Rural Clockmaking in Eighteenth-Century Wales: Samuel Roberts of Llanfair Caereinion, 1755–1774

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-75
Author(s):  
Alun C. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Scholarly Attention

With the recent publication of David S. Landes's Revolution in Time (1983) the business of clockmaking has begun to receive the scholarly attention that its historical significance warrants. In this finely etched case study, Mr. Davies draws on a remarkable business record—Samuel Roberts's Register of Clocks—to document a previously obscure chapter in the history of this frequently neglected business: the crafting, sale, and distribution of grandfather clocks in eighteenth-century rural Wales. And if, as Landes contends, “the consumption of timepieces may well be the best proxy measure of modernization,” then Davies's study illuminates a key development in the rise of the modern world.

Court Jews, Printers, Book Publishing, and the Beginning of the Haskalah in the German Lands: The Life History of the Wulffian Printing Press as a Case-Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-55
Author(s):  
Gad Freudenthal
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Life History ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Printing Press ◽  
Continuous Contact ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
Guide Of The Perplexed

Abstract This article presents the history of a printing press that operated at several places near Berlin during the first half of the eighteenth century, culminating in the epoch-making reprinting of Maimonides’ Guide of the Perplexed in 1742. The press was established in Dessau in 1694 by the court Jew Moses Wulff (1661–1729), and was run by several printers, notably the convert Israel b. Abraham (fl. 1715–1752). Using the trajectory of the Wulff press as a case study, I examine the relations between scholars, patrons of learning (especially court Jews), printers, and book publishing. The inquiry will highlight the considerable role that court Jews played in shaping the Jewish bookshelf, notably by choosing which books (reprints and original) would be funded. Surprisingly perhaps, although court Jews were in continuous contact with the environing culture, they did not usually favor the printing of non-traditional Jewish works that would favor a rapprochement.

scholarly journals Polyphony and Poikilia: Theology and Aesthetics in the Exegesis of Tradition in Georgian Chant

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
(Freedman)
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Folk Song ◽  
Geometrical Approach ◽  
Musical Structure ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Scholarly Attention ◽  
Over Time

Georgian polyphonic chant and folk song is beginning to receive scholarly attention outside its homeland, and is a useful case study in several respects. This study focuses on the theological nature of its musical material, examining relevant examples in light of the patristic understanding of hierarchy and prototype and of iconography and liturgy. After brief historical and theological discussions, chant variants and paraliturgical songs from various periods and regions are analysed in depth, using a primarily geometrical approach, describing the iconography and significance of style, musical structure, contrapuntal relationships, melodic figuration, and ornamentation. Aesthetics and compositional processes are discussed, and the theological approach in turn sheds light on questions of historical development. It is demonstrated that Georgian polyphony is a rich repository of theology of the Trinity and the Incarnation, and the article concludes with broad theological reflections on the place of sound as it relates to text, prayer, and tradition over time.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bruce Hindmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Christian Spirituality ◽  
Bearing Witness ◽  
History Of

Reviewing the arguments of the preceding chapters, it is possible to see evangelical devotion in all its intensity as an episode in the longer history of Christian spirituality, one that appears uniquely now in a society that is modernizing and naturalizing. We cannot do justice to the experience of eighteenth-century people by offering reductionist explanations of their religion that depend upon the modern, naturalist assumptions they were contesting. This would be to beg the question of what is the meaning of religious experience in the modern world by simply erecting an agnostic firewall against the very possibility. Instead, we may see the evangelicals of the eighteenth century as bearing witness in their lives and writings to the continued experience of God’s presence in the modern world. The perdurance of evangelical religion across three centuries and five continents suggests the evangelical quest for “true religion” will not slow anytime soon.

scholarly journals The Parthenon, Pericles and King Solomon: a case study of Ottoman archaeological imagination in Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-274
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Key Fowden
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Eighteenth Century ◽  
The City

What made Athens different from other multi-layered cities absorbed into the Ottoman Empire was the strength of its ancient reputation for learning that echoed across the Arabic and Ottoman worlds. But not only sages were remembered and Islamized in Athens; sometimes political figures were too. In the early eighteenth century a mufti of Athens, Mahmud Efendi, wrote a rarely studiedHistory of the City of Sages (Tarih-i Medinetü’l-Hukema)in which he transformed Pericles into a wise leader on a par with the Qur'anic King Solomon and linked the Parthenon mosque to Solomon's temple in Jerusalem.

