Judicial Review of International Agreements: Federal Republic of Germany

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans G. Rupp
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany

Abortion and Judicial Review of Statutes

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst Livneh
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
German Law ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
French Law ◽  
The West

It is difficult to see the connection between these two topics, but on 25 February 1975 the Constitutional Court of the Federal Republic of Germany gave a decision of great importance in both fields, and although Israel adheres to another system of law, in the opinion of the writer, this decision is of great interest here too.The amendment of the German law relating to abortions, whose constitutionality was examined in the judgment mentioned, is part of a reform movement spreading from Europe to the Americas in the West and to Russia, India and Singapore in the East. It began to have influence upon legislation between the two wars (Russia 1920, Scandinavia and Switzerland in the 1930's), but gathered momentum particularly during the last decade (one of the earlier laws in this series is the English Abortion Act, 1967; one of the latest, the French Law of 17 January 1975).

Search and Rescue Services for Airport Disasters in Germany

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-123
Author(s):  
G. Frey ◽  
A. Winderlich
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Rescue Services ◽  
Rescue Helicopter ◽  
Rescue Center

The Search and Rescue Co-ordination Center Goch called me, some years ago, to the Stuttgart airport with the rescue helicopter of the Federal Armed Forces Rescue Center at Ulm. A single-engine sports plane, whose pilot was a student on his first solo flight, had tried a belly landing. Next to the runway, there were several fire-trucks, two ambulances and one emergency physician's car waiting. Our rescue helicopter stayed hovering for nearly one hour until the student pilot finally managed a belly landing. Safe on the ground, he was surrounded by firemen, paramedics and physicians, while we flew back to Ulm. We had not landed promptly I was told because of the landing taxes an army helicopter has to pay at a civilian airport! This episode prompted me to look for more information.The Federal Republic of Germany is obliged by international agreements to search for planes in distress—no matter what nationality—to save the passengers and, if possible, the equipment and to provide medical treatment for the survivors if necessary. This Search and Rescue (SAR) Service is executed according to the instructions given by the International Civil Aeronautical Organization (ICAO). In the Federal Republic, the SAR service is provided jointly by the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Transport. The Ministry of defense provides the means and the Rescue Co-ordination Center. The Ministry of Transport provides the alarm services through the air traffic control offices.

International Commitments and Democracy: The United States and the Federal Republic of Germany

1995 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-336
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Lang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
International Law ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
International Commitments ◽  
Willy Brandt ◽  
The Will

When citizens elect leaders whose policies conflict with standing international agreements, which claim deserves more respect, the treaty or the will of the majority? International law and democratic theory both point to constitutionalism as a way to address this dilemma. An examination of the effects of the elections of John F. Kennedy in 1961 and Willy Brandt in 1969 on U.S.-F.R.G. alliance commitments shows that the dilemma is not resolvable in principle, but that constitutional democracies adopt a variety of practices including consultation, public diplomacy, and commitment reinterpretation to make the tension between the two principles manageable.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF TRANSLATION OF TEXTS OF GERMAN-SPEAKING OFFICIAL AND BUSINESS DISCOURSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Nataliia Drahanova ◽  
Antonina Korol
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Bundesrepublik Deutschland ◽  
Business Discourse ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
German Speaking

