Evolution of African Climate

2018 ◽  
pp. 455-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
African Climate

scholarly journals Advances in Climate Processes, Feedbacks, Variability and Change for the West African Climate System

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Jenkins ◽  
Alessandra Giannini ◽  
Amadou Gaye ◽  
Andrea Sealy
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
Climate System ◽  
The West ◽  
African Climate

Northern Hemisphere Controls on Tropical Southeast African Climate During the Past 60,000 Years

Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 322 (5899) ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Tierney ◽  
J. M. Russell ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
J. S. S. Damste ◽  
E. C. Hopmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
The Past ◽  
African Climate

Southeast African climate variability and early human evolution pulses

2016 ◽  
Vol 404 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
M.H. Simon ◽  
M. Ziegler ◽  
I.R. Hall ◽  
S. Barker ◽  
C. Stringer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
African Climate ◽  
Early Human

Paleo-ENSO impacted habitat availability for early modern humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr ◽  
William D. Gosling ◽  
Ralf Vogelsang ◽  
André Bahr ◽  
Eleanor M.L. Scerri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Hadley Circulation ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Hominin Evolution ◽  
Pan African ◽  
African Climate ◽  
Tight Correlation ◽  
Evolution Of Vegetation

<p>In this study we synthesize terrestrial and marine proxy records spanning the last 620,000 years, to decipher pan-African climate variability, its drivers and potential linkages to hominin evolution. We find a tight correlation between moisture availability across Africa to Walker and Hadley Circulation variability that were most likely driven by changes in Earth´s eccentricity. Our results demonstrate that low latitude insolation rather than glacial-interglacial cyclicity was the predominant driver of pan-African climate change during the mid to late Pleistocene. We argue that these low-latitude climate processes governed the dispersion and evolution of vegetation, as well as mammals, in eastern and western Africa, ultimately by increasing resource-rich and stable ecotonal settings that have long thought to have been the preferred habitats of hominins.</p>

scholarly journals Sensitivity study of the regional climate model RegCM4 to different convective schemes over West Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1261-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brahima Koné ◽  
Arona Diedhiou ◽  
N'datchoh Evelyne Touré ◽  
Mouhamadou Bamba Sylla ◽  
Filippo Giorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
West African ◽  
Cold Bias ◽  
The West ◽  
Land Surface Scheme ◽  
African Climate ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Surface Scheme ◽  
Convective Scheme

Abstract. The latest version of RegCM4 with CLM4.5 as a land surface scheme was used to assess the performance and sensitivity of the simulated West African climate system to different convection schemes. The sensitivity studies were performed over the West African domain from November 2002 to December 2004 at a spatial resolution of 50 km × 50 km and involved five convective schemes: (i) Emanuel; (ii) Grell; (iii) Emanuel over land and Grell over ocean (Mix1); (iv) Grell over land and Emanuel over ocean (Mix2); and (v) Tiedtke. All simulations were forced with ERA-Interim data. Validation of surface temperature at 2 m and precipitation were conducted using data from the Climate Research Unit (CRU), Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) and the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) during June to September (rainy season), while the simulated atmospheric dynamic was compared to ERA-Interim data. It is worth noting that the few previous similar sensitivity studies conducted in the region were performed using BATS as a land surface scheme and involved less convective schemes. Compared with the previous version of RegCM, RegCM4-CLM also shows a general cold bias over West Africa whatever the convective scheme used. This cold bias is more reduced when using the Emanuel convective scheme. In terms of precipitation, the dominant feature in model simulations is a dry bias that is better reduced when using the Emanuel convective scheme. Considering the good performance with respect to a quantitative evaluation of the temperature and precipitation simulations over the entire West African domain and its subregions, the Emanuel convective scheme is recommended for the study of the West African climate system.

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