An Essay in Critical Biography—Charles Churchill

PMLA ◽  
1920 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Beatty
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Original Material ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Robert Southey ◽  
The World ◽  
New Material ◽  
Edinburgh Review ◽  
The University ◽  
National Biography

A writer in The Annual Register, soon after the death of Charles Churchill, gave to the world the first account of his life; this was followed by The Genuine Memoirs of Mr. Charles Churchill. To Bell's edition of the poet's works is prefixed a life of the author by Doctor Johnson; this does not add anything new. Kippis, in his Biographia Britannica, followed most of the inaccuracies of the first biographer, but added some new material from his personal information. Anderson used these sources in the British Poets (1795). Robert Southey in his Life of Cowper, and William Tooke in an edition of Churchill's Works (1804) made more elaborate studies of the poet's life, but, unfortunately, were satisfied with earlier biographies or neglected to give careful references to original material. John Forster, in The Edinburgh Review (1845) pointed out many of Tooke's inaccuracies. Every biographer of Churchill from Chalmers in his English Poets to Leslie Stephen in The Dictionary of National Biography, followed Tooke, or Tooke modified by Forster. In 1903, R. F. Scott in his Admissions to the College of St. John the Evangelist in the University of Cambridge, made several valuable contributions to our knowledge about the early career of the satirist. Ferdinand Putschi, in Charles Churchill, sein Leben und seine Werke (1909), had not seen Mr. Scott's book, and followed the earlier biographers.

5 Models of the world: from perception to hallucination

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. e2.3-e2
Author(s):  
Paul Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Model Building ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Predictive Processing ◽  
External Reality ◽  
Consultant Psychiatrist ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
The Brain

Paul Fletcher is Wellcome Investigator and Bernard Wolfe Professor of Health Neuroscience at the University of Cambridge. He is also Director of Studies for Preclinical Medicine at Clare College and Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist with the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust. He studied Medicine, before carrying out specialist training in Psychiatry and taking a PhD in cognitive neuroscience. He researches human perception, learning and decision-making in health and mental illness.We do not have direct contact with external reality. We must rely on messages from the sense organs, conveying information about the state of the world and our bodies. These messages are not easy to decipher, being noisy and ambiguous, but from them we have to construct models of the world. I will discuss this challenge and how we are very adept at creating a model of reality based on achieving a balance between what our senses are telling us and our expectations of what should be the case. This is often referred to as the predictive processing framework.Relying on this balance comes at a cost, rendering us vulnerable to illusions and biases and, in more extreme cases, to creating a reality that diverges from that experienced by others. This can arise for a variety of reasons but, at the root, I suggest, lies the nature of the brain as a model-building organ. Though this divergence from reality – psychosis – often seems inexplicable and incomprehensible, I suggest that a few core principles can help us to understand it and offers ways of thinking about how phenomena like hallucinations can be understood. Interestingly, the framework suggests ways in which apparently similar phenomena like hallucinations can arise from distinct alterations to the function of a predictive processing system.

English Criminal Justice Administration, 1650–1850: A Historiographic Essay

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Legal History ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Inaugural Lecture ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Law ◽  
The University

In his inaugural lecture as Downing Professor of the Laws of England at the University of Cambridge, delivered in October 1888, Frederic Maitland offered a set of provocative and now familiar reflections on “Why the history of English law is not written.” According to Maitland, although English archives possessed “a series of records which for continuity, catholicity, minute detail[,] and authoritative value” had “no equal…in the world,” the “unmanageable bulk” of these sources had “overburdened” aspiring historians of English law. As a result, “large provinces” of English legal history remained to be “reclaimed from the waste.” With few willing to undertake such reclamation efforts, the historiography of English law remained as bleak and barren as the bogs from which Maitland's Cambridgeshire had itself only reluctantly emerged.

scholarly journals Editorial

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Hannah Ditchfield ◽  
Shuhan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Conference Proceedings ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Early Career Researchers ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Research ◽  
The University ◽  
Media And Communication ◽  
First Time

The first issue of for(e)dialogue is composed of a collection of papers given at the New Directions in Media Research (NDiMR) postgraduate conference in June 2015 at the University of Leicester. NDiMR is a one-day postgraduate focused conference organised by PhD students from the Department of Media and Communication. This conference has a similar aim and purpose of this journal as a whole which is to provide postgraduate students, PhD students and early career researchers with a platform and opportunity to develop and share their research and critically contribute to discussions of theory and methodology on a variety of Media and Communication issues. The NDiMR conference has been held annually since 2012, each year growing in size and attracting more delegates and presenters from across the world. However, this is the first time that some of the events’ presentation papers have been collected for a published conference proceedings.

An ancient ozone catastrophe?

