Prolonged Breastfeeding as a Birth Spacing Method

Abstract Background The effect of short birth interval on socio-economic, negative maternal and child health outcomes remains common in developing countries. This study aimed to assess determinants of short birth interval among reproductive age women, who gave birth in health institution for last six-month in South Gondar, Ethiopia 2019. Methods Community-based unmatched case control study design was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2019. Sample size of 150 was included by simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by semi-structured and pre-tested face to face interviewer-administered questionnaire from selected respondent. The collected data was entered with Epi-Data version 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 23 software. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to examine the association. Odds ratio, 95% CI and P-value < 0.05 were used to determine the statistical association. Result The mean age of the respondents was 32.42 (SD ± 5.14) and 35.12 (SD ± 5.86) for cases and controls, respectively. Mothers not used contraceptives (AOR = 6.29, 95% CI (1.95, 20.24)), participants who had ≤2 alive children (AOR = 5.57, 95% CI (1.47, 21.13)), mothers who breast fed less than 24 months (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI (1.38, 8.46)), husband decision on contraceptives utilization (AOR = 2.69,95% CI (1.05,6.88)) and mothers who did not have history of antenatal care follow up (AOR = 3.52, 95% CI (1.27, 9.75)) were associated with short birth interval. Conclusion The optimum birth spacing plays a vital role in decreasing fertility and the morbidity and mortality of mothers and children. Thus, providing health information on the benefit of breast feeding, follow-up of antenatal care during pregnancy, use of contraceptives after delivery and encouraging mothers to make decisions about their own health and use of contraceptives to optimize birth spacing for rural communities.

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The Effect of Reframing the Goals of Family Planning Programs from Limiting Fertility to Birth Spacing: Evidence from Pakistan

Studies in Family Planning ◽

10.1111/sifp.12155 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Saman Naz ◽

Yubraj Acharya

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Birth Spacing ◽

Family Planning Programs

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Nutrition before Conception and the Outcome of Pregnancy

Nutrition and Health ◽

10.1177/0260106087005001-201 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 5 (1-2) ◽

pp. 31-43

Author(s):

Arthur Wynn ◽

McCarrison Society

Keyword(s):

Germ Cells ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Birth Spacing ◽

Maternal Vitamin ◽

Pregnancy Failure ◽

Direct Damage ◽

Nutritional Science ◽

Fresh Vegetables ◽

Nutritional Deficits ◽

New Mutations

Close birth spacing increases the risk of miscarriage, congenital malformation and perinatal death because it does not give a mother time to recover from the nutritional depletion caused by the first pregnancy or time to recover a normal hormonal profile before the beginning of the next pregnancy. The placental vitamin pump causes maternal vitamin depletion. Nutritional deficits do more damage to reproduction around the time of conception than later during pregnancy. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies can cause not only direct damage to embryonic development but damage to both male and female germ cells resulting in new mutations before a conception. New mutations can cause pregnancy failure or maldevelopment of the embryo. The realisation that nutritional deficits can be mutagenic opened a new chapter in nutritional science. Some nutrients are antimutagenic and already act as such within the digestive tract, but foods contain many other antimutagenic substances. The juices of many fresh vegetables in particular are antimutagenic.

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Good practices for the design, analysis, and interpretation of observational studies on birth spacing and perinatal health outcomes

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology ◽

10.1111/ppe.12605 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 376-376

Keyword(s):

Health Outcomes ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Birth Spacing ◽

Design Analysis ◽

Perinatal Health ◽

Good Practices

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PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK IBU DAN PELAYANAN ANTENATAL CARE TERHADAP KEJADIAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DI KLINIK PRATAMA BERTA TAHUN 2015

Elisabeth Health Jurnal ◽

10.52317/ehj.v1i2.199 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 37-47

Author(s):

Juliana Ambarita ◽

Merlina Sinabariba

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Birth Spacing ◽

Observational Research ◽

Easy Access ◽

Regression Result ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression ◽

Number Of Visits ◽

Maternity Clinic

Babies born with low birth weight (LBW) are babies born with weight ≤ 2500 grams. The causes of LBW are age, birth spacing, education, antenatal care. Goals : This study aims to analyze the influence of mother characteristics (education, maternal age, age of pregnancy, parity and distance between births) and antenatal care service (ANC) (number of visits and 7T examination components) to events at Primary Maternity Clinic Berta. Methods : This type of research is an observational research using cross sectional design approach. The population is all mothers giving birth at Maternity Clinic Pratama Berta 172 people. The sample amounted to 153 people with simple random sampling technique. Analysis of data with Chi Square and Multiple Logistic Regression (multiple logistic regression). Result : The results showed that the incidence of BBLR of 11.1%. Multiple logistic regression results stated the distance between births (p = 0.027) and the number of visits (p = 0.042) had an effect on the occurrence of LBW. The Exp value (B) of the birth distance is 3.386, so it can be concluded that pregnant women whose birth distance <24 months have 3 times greater probability of baby experiencing LBW and Exp (B) ANC service amounted to 8,496, so it can be concluded that pregnant women His ANC service is not good has a probability 8,496 times larger the baby has LBW. Conclution : For Employees at the Maternity Clinic, Berta provides easy access to ANC services and conducts reproductive health education for pregnant women about the health of pregnant women, the importance of ANC testing during pregnancy and the importance of using long-term contraceptives to regulate birth spacing.

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