scholarly journals Recent changes in business practices of the export insurance and financing agencies

2010 ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Jelena Vapa-Tankosic
Keyword(s):  
Financial Integration ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Export Credit ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
National Politics ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Production Organization ◽  
Export Credit Agencies

This paper analyzes the traditional main role of Export Credit Agencies (ECAs) which have from their founding been a tool for governments to support national companies in their export business and enhance the economy's capacity to penetrate foreign markets. Since 1919 when the first agency was established in the United Kingdom with the objective of guaranteeing exports to markets not covered by private insurers, ECAs have been the main promoters of national politics for providing coverage against commercial and non-commercial risks of export transactions. In the last years, in the light of enhanced institutional and legal framework, global trade and financial integration, structural transformation in production organization, and the increasing role of the private sector, significant changes in the model of traditional export credit support have occurred.

Design and Construction of the Nchanga Copper Tailings Leach Plant Stage 3

1987 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
P R Hampsheir
Keyword(s):  
Process Design ◽  
Export Credit ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
Full Production ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Copper Mines ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Transport Problems ◽  
Export Credit Agencies

The Nchanga Division of Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines Limited (ZCCM), the largest producing copper mine in the Commonwealth, has recently commissioned a new plant for reprocessing copper rich tailings. The tailings, some 140 million tonnes in total, are stored in large paddock dams. This paper records the problems and successes involved in completing the design, procurement and construction of the project, on time and ten per cent below budget. Design and project management was by Zambia Engineering Services Limited in Ashford, Kent, a subsidiary of ZCCM, and project funding was from a consortium of international hanks, export credit agencies and development organizations. The subjects dealt with include process design, project capital and funding, management, design and the use of models, estimating and cost control, planning, purchasing and procurement, construction and commissioning. The paper also highlights the problems associated with funding a new project of this type in the Third World in a depressed metals market, and the role of engineering in overcoming financial delays and transport problems. Commissioning started in April 1986 and the plant is now coming up to full production with a few, but not unexpected, problems bearing in mind the size and complexity of the plant. With the addition of stage 3 to the tailings leach plant at Nchanga throughput of ore is increased from 850 000 tonnes/month to 1500 000 tonnes/month and copper output by 40 000 tonnes/annum for a total cost of $250 M.

The main trends in the development of export credit agencies in the world

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2033-2049
Author(s):  
Hasan S. UMAROV
Keyword(s):  
Export Credit ◽  
State Support ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Trading System ◽  
The World ◽  
International Trading ◽  
Export Credits ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Export Credit Agencies

Subject. This article discusses the features and trends in the development of export credit agencies (ECA) in the world in the context of increasing competition of manufacturers for market share. Objectives. The article aims to show the peculiarities of the ECA's activities, reveal new aspects of their operation in modern conditions, and substantiate the need to change the international agreement in the field of export crediting and insurance. Methods. For the study, I used the comparative, statistical, and formal and logical methods. Results. The article shows the key role of ECA as an institution of State support for exports and a guarantor of the stability of the international trading system. It also finds that increased competition from Chinese and other ECAs that are not subject to the Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits – OECD rules, as well as the expanded role of ECA during the pandemic, necessitate uniform approaches to State support for exports of domestic producers at the WTO level. Conclusions. ECAs’ support remains one of the effective tools in implementing the State foreign economic policy and increasing the international competitiveness of certain sectors of the economy. The need to improve international rules on export credit and insurance to ensure the stability and sustainable development of international trade is becoming increasingly apparent.

Regional Parties and National Politics in Europe

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM B. HELLER
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Regional Parties ◽  
Nationalist Party ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Popular Party ◽  
The Relationship

Parties participate in national politics that do not pretend to national presence. The author asks whether such parties affect policy outcomes and concludes that they do, albeit in unexpected ways. Basically, nonnational parties influence policy making under certain conditions by trading policy for authority. They help national parties get the policies they want in return for transfers of policy-making authority to regional governments. This willingness to support national policies with minimal amendment makes regional parties attractive partners for national parties in government. The author examines this argument in light of detailed evidence from Spain's minority Socialist and Popular Party governments in the 1990s, along with discussions of the role of regionalism in Belgian politics and of the relationship between the Scottish Nationalist Party and the Labour Party in the United Kingdom.

7 Germany

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Happ Richard
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
International Arbitration ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Model Law

This chapter evaluates the merits of Germany as a venue for international arbitration proceedings. It discusses the history and development of arbitration in Germany; the processes and rules involved as well as the role of courts in the conduct of arbitration proceedings; and rules for arbitral awards. It concludes that Germany offers a modern and effective legal framework for international arbitration. As in other popular arbitration jurisdictions, there are deviations from the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Model Law regarding the courts' control of and assistance in the proceedings that do not affect Germany' s general suitability as arbitration venue. Nevertheless, a German venue is not always on the shortlist of counsel and arbitral tribunals. One possible obstacle in the minds of foreign lawyers is that there is not a single German arbitration venue akin to London for the United Kingdom or Paris for France. Instead, there are at least six suitable venues in Germany. The ability to choose should not be seen as an obstacle, but rather as an advantage.

Introduction: The Black Legend of William O. Jenkins

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Paxman
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Cuban Revolution ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Institutional Revolutionary Party ◽  
Revolutionary Party ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Point Of Departure

By 1960, William O. Jenkins was an octogenarian of thrifty habits, still pursuing his love of farming, but leftist leaders and journalists made him a political football, their critiques of his business practices designed to whip up sentiment against the dominant conservative wing of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The context was the Cold War, made tenser by the Cuban Revolution, with ideological battles between left and right using increasingly strident rhetoric; thus the name of the infamous gringo became a key rhetorical tool. This episode is a point of departure for laying out the book’s five key themes: the growth of Mexican capitalism in often adverse circumstances; interdependence between business and political elites; the role of the states, such as Puebla, in cultivating that bond and shifting national politics to the right; the evolution and political uses of gringophobia; and similarities between business in the United States and Mexico.

scholarly journals Service Insurance as a Subject of Activity of Export Credit Agencies in the EAEU

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniia Pavlovna Shipilova ◽  
Iulia Iurevna Ivanova ◽  
Anna Sergeevna Lesnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Export Credit ◽  
Development Banks ◽  
Export Credit Agencies

This article discusses the role of development banks and export credit agencies in the EAEU and their comparative characteristics. The authors analyze functions and directions of export credit agencies in the EAEU particularly. The analysis showed export risks, which export credit agencies insured by providing various types of services.

Removing Obstacles to Integration

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-100
Author(s):  
Alexis Drach
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
Financial Liberalization ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Capital Movements ◽  
Monetary Cooperation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Common

European integration played an important role in liberalizing banking and financial markets. Based on archival material from central banks, commercial banks, and bankers’ association in France and the United Kingdom, this chapter sheds light on the role of the European Economic Community in three areas: the realization of a common market in banking, the liberalization of capital movements, and the broader financial integration in the EEC. It argues that in the EEC, financial liberalization had two motives: the deepening of the Common Market, and consolidation of European monetary cooperation/integration. Removing obstacles to integration was the main way used to achieve these goals. The chapter further challenges the work of Rawi Abdelal, which overstates the role of France and downplays the role of the United Kingdom in the liberalization of the financial sector.

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