Patristic Scholarship and Religious Contention, 1678–1716

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-303
Author(s):  
Jetze Touber
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Specific Interests ◽  
Scholarly Attention ◽  
Collective Enterprise

Lactantius’s treatise De mortibus persecutorum, which celebrates the end of the persecutions of Christians in the Roman empire, was lost for six centuries. Its discovery in 1678 was a European event which set the sophisticated machinery of information exchange in the republic of letters in motion. Scholars joined forces in expounding the historical significance of the patristic text. However, this collective enterprise was also bound up with theological-political interests. Editors and commentators were all affected by affairs of state and ecclesiastical policy, which conditioned their engagement with the treatise. This article reviews the editorial history of De mortibus persecutorum, during the three decades in which it attracted scholarly attention, and it highlights the specific interests of the scholars involved. The focus will be on Gijsbert Cuper (1644–1716), often depicted as an exemplary member of the republic of letters. His paper legacy allows us to recover the theological-political concerns which informed his investigations.

Caucasica

1943 ◽  
Vol 75 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
H. W. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Script Language ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
History Of Writing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
To Receive

Knowledge of scholarly literature produced in recent years in Georgia is all too little disseminated in England. I was delighted to receive a copy of vol. xiii of the Bulletin of the Marr Institute of Languages, History, and Material Culture, published by the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR (Sahartvelos SSR Mecnierebata Ak'ademia), Tiflis, 1942. This volume contains “A Bilingual Inscription from Armazi near Mcheta in Georgia,” by Professor George Tseretheli, written in Georgian with an almost complete English translation, and with three excellent photographs. The bilingual inscription is in Greek (10 lines) and Aramaic (11 lines), and is one of two inscriptions found at Armazi, 22 km. from Tiflis, in 1940 in excavations under the direction of the late I. Javakhishvili. A report of this discovery was made at the Session of the Scientific Council of the Institute in 1940, and at the first Conference of the Georgian Academy of Sciences on the 1st March, 1941. The Greek inscription was published by S. Qaukhchishvili (Qauχčlišvili) and A. Shanidze in 1941. Professor Tseretheli has analysed the Aramaic inscription, its script, language, and historical significance, and offered a translation. The script which he proposes to call Armazian Aramaic, a new variety of this alphabet; is of great importance for the history of writing in Georgia.

scholarly journals Translation in Intersystemic Interaction: A Case Study of Eighteenth-Century Russia1

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Tyulenev
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Systems Theory ◽  
System Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Functioning

The article considers the applicability of Niklas Luhmann’s social systems theory to the study of translation. The focus of this paper is the intersystemic aspect of translation’s social involvements. Translation is considered as a social subsystem acting as a boundary phenomenon (opening/closing the system) and as a mechanism of the system/environment throughput. The theory of social-systemic functioning of translation is exemplified by a case study of the translation history of eighteenth-century Russia.

Bredarör on Kivik: a monumental cairn and the history of its interpretation

Antiquity ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (320) ◽  
pp. 359-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Goldhahn
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
History Of Interpretation ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Receive

AbstractThe famous monumental Bronze Age cairn Bredarör on Kivik with its decorated stone coffin or cist has been described as a ‘pyramid of the north’. Situating his work as the latest stage in a long history of interpretation that began in the eighteenth century, the author analyses the human bone that survived from the 1930s excavation and shows that the cist and chamber must have remained open to receive burials over a period of 600 years.

The Constitutional Theories of Thomas Paine

1946 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
Common People ◽  
Thomas Paine ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
The Common

The latter half of the eighteenth century was a period of tremendous social, political, and economic fermentation. Much of our contemporary civilization was shaped by the forces released during those five decades. Frenchmen, Englishmen, and Germans of great ability and deserved renown had written and were writing of the rights of man and of the citizen. More than ever before in the history of the modern world thought was being given to the lot of the common people. In America, and later in France, Thomas Paine epitomized this liberal intellectual trend in words that have been adopted as classic expressions of the inherent value of the human personality.Unfortunately, the phenomenal growth of industrial capitalism during he nineteenth and twentieth centuries caused the new bourgeois ruling classes to lose sight of the basic human values stressed so emphatically by the eighteenth-century intellectuals.

Survival and Abolition: The Eighteenth Century Paraguayan Encomienda

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Schofield Saeger
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
High Position ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
Short Run ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scholarly Attention

The history of the encomienda is an oft' told tale, although certain questions about the institution still provoke debate. Even the Paraguayan encomienda has received conscientious scholarly attention, most of which concentrates on the Habsburg period rather than the eighteenth century, when the institution had been eliminated in many areas.But in eighteenth century Paraguay the encomienda was still an important institution. Members of the provincial elite placed great value on its possession. Since high position in the province was synonymous with encomendero status, membership in the encomendero class was exceedingly important. The crown's decision to abolish the system in the 1770s had important consequences for the future of Paraguay. In the short run it meant a gain for royal interests; in the long run it spelled disaster for the Spanish crown.

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