scholarly journals Potential of some bacteria for biological control of postharvest citrus green mould caused by Penicillium digitatum

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadi Parisa ◽  
Tozlu Elif ◽  
Kotan Recep ◽  
Kotan Merve Şenol
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Spore Production ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Agrobacterium Radiobacter ◽  
Green Mould

Ten bacteria isolate (4 Bacillus subtilis, 2 Bacillus pumilus, 2 Bacillus cereus, 1 Bacillus megaterium, and 1 Agrobacterium radiobacter) were tested in vitro for antagonistic properties against Penicillium digitatum, the causal agent of citrus green mould. The effect of these bacteria was also observed on mycelial growth, spore germination, and spore production of the pathogenic fungus in broth culture. Extracellular enzyme activities of the bacteria were determined. According to the results of in vitro antagonistic tests and enzymes activities, the most promising bacteria were Bacillus subtilis and Agrobacterium radiobacter. These bacteria were tested for disease suppression on lemon fruits. In addition, these bacterial isolates also showed remarkable antifungal activity against the pathogen on lemon fruits. The results of this study showed that Bacillus subtilis and Agrobacterium radiobacter showed remarkable antifungal activity against the pathogen. Chitinase and glucanase enzyme activity of all the tested bacteria was positive. Protease enzyme activity was positive in all tested bacteria with the exception of Agrobacterium radiobacter. In addition, all bacteria inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination (except Agrobacterium radiobacter) of the fungus. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Agrobacterium radiobacter inhibited spore production in broth culture. Bacillus subtilis and Agrobacterium radiobacter were tested on lemon fruits significantly reduced disease severity. Consequently, these isolates can be used as new biocontrol agents in controlling the post-harvest decay of citrus fruits caused by Penicillium digitatum.

scholarly journals RhizosphericBacillus subtilisExhibits Biocontrol Effect againstRhizoctonia solaniin Pepper(Capsicum annuum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Huang ◽  
Zhansheng Wu ◽  
Yanhui He ◽  
Bang-Ce Ye ◽  
Chun Li
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Growth Strain ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Pepper Plants

This study aimed at evaluating the ability of SL-44 to controlRhizoctonia solaniand promote pepper(Capsicum annuum)growth. Strain SL-44 was isolated from plant rhizosphere and the pot experiment results indicated that the dry and fresh weights of pepper in SL-44 andRhizoctonia solani(S-R) treatment were 45.5% and 54.2% higher than those inRhizoctonia solani(R) treatment and 18.2% and 31.8% higher than those in CK (control, noninoculation) treatment. The plant height in S-R treatment increased by 14.2% and 9.0% compared with those in the R and CK treatments, respectively. In vitro antagonism assay showed that SL-44 exhibited strong antifungal activity against the mycelial growth ofRhizoctonia solani, with an inhibition rate of 42.3%. The amount of phosphorus dissolved by SL-44 reached 60.58 mg·L−1in broth and 7.5 μg·mL−1IAA were secreted by SL-44. Strain SL-44 inhibited the growth ofR. solaniand improved biomass of pepper plants. Mass exchange and information transmission between the pepper plants and SL-44 mutually promoted their development.Bacillus subtilisSL-44 has a great potential as biocontrol agent againstRhizoctonia solanion pepper plants.

scholarly journals Developing Penicillium digitatum Management Strategies on Post-Harvest Citrus Fruits with Metabolic Components and Colonization of Bacillus subtilis L1-21

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Yongmei Li ◽  
Mengyuan Xia ◽  
Pengbo He ◽  
Qiaoming Yang ◽  
Yixin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Post Harvest

