Dry Matter Production and Photosynthesis of Hordeum vulgare L. In the Field

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 877 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fukai ◽  
S. Koh ◽  
A. Kumura
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Matter Production

Phosphorus concentration in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seed: Influence on seedling growth and dry matter production

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zhang ◽  
M. Nyborg ◽  
W. B. McGill
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Matter Production

scholarly journals Modelling growth and nitrogen balance of barley under ambient and future conditions

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jouko Kleemola ◽  
Tuomo Karvonen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Matter Production

According to current scenarios, atmospheric CO2 -concentration ([CO2]) and average air temperature will rise in the future. The predicted longer growing season in Finland would imply that more productive cultivars and even new crop species could be grown. Moreover, higher [CO2] is also likely to increase dry matter production of crops. This study analyzed the growth of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under ambient and suggested future conditions, and its response to N fertilization. Model simulations of soil temperature and of snow accumulation and melting were also studied. The calibration and validation results showed that the model performed well in simulating snow dynamics, soil temperature, the growth of barley, and the response of crop growth to N fertilization under present conditions. According to the simulation runs, if a cultivar was adapted to the length of the growing period, the increase in dry matter production was 23% in a low estimate scenario of climate change, and 56% in a high estimate scenario under a high level of nitrogen fertilization. The simulation study showed that the shoot dry weight increased by 43%, on average, under high N fertilization (150-200 kg N/ha), but by less (20%) under a low level of N (25-50 kg N/ha) when the conditions under a central scenario for the year 2050 were compared with the present ones.

THE EFFECT OF Ca AND Mg CONCENTRATIONS IN NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON THE DRY MATTER YIELD AND Ca, Mg AND K CONTENT OF BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. GRANT ◽  
G. J. RACZ
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Nutrient Solution Culture ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
High Concentrations

Dry matter production by barley grown in nutrient solution culture was reduced by concentrations of Ca or Mg greater than 8 mmol L−1. Johnston barley was somewhat more sensitive to high levels of Ca and Mg than Bonanza. High concentrations of Ca or Mg did not inhibit uptake of K by the plant. Therefore, the reduction in barley growth was directly caused by excessive levels of Ca and Mg, and not due to a K deficiency induced by excess Ca or Mg. Key words: Calcium, magnesium, potassium, nutrient solution, barley, Hordeum vulgare

The influence of low rates of air-dried biosolids on yield and phosphorus and zinc nutrition of wheat (Triticum durum) and barley( Hordeum vulgare)

Soil Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Weggler-Beaton ◽  
Robin D. Graham ◽  
Michael J. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Mineral Fertiliser ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Fertiliser Application

In field studies in 1992 and 1993, biosolid applications of 2 t/ha with supplements of mineral N and P were compared with a standard mineral fertiliser application (20 kg N/ha, 20 kg P/ha, 1.8–2.8 kg Zn/ha, 1.4–1.9 kg Cu/ha, 0.5–4 kg Mn/ha) on 4 soil types. Biosolid rates from 2 to 10 t/ha were applied in 1993. Shoot dry matter production at different stages of plant development (9 and 15 weeks after sowing) and grain production of Triticum durum and Hordeum vulgare, as well as nutrient concentration in shoots and grain, were taken as indicators for comparing nutrient availability of the 2 sources. A 2-t biosolid application was found to enhance dry-matter production and yield to the same extent as a mineral fertiliser application of 20 kg N/ha, 20 kg P/ha, and 1.8–2.8 kg Zn/ha. In some crop rotations and on sites with a high yield potential, additional nitrogen with 2 t biosolids/ha would be necessary to achieve such yields. However, development of durum wheat fertilised with 2 t biosolids was slower and P uptake lower than with mineral fertiliser until late booting. Durum wheat fertilised with 4 t biosolids showed similar P-uptake values as plants fertilised with the mineral fertiliser. The Zn-uptake of plants was positively correlated with biosolid application rates, showing a linear relationship. A 2-t biosolid application alleviated micronutrient deficiency to the same extent as the same rate of Zn (and Cu) given in mineral form.

