Estimation of Histamine in the Blood and Other Tissues of Rats and Guinea Pigs Infected with Trichinella spiralis

1943 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Hamann
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis

Reactivity and Specificity of Trichinella spiralis Fractions in Cutaneous and Serological Tests

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-279
Author(s):  
Omar O. Barriga
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Diethylaminoethyl Cellulose ◽  
Cutaneous Reactions ◽  
Healthy Persons

Six diethylaminoethyl-cellulose fractions of a larval Trichinella spiralis extract, an Ascaris suum extract, and a nonrelated protein were used for cutaneous tests in guinea pigs with 8-, 14-, and 73-day-old T. spiralis infections, in guinea pigs with 13-day-old A. suum infections, and in normal guinea pigs. A selected T. spiralis fraction was used in hemagglutination (HA) tests with sera of 8 T. spiralis -infected rabbits, 41 sera of trichinellosis patients positive by bentonite agglutination tests, and 50 sera of clinically healthy persons. Immediate-type cutaneous reactions revealed extensive cross-reactivity between both parasites, although the establishment of conventional limits for considering a reaction positive allowed the specific diagnosis of acute or chronic trichinellosis with different fractions. Delayed-type reactions were specific with all fractions except one, and different fractions reacted during either the acute or the chronic phase of trichinellosis. HA detected anti- Trichinella antibodies in all the rabbits 9 to 10 days postinfection, in all trichinellosis patients, and in none of the healthy people. Correlation between HA and bentonite agglutination titers and other considerations suggest that HA with the selected fraction detects early antibodies. HA inhibition tests with A. suum extract suggest lack of HA cross-reactivity between the A. suum - and T. spiralis -selected fractions. The use of different fractions in diverse tests for clinical or epidemiological studies is suggested.

Immunological regulation of colonic ion transport

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (2) ◽  
pp. G396-G403 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Russell ◽  
G. A. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Antigenic Stimulation ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Maximum Elevation ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Stimulation Of

Challenge of distal colonic epithelium from Trichinella spiralis-infected guinea pigs with parasite-derived antigen elevated short-circuit current (Isc) for approximately 60 min. The maximum elevation (delta Isc) was approximately 250 microA/cm2 at 5 min after the addition of trichinella antigen. The antigen-induced alterations in Isc were of greater magnitude and duration than those evoked in jejunum. Colonic electrical resistance was transiently reduced after exposure to antigen. There was no significant effect of antigen on electrical parameters of colon from nonimmunized (uninfected) guinea pigs. The antihistamine pyrilamine (10(-5) M) and the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor indomethacin (10(-6) M) reduced the colonic Isc response to antigen by 40% when used in combination but had insignificant effects when used singly. In contrast, the jejunal Isc response to antigen was totally eliminated by the combined use of those inhibitors. Antigenic stimulation of sensitized colon released histamine and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). However, the histamine released was only about one-tenth that stimulated by antigen in the jejunum, and PGE2 released was only one-tenth of that stimulated by bradykinin in the colon. PGE2 was not released after antigenic stimulation of jejunum. The antigen-induced colonic delta Isc was reduced approximately 50% by either furosemide or tetrodotoxin. Although histamine- and indomethacin-sensitive factors contribute greatly to the mediation of the antigen-induced delta Isc in jejunum, these autacoids contribute to a lesser extent to the antigen-induced delta Isc in guinea pig colon.

scholarly journals Effect of cyclosporin A on immunological response in lungs of guinea pigs infected with Trichinella spiralis.

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta M Dzik ◽  
Zbigniew Zieliński ◽  
Barbara Gołos ◽  
Elzbieta Jagielska ◽  
Mariusz Wranicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drug ◽  
Superoxide Anion Production ◽  
Inos Protein

The effects of cyclosporin A (CsA), a potent immunosuppressive drug with antiparasitic activity, on the innate immunological response in guinea pig lungs during an early period (6th and 14th days) after T. spiralis infection were studied. CsA treatment of T. spiralis-infected guinea pigs caused a significant attenuation of immunological response in lungs by decreasing lymphocyte infiltration into pulmonary alveolar space, inhibiting alveolar macrophage superoxide anion production and lowering both the production of NO metabolites measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and expression of the iNOS protein in lung homogenates, allowing us to speculate that the T. spiralis-dependent immunological response is dependent on lymphocyte T function. Interestingly, CsA itself had a pro-inflammatory effect, promoting leucocyte accumulation and macrophage superoxide production in guinea pig lungs. This observation may have a relevance to the situation in patients undergoing CsA therapy. Macrophage expression of the iNOS protein, evaluated by immunoblotting was not influenced by treatment of animals with CsA or anti-TGF-antibody, indicating different regulation of the guinea pig and murine enzymes.

Functional alterations in jejunal myenteric neurons during inflammation in nematode-infected guinea pigs

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (5) ◽  
pp. G922-G935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Palmer ◽  
Margaret Wong-Riley ◽  
Keith A. Sharkey
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Myenteric Neurons

Intracellular recordings of jejunal myenteric neurons with an afterspike hyperpolarization (AH) from Trichinella spiralis-infected animals showed enhanced excitability on days 3, 6, and 10postinfection (PI) compared with uninfected animals. Lower membrane potential, increased membrane input resistance, decreased threshold for action potential discharge, decreased AH amplitude and duration, and increased fast excitatory postsynaptic potential amplitude and duration were characteristic of neuronal recordings from infected animals. Concurrent with electrophysiological changes during T. spiralis infection, increased cytochrome oxidase activity, a marker of neuronal metabolic activity, and the expression of nuclear c-Fos immunoreactivity, an indicator of transcriptional-translational activity, were also observed in myenteric ganglion cells. Double-labeling for calbindin-immunoreactive myenteric neurons revealed that ∼50% of these neurons also expressed increased c-Fos immunoreactivity during T. spiralis infection. Myeloperoxidase activity was significantly higher in the jejunum of T. spiralis-infected guinea pigs on days 3, 6, and 10 PI vs. uninfected counterparts. The expression of c-Fos in calbindin-immunoreactive neurons together with enhanced neuronal electrical and metabolic activity during nematode-induced intestinal inflammation suggests the onset of excitation-transcription coupled changes in enteric neural microcircuits.

Studies on vertical transmission of Trichinella spiralis in experimentally infected guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 (8) ◽  
pp. 2271-2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Riva ◽  
Cesar Fiel ◽  
Gisele Bernat ◽  
Sebastián Muchiut ◽  
Pedro Steffan
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Cavia Porcellus

scholarly journals THE TRANSMISSION OF THE VIRUS OF LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS BY TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS

1947 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Syverton ◽  
O. R. McCoy ◽  
J. Koomen
Keyword(s):  
Outer Surface ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis

In experiments in which guinea pigs were infected concurrently with the virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis and the parasitic nematode, Trichinella spiralis, proof was obtained that trichinella larvae, after maturation in the muscles, had acquired the virus and were capable of transmitting it to new susceptible hosts. Transmission resulted both when living larvae were fed to normal guinea pigs and when triturated dead larvae were injected subcutaneously. Control experiments and other tests made plain that transmission of the virus was not due to mere adherence of it to the outer surface of the larvae but that these actually harbored it. The significance of these experiments in relation to natural transmission of the virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis remains to be determined.

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