Citrus is among the most important plants in the fruit industry severely infected with pathogens. Citrus green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum is one of the most devastating diseases during post-harvest stages of citrus fruit. In this study, a potential endophyte Bacillus subtilis L1-21, isolated from healthy citrus plants, was assessed for its biocontrol activity against the pathogen P. digitatum. Based on an in vitro crosstalk assay, we suggested that B. subtilis L1-21 inhibits the pathogen with an inhibition zone of 3.51 ± 0.08 cm. Biocontrol efficacy was highest for the fermented culture filtrate of B. subtilis L1-21. Additionally, using GC-MS analysis, 13 compounds were detected in the extract of this endophyte. The culture filtrate in Landy medium could enlarge and deform pathogen spores and prevent them from developing into normal mycelium. Accordingly, the Landy culture filtrate of B. subtilis L1-21 was stable in the temperature range of 4–90 °C and pH of 3–11. Further, MALDI-TOF-MS for B. subtilis L1-21 detected surfactin, fengycin, bacillaene and bacilysin as potential antifungal compounds. GFP-tagged B. subtilis L1-21 easily colonized in citrus fruit peel and pulp, suggesting its role in eliminating the fungal pathogen. Altogether, it is highly expected that the production of antifungal compounds, and the colonization potential of B. subtilis L1-21 are required against the post-harvest P. digitatum pathogen on citrus fruit.

scholarly journals Management of Alternaria leaf blight in tomato plants by mentha essential oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Kahkashan Perveen ◽  
Najat A. Bokhari
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Conidia Germination ◽  
Alternaria Leaf Blight

The essential oil obtained by the hydro-distillation of the leaves of Mentha arvensis Linnaeus was evaluated for its antifungal activity against the causal agent of the Alternaria blight of tomatoes, i.e., Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler. The antifungal activity of the mentha essential oil was assessed both in vitro and in vivo. The chemical composition of the mentha oil was also identified by GCMS analysis. The in vitro test revealed that the maximum inhibition in the mycelial growth (93.6%) and conidia germination (90.6%) was at the highest concentration (40 µL/mL), furthermore, it was found that the inhibition of the mycelial growth and conidia germination was dose dependent. The in vivo test proved that the application of the mentha essential oil (40 µL/mL) significantly increased the plant height (84.6%), fresh weight (81.5%) and dry weight (80.0%) when compared to the untreated tomato plants. The disease incidence was 3.5 in the untreated plants, while it was 0.93 for the mentha essential oil treated plants and was 0.08 in the carbendazim treated plants. The GC-MS analysis of the mentha essential oil identified 18 compounds in total, among which the percentage of menthol was the highest (69.2%). The mentha essential oil was successful in managing the Alternaria leaf blight in the tomato plants. Therefore, it can be explored further for the development of a natural fungicide.

scholarly journals Protein compounds of Bacillus subtilis with in vitro antifungal activity against Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet)

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Mileidy Cruz-Martín ◽  
Eilyn Mena ◽  
Mayra Acosta-Suárez ◽  
Tatiana Pichardo ◽  
Eloisa Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pseudocercospora Fijiensis ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

In vitro evaluation of bio-agents against Pyricularia oryzae (Cav.) causing rice blast disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar Kulmitra ◽  
Neha Sahu ◽  
V.B. Sanath Kumar ◽  
Thejesha A. G. ◽  
Amlan Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Dual Culture

The five different bio-agents viz., Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, T. virens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated against Pyricularia oryzae at four and eight days after incubation through dual culture technique. Among the five different bio-agents, highest per cent inhibition of mycelial growth of fungus was recorded in T. virens i.e. 67 per cent and 70 percent after four and eight days after incubation respectively with mean of 68.5 per cent followed by Trichoderma viride with the inhibition of 61 and 63 per cent respectively with mean of 62 per cent. The Pseudomonas fluorescens did not show any inhibition of mycelial growth of P. oryzae as the pathogen over grew the bio-agents.

scholarly journals Salicylic acid in the induction of resistance to beet seedling damping-off and antifungal activity against Fusarium sp., in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Junior Bertoncelli ◽  
Sérgio Miguel Mazaro ◽  
Rita De Cacia Dosciatti Serrão Rocha ◽  
Nean Locatelli Dalacosta ◽  
Adriano Lewandowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
And Control

