scholarly journals Determinants of short birth interval among women in South Gondar, Ethiopia: community-based unmatched case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gedefaye Nibret Mihretie ◽  
Fentahun Yenealem Beyene ◽  
Bekalu Getnet Kassa ◽  
Alemu Degu Ayele ◽  
Tewachew Muche Liyeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Birth Spacing ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Short Birth Interval ◽  
South Gondar ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The effect of short birth interval on socio-economic, negative maternal and child health outcomes remains common in developing countries. This study aimed to assess determinants of short birth interval among reproductive age women, who gave birth in health institution for last six-month in South Gondar, Ethiopia 2019. Methods Community-based unmatched case control study design was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2019. Sample size of 150 was included by simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by semi-structured and pre-tested face to face interviewer-administered questionnaire from selected respondent. The collected data was entered with Epi-Data version 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 23 software. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to examine the association. Odds ratio, 95% CI and P-value < 0.05 were used to determine the statistical association. Result The mean age of the respondents was 32.42 (SD ± 5.14) and 35.12 (SD ± 5.86) for cases and controls, respectively. Mothers not used contraceptives (AOR = 6.29, 95% CI (1.95, 20.24)), participants who had ≤2 alive children (AOR = 5.57, 95% CI (1.47, 21.13)), mothers who breast fed less than 24 months (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI (1.38, 8.46)), husband decision on contraceptives utilization (AOR = 2.69,95% CI (1.05,6.88)) and mothers who did not have history of antenatal care follow up (AOR = 3.52, 95% CI (1.27, 9.75)) were associated with short birth interval. Conclusion The optimum birth spacing plays a vital role in decreasing fertility and the morbidity and mortality of mothers and children. Thus, providing health information on the benefit of breast feeding, follow-up of antenatal care during pregnancy, use of contraceptives after delivery and encouraging mothers to make decisions about their own health and use of contraceptives to optimize birth spacing for rural communities.

scholarly journals Determinants of short birth interval among ever married reproductive age women: A community based unmatched case control study at Dessie city administration, Northern Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243046
Author(s):  
Habtamu Shimels Hailemeskel ◽  
Tesfaye Assebe ◽  
Tadesse Alemayehu ◽  
Demeke Mesfin Belay ◽  
Fentaw Teshome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Interval ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Short Birth Interval ◽  
Control Study

Background Short birth interval is a universal public health problem resulting in adverse fetal, neonatal, child and maternal outcomes. In Ethiopia, more than 50% of the overall inter birth spacing is short. However, prior scientific evidence on its determinants is limited and even then findings are inconsistent. Methods A community -based unmatched case-control study was employed on 218 cases and 436 controls. Cases were ever married reproductive age women whose last delivery has been in the past five years with birth interval of less than 3 years between the latest two successive live births whereas those women with birth interval of 3–5 years were taken as controls. A multistage sampling technique was employed on 30% of the kebeles in Dessie city administration. A pre-tested interviewer based questionnaire was used to collect data by 16 trained diploma nurses and 8 health extension workers supervised by 4 BSc nurses. The collected data were cleaned, coded and double entered into Epi-data version 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 22. Binary logistic regression model was considered and those variables with P<0.25 in the bivariable analysis were entered in to final model after which statistical significance was declared at P< 0.05 using adjusted odds ratio at 95% CI. Result In this study, contraceptive use (AOR = 11.2, 95% CI: 5.95–21.15), optimal breast feeding for at least 2 years (AOR = 0.098, 95% CI:0.047–0.208), age at first birth <25 years (AOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.282–0.761), having male preceding child (AOR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.166–0.793) and knowing the duration of optimum birth interval correctly (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.245–0.811) were significant determinants of short birth interval. Conclusion Contraceptive use, duration of breast feeding, age at first birth, preceding child sex and correct understanding of the duration of birth interval were significant determinants of short birth interval. Fortunately, all these significant factors are likely modifiable. Thus, the existing efforts of optimizing birth interval should be enhanced through proper designation and implementation of different strategies on safe breastfeeding practice, modern contraceptive use and maternal awareness about the health merits of optimum birth interval.

scholarly journals Determinant of Implanon Discontinuation among Women Who Ever Used Implanon in Diguna Fango District, Wolayita Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Community Based Case Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanuel Tadesse ◽  
Mekides Kondale ◽  
Eskzyiaw Agedew ◽  
Feleke Gebremeskel ◽  
Negussie Boti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Expiry Date ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Control Study

Background. A significant number of women make Implanon their first choice of contraception. However, they discontinue their Implanon before its expiry date was high, but factors that contribute to discontinuing their Implanon were poorly described in Ethiopia. Methods. A community based unmatched case control study was conducted. Then simple random sampling technique was used to select 340 women. Data was collected by nurses using face to face interview. Epi-Info version 7 and SPSS 20 software were used. Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions were performed with COR and AOR with 95% CI. Findings. Having preinsertion counseling (AOR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.20–0.64), having follow-up appointment (AOR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.2–0.62), age at insertion <20 years (AOR: 3, 95% CI: 1.16–7.8), women who had no formal education (AOR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.31–6.11), women who had ≤4 children (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.01–3.21), and women who had previous abortion history (AOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.10–4.63) were determinants of Implanon discontinuation. Conclusions. Policy makers and concerned bodies should take into account future intervention and also great emphasis should be given to follow-up appointment and counseling services, especially counseling on side effects, and informed choice for clients after Implanon insertion.

