Comparison of Behavior Development in Snowshoe Hares and Red Squirrels

1956 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Nice ◽  
Constance Nice ◽  
Dorothea Ewers
Keyword(s):  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Behavior Development ◽  
Snowshoe Hares

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY CONDITION AND VULNERABILITY TO PREDATION IN RED SQUIRRELS AND SNOWSHOE HARES

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Wirsing ◽  
Todd D. Steury ◽  
Dennis L. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Snowshoe Hares

Barking damage by snowshoe hares and red squirrels in lodgepole pine stands in central British Columbia

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
Druscilla S. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Pine Stands

Barking damage by snowshoe hares (Lepusamericanus Erxleben) and red squirrels (Tamiasciurushudsonicus Erxleben) is common in overstocked stands of juvenile lodgepole pine (Pinusconforta Dougl.) in central British Columbia. Average proportion of potential crop trees damaged by hares was 30.0% and by squirrels was 37.7%. Most hare feeding injuries occurred in heavily stocked (> 20 000 stems/ha) stands, whereas squirrel damage was most common in less dense stands. Both animal species damaged trees in thinned stands, and hence may have a serious impact on stocking control programs in lodgepole pine.

scholarly journals Pest Damage Incidence in Natural and Thinned Lodgepole Pine in Alberta

1985 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. Bella
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Pest Damage ◽  
West Central ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Management Implication

Thinned stands of young lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) in west-central Alberta had a higher incidence of attack by common pest organisms than unthinned stands. Based on a sample of nearly 3000 potential crop trees (on 240 temporary plots) growing on 120 naturally regenerated cut blocks, the rate of attack in thinned vs. unthinned stands was 30% and 18% for western gall rust (Endo-cronartium harknessii (J.P. Moore) Y. Hiratsuka) and 25%. and 16% for leader damage due to terminal weevil (Pissodes terminalis Hopp.) and pitch twig moth (Petrova spp.) Damage from other agents, including that from small mammals, was low and little affected by thinning. Forest management implication of these results are discussed. Key words: western gall rust terminal weevil, pitch twig moth, snowshoe hares, red squirrels.

Prédation on red squirrels during a snowshoe hare decline

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kari Stuart-Smith ◽  
Stan Boutin
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Population Cycles ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Juvenile Survival ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Snowshoe Hares

We examined the extent and impact of predation on red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) during a cyclic decline of snowshoe hares in the southwestern Yukon, Canada. We monitored survival of squirrels on three control grids and a predator exclosure from March 1991 through August 1993. On controls, adult survival during the breeding season decreased from 1991, when snowshoe hare populations were high, to 1992, when hare populations declined rapidly. Survival increased slightly in 1993, when hare and predator populations were very low. Similarly, adult survival during winter was lower in 1992 – 1993 than in 1991 – 1992. Adult survival on the exclosure remained similar in each breeding season but declined during winter 1992 – 1993. Adult survival was similar on the controls and the exclosure in each year except during winter 1991–1992 and the 1992 breeding season, when it was lower on the controls. There was no difference in juvenile survival between the controls and the exclosure. Despite the decrease in adult survival due to predation, there was no population decline on any of the control grids. We conclude that predation did not have a measurable impact on red squirrel densities at Kluane and that it is unlikely red squirrels show 10-year population cycles in conjunction with snowshoe hares.

Temporal changes in habitat use by snowshoe hares and red squirrels during post-fire and post-logging forest succession

2014 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Allard-Duchêne ◽  
David Pothier ◽  
Angélique Dupuch ◽  
Daniel Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Snowshoe Hares

Winter food habits and foraging behaviour of fishers (Martes pennanti) and martens (Martes americana) in southeastern Manitoba

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Michael Raine
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Martes Americana ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Pine Martens ◽  
Winter Food ◽  
Frequency Occurrence

A tracking study of fishers, Martes pennanti, and American pine martens, Martes americana, conducted over two winters in southeastern Manitoba showed that both species preyed heavily on snowshoe hares, Lepus americanus, during a period of hare abundance. Fishers had an 84.3% frequency occurrence (n = 159) of hares in their scats, while martens had a frequency occurrence of 58.9% (n = 107). Martens had a higher frequency of microtincs and red squirrels, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, in their diets than did fishers. This difference was reflected in the foraging behaviour of the two species, with martens exhibiting more subnivean and arboreal behaviour than fishers.

scholarly journals Influence of Fertilization on Feeding Attacks to Lodgepole Pine by Snowshoe Hares and Red Squirrels

1982 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
Druscilla S. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Animal Damage ◽  
Snowshoe Hares ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
And Control

Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.) shows favourable growth and yield responses to spacing (thinning) and potentially to fertilization, but is susceptible to feeding injuries by snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus Erxleben) and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Erxleben). This study was designed to determine the incidence of animal damage to crop trees in a fertilized-spaced stand, compared with those in spaced only and control (unspaced) stands. There was little variation in the percentage of crop trees (range 53.6% to 63.3%) damaged by hares in the three stands. Hares removed an average of 92.2 cm2 of bark and associated vascular tissues per attack from fertilized stems compared with 46.2 cm2 in the spaced only stand. This latter value was nearly double that recorded in the control stand (27.4 cm2). Squirrels damaged more fertilized trees (38.9%) than trees in the spaced (30.9%) or control (14.3%) stands. Squirrels removed the largest average amount of bark (66.9 cm2) per attack from fertilized stems with little difference between spaced (41.6 cm2) and control (42.3 cm2) stands. We conclude that hares and squirrels clearly prefer to feed on fertilized lodgepole pine stems over those in non-fertilized or un-managed stands.

The final piece to a complete science of behavior: Behavior development and behavioral cusps.

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Bosch ◽  
Michael D. Hixson
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Development
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