green mould disease.

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