scholarly journals Expanding Maternity Waiting Homes as an Approach to Improve Institutional Delivery in Southwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110182
Author(s):  
Meaza Hailu ◽  
Fikru Tafese ◽  
Gebeyehu Tsega ◽  
Ayinengida Adamu ◽  
Kiddus Yitbarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Delivery ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Maternity Waiting Homes ◽  
Control Study

With the promising efforts in increasing institutional delivery yet, maternal and child mortality is high in Ethiopia. One of the strategies used to minimize this problem was the introduction of Maternity Waiting Homes (MWH). MWHs are residential facilities for pregnant women near a qualified medical facility. The introduction of MWHs has improved institutional delivery in many countries. In Ethiopia however, the contribution of MWHs was rarely studied. To fill this gap, we have conducted a community-based unmatched case-control study from March 1 to April 20, 2016, in Southwestern Ethiopia. Mothers who delivered at a health facility within 1 year were considered as cases while mothers delivered at home were controls. We used simple random sampling to identify study participants from the pool of cases and controls who were identified by census. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Binary logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors. A total of 140 cases and 273 controls were included in the study. Among the case, 86 (61.4%) used MWHs during their last delivery. Variables like educational status of the mothers [AOR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.41, 6.23], educational status of the husband [AOR = 5.19, 95% CI: 1.52, 17.76], and having antenatal care follow up [AOR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.59, 6.54]. This study remarks, accessing MWHs, creating better awareness in utilizing them, and practicing antenatal follow-up have a crucial role in improving institutional delivery. Therefore, strengthening the existing and establishing new MWHs to deliver quality services is a good strategy in reducing home delivery.

scholarly journals Factors associated with preterm birth at Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed memorial hospital, southern Ethiopia: case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Negeso Gebeyehu Gejo ◽  
Melaku Tesfaye W/mariam ◽  
Biruk Assefa Kebede ◽  
Ritbano Ahmed Abdo ◽  
Abebe Alemu Anshebo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Preterm birth is defined as the birth of a baby before 37 completed weeks of gestation. Worldwide, prematurity is the second foremost cause of death in children under the age of 5 years. Preterm birth also gives rise to short and long term complications. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with preterm birth in Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammed Memorial referral hospital, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based unmatched case-control study was conducted from July 01, 2018 to June 30, 2019 among mothers who gave birth in Wachemo University Nigest Eleni Mohammed Memorial referral hospital. A retrospective one-year data was retrieved from medical records of mothers with their index neonates. Simple random sampling technique was employed to recruit study participants. SPSS version 20 software was used for data entry and computing statistical analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association of each independent variable with the dependent variable. Odds ratio with their 95% confidence intervals was computed to identify the presence and strength of association, and statistical significance was affirmed if p < 0.05. Result The current study evaluated 213 medical records of mothers with index neonates (71 cases and 142 controls). Urban residency [AOR = 0.48; 95% Cl; 0.239, 0.962], antenatal care follow up [AOR = 0.08; 95 Cl; 0.008, 0.694], premature rupture of membranes [AOR = 3.78; 95% Cl; 1.467, 9.749], pregnancy induced hypertension [AOR = 3.77; 95% Cl; 1.408, 10.147] and multiple pregnancies [AOR = 5.53; 95% Cl; 2.467, 12.412] were the factors associated with preterm birth. More than one-third (36.6%) preterm neonates died in the present study. Conclusions The present study found that urban residency, antenatal care follow up, premature rupture of membranes, pregnancy induced hypertension and multiple pregnancies were factors associated with preterm birth. The mortality among preterm neonates is high. Enhancing antenatal care follow up and early detection and treatment of disorders among pregnant women during antenatal care and undertaking every effort to improve outcomes of preterm birth and reduce neonatal mortality associated with prematurity is decisive.

scholarly journals Laminoplasty with selective fusion at unstable segment versus laminectomy with fusion for multilevel cervical myelopathy: a case‐control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Du ◽  
Yanzheng Gao ◽  
Changqing Zhao ◽  
Tangjun Zhou ◽  
Haijun Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Axial Symptom ◽  
Segmental Instability ◽  
Neurologic Status ◽  
Multilevel Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Segmental cervical instability is a risk factor for the progression of osteophytic bone spurs and development of myelopathy, and is treated as a relative contraindication of cervical laminoplasty. The aim of this study was to compare laminoplasty with selective fixation (LPSF) versus laminectomy with fusion (LCF) in patients with multilevel cervical myelopathy accompanied by segmental instability. Methods A case-control study was conducted by reviewing data from 63 patients who underwent LPSF (n = 30) or LCF (n = 33). Cervical alignment, range of motion (ROM), neurologic status and axial symptom severity pre-operation, 3-days after operation, and at the final follow-up (minimum 24 months) were measured and compared between groups. Results Postoperation, patients in the LPSF group lost 31.1 ± 17.3 % of cervical lordosis and 43.2 ± 10.9 % cervical ROM while patients in the LCF group lost 5.7 ± 8.2 % and 67.9 ± 15.5 %, respectively. Both LPSF and LCF groups significantly improved neurologic status and axial symptom severity at the final follow-up with similar between-group results(P > 0.05). Blood loss, operation time, hospital stay, and medical cost in the LPSF group were significantly less than in the LCF group(P < 0.05). Conclusions In 2 years of clinical observation, LPSF was effective in maintaining the stability of the cervical spine with less sacrifice of mobility and surgical trauma for multilevel myelopathy with segmental instability compared to LCF.

scholarly journals Familial aggregation of Parkinson's disease in a multiethnic community-based case-control study

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 2587-2594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Y. Shino ◽  
Valerie McGuire ◽  
Stephen K. Van Den Eeden ◽  
Caroline M. Tanner ◽  
Rita Popat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Control Study
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