Child Soldiers: The Role of Children in Armed Conflicts. By Ilene Cohn and Guy S. Goodwin-Gill. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994. Pp. 220. Index. $17.95. - Conference on the Rights of Children in Armed Conflict: Final Report of a Conference held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, on 20-21 June 1994. By G. H. Aldrich and Th. A. van Baarda. The Hague: International Dialogues Foundation, 1994. Pp. 149.

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-852
Author(s):  
Frits Kalshoven
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Final Report ◽  
The Hague

The role of the urban agriculture on food security during armed conflicts in the Gaza Strip

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-503
Author(s):  
Hadi Khalil, MA ◽  
Husam Al Najar, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Quantitative Design ◽  
The Gaza Strip

This study aims to assess the potential of urban agriculture to secure daily needs during the armed conflicts, in addition to assess the contribution of urban agriculture in alleviating poverty level and unemployment rate for its practitioners. A combination of both quantitative and qualitative research methods was employed in this study. In the quantitative design, 129 randomly selected urban farmers from the area of the survey completed the self-administered close-ended questionnaires, whereas the statistical analysis presents the socio-demographic, economic, and other aspects of the households. The qualitative data collection included interviews with six governmental and nongovernmental officials.The results show that 89.2 percent of the urban agriculture practitioners are feeling food security. However, a small percentage of the households who practice urban agriculture are still experiencing difficulties with food security. In the meantime, the armed conflict forced most of the urban farmers to evacuate their homes or lands; thus, only 34.9 percent of urban farmers managed to gain food during the 2014 armed conflict.In a nutshell, urban agriculture significantly and positively contributes to alleviating household food insecurity in the study area. However, its role was very limited during the 2014 armed conflict.

The Second Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 63-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Desch
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
General System ◽  
Hague Convention ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
The Hague ◽  
International Character

On 26 March 1999, the Diplomatic Conference on the Second Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (hereinafter, 1954 Convention), held in The Hague from 15 to 26 March 1999, adopted a Second Protocol to that Convention. The reasons leading to the elaboration and adoption of the Second Protocol to the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (hereinafter, Second Protocol) are manifold.Firstly, armed conflicts that have taken place since the entry into force of the 1954 Convention, such as in Cambodia, the Middle East or the former Yugoslavia, have revealed its deficiencies. In particular, the Convention lacked full application, as most of the armed conflicts have been of a non-international character; furthermore, it lacked proper implementation, as the system of execution of the Convention, which is based on a functioning Protecting Power-and Commissioner General-system, proved to be unworkable in practice; and, finally, it lacked adequate provisions to cope with the extensive and systematic destruction of cultural property during armed conflict, as it contains no mandatory criminal sanctions regime.

Feminist revision of oral history methodology for the study of armed conflicts

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Zuriñe Rodríguez Lara ◽  
Sergio Villanueva Baselga
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Feminist Epistemology ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Oral Information

This article sets out presenting the methodological toolbox created for the study of very specific reality: the gathering of oral information in the study of armed conflicts. Taking as a valid reference the oral history technique, we explored new methodological processes that allowed us to reach the lives and stories of the people interviewed more deeply, with a closer approach to their lives, but at the same time respecting and ensuring maximum access and confidentiality. To do this, the oral history methodology was reviewed with the main contributions of feminist epistemology. Thereby, we created ex profeso new methodological processes adapted to study the role of women as violence perpetrators in armed conflicts. Our proposal expands up to 5 different phases with either technical or emotional functions. The validity of this new methodological toolbox has been tested through an extensive research in the armed conflict of the Basque Country (Spain) performing oral histories to 25 women and 10 men.

Child Soldiers: The Role of Children in Armed Conflicts

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Eliot A. Cohen ◽  
Guy Goodwingill ◽  
Ilene Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Armed Conflicts

scholarly journals Humanitarian Law Perspective on the Protection of the Rights of Children in Armed Conflicts

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Yared Hetharie ◽  
Yosia Hetharie
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Rights Of The Child

Children are often victims of armed disputes, not only in the case they are trapped in situations of armed conflict but also children are often included directly as child soldiers, therefore children must be given protection to obtain their rights as a child in an armed dispute. Child protection is closely related to Human Rights that have been generally recognized by the international community. International legal instruments and national law have regulated the protection of children's rights. Countries that are involved in armed disputes and do not implement the provisions of humanitarian law in particular the protection of the rights of the child and are considered a war crime. This research is a legal research, which is a process to find the rule of law, legal principles, and legal doctrines in order to answer the legal issues faced with the approach used is the legal approach, which is carried out by examining all laws and regulations relating to the legal issues being addressed. Countries that have not ratified the provisions of Humanitarian law, should be able to ratify the provisions of Humanitarian law regarding the protection of children from being directly involved in armed disputes, and implement them into armed disputes, and implement them into their respective national legislation each country.

scholarly journals TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE: THE REINTEGRATION OF CHILD SOLDIERS THROUGH POST-CONFLICT METHODS OF JUSTICE

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Barbosa-Fohrmann
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Child Soldiers ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Made In

<p>This paper examines the problematic of child soldiers, based on inter alia the strategy of research <br />and study of the United Nations Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for <br />Children and Armed Conflict and on the priorities of the Machel Study. Here, national and international <br />law will be applied on countries where children are recruited by armed groups. Concerning domestic <br />jurisdiction alternative or traditional methods of justice as well as formal legal methods will be <br />addressed. Specifically, this paper will focus on three main subjects: 1) the possibility of prosecution <br />and judgment of adolescents, who participated in armed conflicts; 2) prosecution and judgment of war lords <br />and 3) civil reparation proportional to the damage caused by an armed conflict. These three subjects will <br />be construed according to (traditional or alternative and formal) national and international law. Finally, <br />some recommendations will be made in order to improve the system of reintegration of child soldiers in <br />post-conflict countries.</p>

scholarly journals Resolving the issue of missing persons with reference to the role of the international community

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Krstić ◽  
Marko Milović
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
International Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Missing Persons ◽  
Role Of The State

The existence of the problem of missing persons is a necessary consequence of armed conflicts, even conflicts that arose on the territory of the former Yugoslavia. After twenty years or more, we still have a fairly large number of wanted persons who are listed as missing. The attempts of the international community to help solve these painful issues, which especially concern their families and which arose both during and after the armed conflict, especially in Croatia and on the territory of Kosovo and Metohija, were pointed out. In this regard, a review was given of the Declaration on the Role of the State in Resolving the Issue of Missing Persons from 2014, which was signed by four countries in the region and which should be an incentive in resolving this issue.

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