The agronomic value of annual plant diversity in crop-weed systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Szumigalski ◽  
Rene C. Van Acker
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Annual Plant ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Matter Production

Enhanced crop or cultivar diversity within annual cropping systems could provide important ecological and agronomic benefits. The agronomic effects of annual plant diversity from mixtures of crop species and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar types were compared using richness levels of 1, 2, 5 or 10 randomly selected taxa in a greenhouse experiment. Increasing crop richness increased overall crop dry matter production, production stability (i.e., decreased CV for dry matter production) and weed suppression. These agronomic variables tended to level off after a richness of five to six crop species, suggesting that further increases in crop diversity are redundant. Increasing barley cultivar richness increased crop production in one of two experimental runs, but no effects were observed for weed suppression. Increased light interception related to greater plant canopy height variation in diverse mixtures of species could have contributed to increased productivity in the crop richness experiment. The results of this study suggest that the ecological functions of diversity provide productivity, yield stability and weed suppression benefits for mixtures of crop species, and even perhaps for mixtures of cultivars within a given crop species. Key words: Diversity (crop), suppression (weed), stability (yield), intercropping, cultivars (barley), oat (wild)

EFFECTS OF BARLEY INTRACOLEOPTILAR INTERNODE LENGTH AND EFFECTIVE XYLEM RADIUS ON WATER USE AND DRY MATTER PRODUCTION

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
R. B. IRVINE ◽  
M. C. THERRIEN
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Available Soil Moisture ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Measured Water

A series of experiments was conducted to determine if altering the length and effective xylem radius (EXR) of the intracoleoptilar internode (ICI) of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) would alter water use and increase yields. Uniculm barley genotype F73-1 with long ICI conserved soil water from seeding to maturity, on a very restricted water supply. However, plants with long ICI did not produce significantly more (P > 0.1) dry matter or grain despite using less water per gram of dry matter produced. Plants of cultivar Abee, which have short ICI, used more water than plants with long ICI, under sample available soil moisture. Over a 3-h period, measured water loss for short ICI plants was, on average, 2.32 g vs. 1.37 g for long ICI plants. Progeny selected from the cross Abee/TR450 with genetically long ICI and small EXR, and those with short ICI and large EXR did not differ in water use or in amount of dry matter produced. When 16 barley cultivars were sown on a light-textured soil at 4 and 7 cm seeding depths, there was no cultivar by seeding depth interaction in any of four field experiments conducted. The cultivar Abee, with a long ICI and small EXR, did not produce higher yields. While increasing the length of the ICI of a given genotype and reducing its EXR may be of value under extreme conditions where plants are growing on stored subsoil moisture, this trait appears to be of little use in improving grain yields on drought-prone sandy soils in the eastern prairie region of western Canada.Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, intracoleoptilar internode, effective xylem radius, drought tolerance

EFFECTS OF CROP RESIDUES ON PRODUCTION OF BARLEY, BROMEGRASS AND ALFALFA IN THE GREENHOUSE AND OF BARLEY IN THE FIELD

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WADDINGTON ◽  
K. E. BOWREN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Rape Straw ◽  
Matter Production

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Conquest), bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss. cv. Magna), and alfalfa (Medicago media Pers. cv. Beaver) were grown together in a greenhouse in soil amended with ground straw or chaff. Additions of 8,970 kg/ha of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. Target and B. campestris L. cv. Echo) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Manitou) straws reduced barley grain and straw production and bromegrass dry matter production at the first harvest. Alfalfa dry matter production at the first cut increased where wheat and Echo rape straws were incorporated in the soil, but not where Target rape straw was used. Subsequent harvests of bromegrass and alfalfa showed no effects that were consistent between two independent experiments. On Span rape stubble in the field, barley produced 3,600 kg/ha of grain where a rape swath had lain the previous fall, compared with a production of 3,300 kg/ha elsewhere. This difference was significant (P < 0.01) and correlated with a difference in soil nitrogen. A second experiment where 6,730 kg/ha of rape straw were incorporated in summer-fallowed soil containing 22 ppm of nitrogen in the top 61 cm, barley yields averaged 5,100 kg/ha and were not affected by the added straw. The results are interpreted as showing that rapeseed residues in Melfort silty clay loam are not more deleterious than wheat residues to subsequent crops and that the principal cause of yield reductions is a deficiency of available nitrogen in the soil caused by microbial activity on the crop residues.

Dry matter production of green pea influenced by herbicides

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-380
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Nádasy ◽  
Gábor Wágner
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Green Pea

Effects of Drought Stress on Physiological Characteristics and Dry Matter Production in Maize Silking Stage

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1884-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren-He ZHANG ◽  
Dong-Wei GUO ◽  
Xing-Hua ZHANG ◽  
Hai-Dong LU ◽  
Jian-Chao LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Effects of Soil Tillage Practice on Dry Matter Production and Water Use Effi-ciency in Wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1432-1440
Author(s):  
Cheng-Yan ZHENG ◽  
Shi-Ming CUI ◽  
Dong WANG ◽  
Zhen-Wen YU ◽  
Yong-Li ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Tillage Practice ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Effi Ciency
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