Variation in Pretonic /e/ in Brazilian Portuguese: Preliminary Studies with Popular Music of the Northeast and Rio de Janeiro

Hispania ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Charles A. Perrone ◽  
Linda Ledford-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese

Discourse markers in the spoken Portuguese of Rio de Janeiro

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle M. de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
Alzira Tavares de Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Discourse Function ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

ABSTRACTWe analyze four major classes of discourse marker used in Brazilian Portuguese: né and other requests for feedback; aí, a sequential connector; ah, bom, and other turn initiators; and assim, a marker of explanation. The distribution of these forms is compared in argumentation, description, narration, and other genres and explained in terms of discourse function. Sociodemographic conditioning is also analyzed. An innovative component of the data analysis is an accounting for rates of occurrence per number of clauses in the speech samples studied. The results were elaborated through a series of other studies confirming the discourse function of the various markers. A comparison of the results with previous work on English and French discourse markers reveals striking parallels and raises questions about the grammaticalization of these forms.

scholarly journals Visual and auditory cues of assertions and questions in brazilian portuguese and Mexican Spanishy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 73-92
Author(s):  
Luma da Silva Miranda ◽  
Carolina Gomes da Silva ◽  
João Antônio de Moraes ◽  
Albert Rilliard
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Mexican Spanish ◽  
Auditory Cues ◽  
Language Varieties

The aim of this paper is to compare the multimodal production of questions in two different language varieties: Brazilian Portuguese and Mexican Spanish. Descriptions of the auditory and visual cues of two speech acts, assertions and questions, are presented based on Brazilian and Mexican corpora. The sentence “Como você sabe” was produced as an yes-no (echo) question and an assertion by ten speakers (five male) from Rio de Janeiro and the sentence “Apaga la tele” was produced as a yes-no question and an assertion by five speakers (three male) from Mexico City. The results show that, whereas the Brazilian Portuguese and Mexican Spanish assertions are produced with different F0 contours and different facial expressions, questions in both languages are produced with specific F0 contours but similar facial expressions. The outcome of this comparative study suggests that lowering the eyebrows, tightening the lid and wrinkling the nose can be considered question markers in both language varieties.

Directionality in linguistic change and acquisition

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Abreu Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Cyclic Process ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
Urban Language

This article focuses on the directionality observed in the processes of change and acquisition of the prepositions that replaced Latin cases in the speech of Rio de Janeiro and in the Contact Portuguese spoken by Brazilian Indians in the region of Xingu. In Brazilian Portuguese, it is possible to delete the indirect case preposition of some verbs. The system loses and maintains prepositional nexus in a cyclic process motivated by the semantic transparency and the iconicity of the preposition, the adjacency between verb and complement, and the degree of transitivity of the verb. The variable use in Contact Portuguese shows the same effects observed in the Rio de Janeiro variety, in a process that includes a gradual filling up of categorical and variable contexts. We argue that the forces that guide acquisition of the Portuguese prepositional subsystem in the Xingu variety act in the same way as those that constrain variation in urban language.

scholarly journals On pre-stressed high vowels raising process in brazilian portuguese

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-157
Author(s):  
Dinah Callou ◽  
Luana Machado
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Second Formant ◽  
High Vowels

This paper discusses the hypothesis that the outputs of derived pre-stressed high vowels [i] and [u], in Brazilian Portuguese, are acoustically different from the outputs of the non-derived high vowels, although both are perceptually equivalent. The sample totalizes 1152 tokens extracted from a controlled corpus, recorded at the Phonetic Laboratory of Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UFRJ), with eight university graduate students, four men and four women, from Rio de Janeiro, using acoustic measurements (PRAAT) and multivariational analysis (GOLDVARB X) in order to detect the conditioning factors related to the first and second formant values. The results reveal differences between underlying and derived vowels.

scholarly journals Sociolinguistic correlates of negative evaluation: Variable concord in Rio de Janeiro

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Marta Pereira Scherre ◽  
Anthony Julius Naro
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Trend Study ◽  
Statistical Effect ◽  
Social Distribution ◽  
Linguistic Prejudice