The damping off is the main disease that affects the beet crop during the seedling production. The aim of this study was to evaluate different salicylic acid (SA) concentrations for resistance induction against damping-off in beet seedling and its antifungal activity against Fusarium sp., in vitro condition. Treatment of beet seed was with SA solution by immersion during 5 minutes in the 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mM concentrations and control (distilled water). It was used four replications with 20 cells by experimental unit. The experiment was carried out for 14 days in cultivate chamber with temperature (23 oC ± 2°C), lighting (12 hours photoperiod) and humidity (70% ± 10%) controlled. After this time, the germination, damping off incidence, seedling length and fresh mass matter weight were evaluated. It was evaluated also in the seedling tissue the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), ?-1.3 glucanase and chitinase level enzymes. In the in vitro the SA was putted in PDA (potato-dextrose-agar) medium, where the Fusarium sp. mycelial growth was evaluated. The SA applied for seeds treatment didn’t had effect significant on damping off of beet seedlings, but it induced the activity of ?-1.3 glucanase enzyme, it being this higher in nine times when compared the treatment control. The SA acted in the Fusarium sp. in vitro control with fungitoxic action, suppressed mycelial growth in 28% if compared to control.

scholarly journals Biocontrol of Large Patch Disease in Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) by Bacillus subtilis SA-15: Identification of Active Compounds and Synergism with a Fungicide

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Young-Sun Kim ◽  
Kyo-Suk Lee ◽  
Hong-Gi Kim ◽  
Geung-Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Large Patch ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Patch Disease ◽  
Farming Soil

Bacillus subtilis SA-15 is a plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from non-farming soil. We aimed to identify lipopeptides produced by B. subtilis SA-15 and evaluate the control efficacy of B. subtilis SA-15 against large patch disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2 (IV) in zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica). Bacillus subtilis SA-15 inhibited mycelial growth of R. solani AG 2-2 (IV) in vitro and produced fengycin A and dehydroxyfengycin A, which are antifungal compounds. Fengycin A and deghydroxyfengycin A inhibited R. solani mycelial growth by 30.4 and 63.2%, respectively. We formulated B. subtilis SA-15 into a wettable powder and determined its control efficiency against large patch in a field trial. The control efficacy was 51.2–92.0%. Moreover, when B. subtilis SA-15 powder was applied together with half the regular dose of the fungicide pecycuron, the control efficacy was 88.5–100.0%. These results indicate that B. subtilis SA-15 can be used to control soil-borne diseases, including large patch caused by R. solani, because of lipopeptide production. The use of this bacterium can also reduce the amount of fungicide needed, providing an eco-friendly management option for turfgrass.

scholarly journals Estimation of the antifungal activity of some preparations against Diaporthe eres under in vitro conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Dorota Król ◽  
Barbara Anna Abramczyk ◽  
Beata Zimowska ◽  
Ewa Dorota Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Chemical Groups

Six fungicides from various chemical groups and two natural products, i.e., Biosept Active (grapefruit extract) and Beta-Chikol (chitosan) were tested in vitro against <em>Diaporthe eres</em> isolated from the shoots of fruit trees. The preparations were incorporated in PDA medium to provide final fungicide concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 g cm<sup>−3</sup>. Biosept Active concentrations of 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.1%, and Beta-Chikol concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 2.5%, respectively. The antifungal activity of the preparations was evaluated based on mycelial growth of <em>D. eres</em> strains after 4 and 8 days of culture and changes in the morphological structures of the fungus. The highest antifungal activity was registered for thiophanate-methyl at all tested concentrations, followed by thiram, which showed the same activity but only at 100 g cm<sup>−3</sup>. Among the preparations of natural origin, Beta-Chikol was more effective against <em>D. eres</em> than Biosept Active. The effects achieved by the former preparation were comparable with those achieved by some of the most effective fungicides tested against <em>D. eres</em>.

scholarly journals Inhibition of growth and sporulation of Penicillium expansum by extracts of selected Basidiomycetes

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Florianowicz
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Coprinus Comatus ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth

A screening of antifungal activity of 33 Basidiomycetes strains was realized with their extracts. The influence of aqueous extracts of fruit-bodies of the testeded fungi after addition of spores or hyphae of <em>Penicillium expansum</em> on growth and sporulation of the fitopathogen in vitro was estimated. The species: <em>Hydnum repandum</em> L.: Fr., <em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em> (Jacq.: Fr.) Kummer, <em>Coprinus comatus</em> (Műll Fr.) S.F. Gray, <em>Coprinus atramentarius</em> (Bull: Fr.) Fr. and <em>Lactarius turpis</em> (Weinm.) Fr. reduced the mycelial growth and inhibited sporulation of this pathogen.

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