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Beerling
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
Natural Life ◽  
Test Of Knowledge

The University of Cambridge is one of the oldest seats of learning in the world and is, as befits such an august institution, steeped in tradition and history. One of the more curious traditions, which survived until 1909, was that of publicly ranking undergraduates who had taken the Mathematical Tripos, the oldest and most demanding examination of its kind. Candidates concluded 10 (now 9) semesters of intensive study by sitting a gruelling series of eight lengthy papers, each more difficult than the last, undertaken over a period of nine days. In rank order, the first 30–40 were called wranglers; the man gaining the highest marks of the year held the enviable position of Senior Wrangler. By tradition the positions were published in the London Times, with the accompanying list carrying pictures and short biographies of the top finishers; being a wrangler conveyed a certain degree of national honour and university distinction. Competition to become Senior Wrangler was intense. The examinations involved a test of knowledge, power of recall, concentration, and nerves, and a system of private coaching developed in response to the demands among the elite mathematicians to be Senior Wrangler. Coaches were often those who had previously placed well in the wrangler competition, with good ones able to teach essential mathematics and an ability to produce stock answers concisely so that as many problems as possible could be solved in the time available. The wrangler system evolved its own natural life cycle, ensuring its perpetuity, for a good coach could charge a tidy sum for seeing a student twice weekly over a year and usually had several candidates on his books. A certain William Hopkins was a superlative tutor who had, by 1849, coached 17 Senior Wranglers and 44 top three places. Wranglers in the top few places had the opportunity to take up a pleasant college fellowship or work as a coach fashioning a career to produce more wranglers. Women in the days of Victorian and Edwardian Cambridge were not awarded a degree but were, from 1870 onwards, permitted to sit the Tripos examination.

Bioscience enterprise: Postgraduate education at Cambridge and Auckland

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Allan ◽  
Joerg Kistler ◽  
Chris Lowe ◽  
Wendell Dunn ◽  
Claire McGowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Postgraduate Education ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

Leading universities around the world are addressing the demand for science-business-skilled professionals with a variety of novel programmes. The University of Cambridge (the United Kingdom) and University of Auckland (New Zealand) have each developed a Master's in Bioscience Enterprise programme providing specialist business and legal skills relevant to employment in the bio-economy. The biotechnology contexts in which these programmes were developed are significantly different and are reflected in the internship choices, thesis topics and postgraduate employment opportunities. In each case, industry feedback has been excellent to date as evidenced by the increasing engagements of companies in these programmes.

scholarly journals A Tale of Two Twins

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-53
Author(s):  
Judy Sayers
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

This is the ninth year the Biochemical Society has run the Science Communication Competition. The competition aims to give talented young science communicators the opportunity to have their work published in The Biochemist. This year's competition attracted entries from around the world covering a wide variety of topics, in both the written and video categories. The entries were judged by our expert panel of judges. In this issue we are proud to present the winning entry from the written category by Judy Sayers from the University of Cambridge.

Where is the World Heading? Shaping a New International System

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Adam Daniel Rotfeld
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Present Article ◽  
International System ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The University ◽  
Paths To Stability ◽  
Current Reality

AbstractAttempting to understand the way in which the international system evolves and what the main forces that shape its future progress are, is always a complicated endeavour. In the present article, based on the presentation made at the Conference “Sir Hersch Lauterpacht ‐ Lawyer of Two Cultures”, organized by the Embassy of the Republic of Poland and the Lauterpacht Centre for International Law of the University of Cambridge, the author undertakes this daunting task. Whereas Kissinger argued that there exist only two paths to stability, hegemony or equilibrium, in this article it is argued that this does not reflect the current reality and challenges of the 21st century. By analysing the current forces and challenges of the modern international community the author of the present article strives to derive certain conclusions as to where the world is heading and what would be the shape of the international system.

Terence Wilmot Hutchison 1912–2007

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
London School ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
The World ◽  
London School Of Economics ◽  
The University

Terence Wilmot Hutchison (1912–2007), a Fellow of the British Academy, was a historian of economics, methodologist, and acerbic critic of hubris and pretension amongst economists. He was born at Bournemouth and grew up in London. Hutchison's father was the flamboyant and much married Robert Langton Douglas, while his mother was Grace Hutchison. It was as a classicist that he went to the University of Cambridge in 1931. But Hutchison quickly lost interest in a subject that seemed to him to have little relevance to the economic turmoil of the world, and switched to economics, graduating in 1934 with a First. He left Cambridge in 1934 and registered as an occasional student at the London School of Economics (LSE). This chapter presents a biography of Hutchison and also narrates his trips to Germany, Iraq, and India, as well as his stints at the University of Hull, LSE, and the University of Birmingham.

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