AbstractVariable agreement in Brazilian Portuguese is subject to social stigma. It was brought to the general public's attention in 2011 in a heated nationwide sociolinguistic debate triggered by TV Globo, the principal network. In order to isolate objective factors underlying this debate, we examine the variableeducationin a trend study of Rio de Janeiro speech. Relying on logistic modelrelative weightsand their correspondingranges, we usepolarizationto designate the magnitude of these ranges. Polarization of the education variable in 1980 was moderate, whereas in 2000, polarization becomes extreme in an increasingly uneven social distribution of standard marked forms. The increased effect of education is also reflected in a comparison with the statistical effect of mass media: in 1980, media contact had a stronger effect than education did, whereas in 2000, education exhibits a stronger effect. The results reveal objective correlates to speakers' subjective reactions, suggesting that public discussion of linguistic prejudice would be useful to the community, which can profit from results of sociolinguistic research in a humanistic and emancipatory way, as foreseen by Sankoff (1988a).

Revisiting Duarte (1995): for a Gradient Analysis of Indeterminate Subjects in Brazilian portuguese

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 140-172
Author(s):  
Juliana Marins ◽  
Humberto Soares da Silva ◽  
Maria Eugenia Lammoglia Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Gradient Analysis ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese

Estudos recentes sobre a representação do sujeito pronominal no português brasileiro (PB) mostram a preferência por sujeitos de referência indeterminada foneticamente representados. Um “efeito colateral” das mudanças envolvendo a remarcação do Parâmetro do Sujeito Nulo no PB é o declínio progressivo no uso das estratégias tidas como padrão -- estruturas com o verbo na terceira pessoa do plural com sujeito nulo e sentenças com o clítico pronominal se -- e o surgimento de estratégias alternativas, com a frequência crescente do uso do pronome nominativo expresso, especialmente você e a gente. Nosso objetivo é refnar a análise dos dados de sujeitos indeterminados levantados em Duarte (1995), com base em amostra da fala culta do Rio de Janeiro. Nosso quadro teórico associa a Teoria da Variação e Mudança (WLH, 2006 [1968]) com a Teoria de Princípios e Parâmetros (CHOMSKY, 1981), que guia nossa análise, desde levantamento de hipóteses até a interpretação dos dados empíricos (DUARTE, 2016). Nossos resultados revelam que as diferentes estratégias não estão em competição: elas se distribuem em três grupos, onde ocorre a competição entre as estratégias que os compõem, de acordo com o conjunto de traços que compartilham, o que está relacionado com o caráter arbitrário ou genérico de cada estraté- gia. Em um extremo dessa escala, encontramos a categoria [+3a pessoa/+plural], que exclui o falante, representada pelo agonizante clítico searb e pelo pronome eles, preferencialmente pleno. No outro extremo, temos a categoria [+3a pessoa/+singular], representada pelo clítico segen, pela estratégia zero (com o verbo na 3a pessoa do singular) e você, que é preferencialmente pleno, podendo incluir ou não o falante e o ouvinte. Finalmente, temos a categoria [+1a pessoa/+plural], que inclui necessariamente o falante, representada por nós e a gente, com considerável vantagem de a gente sobre nós. A variação em cada categoria disposta ao longo da escala não é um fenômeno estável: em cada ponto há um forte competidor para representar cada grau de referência indeterminada, à medida que a mudança avança.

Brazilian Popular Music during the First Half of the 20th Century

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Sandroni
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Recording Industry ◽  
Sheet Music ◽  
Music Publishing ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Musical Genres

Commercial recordings in Brazil were first made in 1902 in Rio de Janeiro. During the first two decades of the 20th century, however, the recorded repertoire centered around the same musical genres established in the final decades of the previous century: for sung music, this meant modinhas, lundus, waltzes, and cançonetas; for instrumental music, this meant polkas, maxixes, marches, and tangos. During this period, sheet music for pianos and musical bands played a greater role in disseminating popular music than did mechanical recordings. This included dissemination by the medium of radio, which had begun in the country in the early 1920s but only expanded when its commercial operation was authorized in the 1930s. Of the leading musical genres of the period, samba and carnival marches (always sung) came into their own during the 1930s. Rio de Janeiro, at that time the capital of the republic, the cradle of the burgeoning phonograph recording industry, and the center of the still extant sheet music publishing business and radio broadcasting, is key to understanding Brazilian popular music of the time. During the entire period, however, migrants from other regions, especially from the northeastern states of Bahia, Pernambuco, and Ceará, made crucial contributions to popular music. These contributions became particularly significant during the final years of that decade with the success of baião, a sung musical genre with a distinct northeastern flavor whose influence would stretch into the 1950s.