The purpose of our article was to analyze the peculiarities of the translation of texts of German-language official business discourse. The object of our research is international agreements between Ukraine and Germany (German and Ukrainian), and the subject is the peculiarities of their translation. It should be noted that the documents of interstate nature on the legal basis of relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and Ukraine, which are posted on the website of the Embassy of Ukraine in Germany (Botschaft der Ukraine in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland) and the Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany in Kyiv Києві (Botschaft der Bundesrepublik Deutschland Kiew). In our study, we used general scientific methods (induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis), methods of linguistic analysis, such as communicative-pragmatic and interpretive analysis of the text, as well as contrastive translation analysis, which is considered the main method of comparing the original text and translated text. The article describes the lexical, grammatical and stylistic features of the texts of international agreements, taking into account the specifics of the official business style in the German and Ukrainian language pictures of the world. The texts of the analyzed agreements are the sphere of concentration of nationally marked vocabulary and features of the socio-political state of the country. The level of translation of formal agreements implies the preservation of the stylistic features of the original text as much as possible. The study found that current trends in the translation of official business discourse, including international agreements, show that the typological features of the German and Ukrainian languages impose restrictions on the use of translation transformations such as tracing, preferring lexical-semantic transformations (concretization) and grammatical substitutions (replacement of grammatical category, replacement of grammatical form, syntactic transformations of sentence structure). At the same time, for the transfer of non-equivalent vocabulary there is an increasing tendency to use the nominations established for the practice of translation and international communication in the framework of equivalent translation, transliteration, to a lesser extent - transcription. Within the framework of text units, complex transformations are often more obvious when translated into Ukrainian. Key words: official business discourse, German-Ukrainian international agreements, professional translation, translation strategies.

Professional Qualification of German Physicians in Medical Informatics

1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 312-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michaelis
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Professional Qualification ◽  
Medical Degree ◽  
Formal Program ◽  
Medical Domain

Abstract:In addition to the medical education in the Federal Republic of Germany which includes a compulsory Medical Informatics course there exists a formal program for professional qualification of physicians in Medical Informatics. After two years of clinical practice and 1.5 years of professional training at an authorized institution, a physician may receive in addition to the medical degree a “supplement Medical Informatics”. The qualification requirements are described in detail. Physicians with the additional Medical Informatics qualification perform responsible tasks in their medical domain and serve as partners for fully specialized Medical Informatics ex-’ perts in the solution of practical Medical Informatics problems. The formal qualification is available for more than 10 years, has become increasingly attractive, and is expected to grow with respect to future Medical Informatics developments.

Studies on Thalidomide as a Cause of Congenital Malformations

1963 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Knapp ◽  
W. Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Many Sources

SummaryIn 1961 an increase in certain congenital malformations was noticed in various parts of the Federal Republic of Germany. From the outset, it seemed very probable that a single cause was responsible, since, although these malformations varied, they appeared to belong to one and the same syndrome. For general reasons, such causes as radioactivity, contraceptives, attempted abortions or virus diseases did not provide an acceptable explanation. The epidemiology was, however, suggestive of some chemical substance taken orally.After thalidomide had been indicated in several histories, suspicion of that drug was aroused and, within one week, intake of it could be proved or was found to be very likely in 17 out of 20 cases, while in the remaining cases it could not be excluded. Though this first result was highly significant, we were at first reluctant to incriminate thalidomide definitely, because there was still some doubt about the reliability of the histories. But within a few weeks, the thalidomide aetiology received support from many sources. Specific studies on limited material are sometimes superior to extensive, broadly planned investigations.

Market Analysis of the Per Capita Consumption of Smoke Condensate and Nicotine in the Federal Republic of Germany Between 1961 – 1970/Trendanalysen zum Problem des Verbrauches an Nikotin und Rauchkondensat in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland für die Jahre 1961-1970

1971 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Misfeld ◽  
J. Timm
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Market Analysis ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Bundesrepublik Deutschland ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

AbstractOn the basis of numerous research results and data on the development of nicotine and condensate contents of German cigarettes, of their respective shares in the market, the smoked length of cigarettes, and of the pro capita consumption of cigarettes in the Federal Republic of Germany, an estimate has been prepared on the yearly pro capita consumption of smoke condensate and nicotine in the Federal Republic covering the years 1961-1970. The values for 1961 amount to 40.2 g of smoke condensate (crude) and to 2.04 g of nicotine. The values for 1970 are found to be only 29.4 g and 1.63 g respectively. That means that the consumption of smoke condensate and nicotine in the Federal Republic has decreased during the last ten years. The share of smokers having remained almost the same, the consumption of smoke condensate and nicotine per smoker is, as well, found to have decreased by about 27 % and 20 % respectively during the years between 1961 and 1970 despite an increased cigarette consumption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document