scholarly journals Tipo: Innovation and change in Brazilian Portuguese

Diacrítica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-215
Author(s):  
Christiani P. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Nominal Form ◽  
Linguistic Innovation ◽  
Innovation And Change

This paper provides an empirical account of the synchronic variation in the use of the noun TIPO (‘type’, ‘kind’)in the Brazilian Portuguese vernacular. Innovation in its use, first documented by Bittencourt (1999), suggests TIPO may be performing functions beyond those of a noun. To investigate innovation in its use, this study focuses on the speech of teenagers born and raised in Rio de Janeiro. Although this group has been shown to be in the forefront of linguistic innovation (D’Arcy, 2005; Tagliamonte, 2016), research on the speech of adolescents remains scant in Brazilian Portuguese. This paper[1]aims to fill this gap by presenting the results of two analyses of empirical data collected between 2015 and 2018 (the author and collaborator).[2]Results indicate that TIPO is not only salient in participants’ speech but also that non-nominal forms of TIPO are more frequently used by speakers (97.98%) when compared to its nominal form (2.02%). Findings suggest that uses of non-nominal TIPO are systematic and linguistically defined: TIPO is most often found in pre-clausal position or preceding a noun phrase. Findings also show that TIPO is performing functions beyond those of a noun, such as a preposition and an adverb.      

scholarly journals A produção das fricativas alveolar, ápico-alveolar e palato-alveolar em coda silábica no PB e no PE

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Bassi ◽  
Izabel Christine Seara
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Spectral Peak ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Spectral Peaks ◽  
Colonization Process ◽  
Geographic Regions

Neste estudo, são investigadas características acústico-articulatórias da fricativaalveolar [s, z], ápico-alveolar [s, z] e palato-alveolar [S, Z] do português brasileiro e do português europeu, em coda silábica, em dados de informantes nativos de Florianópolis‑SC/BR, Rio de Janeiro-RJ/BR, Erechim-RS/BR, Lisboa/PT, Granjal-Viseu/PT e São Jorge-Açores/PT. É analisada a distribuição das fricativas em coda silábica nos falares das localidades anteriormente citadas, uma vez que é de senso comum que, no português brasileiro, ocorra apenas fricativas alveolares ou palato-alveolares. Os parâmetros investigados foram os picos espectrais das fricativas em questão em confronto com o nível de escolaridade dos informantes. Com base nos resultados, pode-se concluir que o fator escolaridade baixa associado à análise dos valores dos picos espectrais dos segmentos fricativos produzidos no português brasileiro e no português europeu foi crucial para estabelecer uma ligação entre a realização dessas fricativas com o processo de colonização dos pontos geográficos analisados nesta pesquisa.********************************************************************The production of the alveolar, apico-alveolar and post-alveolar fricatives in syllabic coda of BP and EPAbstract: In this study, the acoustic-articulatory characteristics of the alveolar [s, z], apicoalveolar [s, z] and post-alveolar [S, Z] fricatives in syllabic coda of Brazilian and European Portuguese were investigated. Data were supplied by native informants from Florianópolis- SC/BR, Rio de Janeiro-RJ/BR, Erechim-RS/BR, Lisboa/PT, Granjal-Viseu/PT and São Jorge- Azores/PT. Since it is common sense that in Brazilian Portuguese only alveolar or post-alveolar fricatives occur, the distribution of fricatives in syllabic coda in speech samples from the places aforementioned was analyzed. The spectral peaks of the fricatives in relation to informants’ schooling level were the investigated parameters. Based on the present findings, the relation between low schooling and the analysis of spectral peak values of the fricative segments produced in Brazilian and European Portuguese was found crucial for the establishment of alink between the production of these fricatives and the colonization process of the geographic regions included in this research.Keywords: Fricatives; Syllabic coda; Acoustic analysis

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