EFFECT OF OXIDATION STRESS ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTY OF HUMAN HAIR

Using standard techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), over 1000 human hair defects have been studied. In several of the defects, the pathogenesis of the abnormality has been clarified using these techniques. It is the purpose of this paper to present several distinct morphologic abnormalities of hair and to discuss their pathogenesis as elucidated through techniques of scanning electron microscopy.

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Ruthenium Red Staining of Human Hard Keratin Fibers

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100054005 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 278-279

Author(s):

M. C. Buhrer ◽

R. A. Mathews

Keyword(s):

Human Hair ◽

Ruthenium Red ◽

Acid Mucopolysaccharides ◽

Biochemical Studies ◽

Keratin Fibers ◽

Ruthenium Red Staining ◽

Extracellular Materials

Ruthenium red has been used as a stain to demonstrate a variety of extracellular materials, especially acid mucopolysaccharides. It also reacts with certain intracellular and extracellular lipids. Since biochemical studies in our laboratory demonstrated the presence of a variety of monosaccharides in human hair ruthenium red staining procedures were adopted in order to evaluate the presence and morphological location of acid oligosaccharides in the keratinized aspect of hair.

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Thermomechanical Treatment of a 4340 Ni-Cr-Mo Alloy Steel

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100098083 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 314-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.T. Jahn ◽

J.C. Yang ◽

C.M. Wan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Property ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Alloy Steel ◽

Thermomechanical Treatment ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Good Combination ◽

Thermal Treatments ◽

Low Carbon ◽

4340 Steel ◽

Good Improvement

4340 Ni-Cr-Mo alloy steel is widely used due to its good combination of strength and toughness. The mechanical property of 4340 steel can be improved by various thermal treatments. The influence of thermomechanical treatment (TMT) has been studied in a low carbon Ni-Cr-Mo steel having chemical composition closed to 4340 steel. TMT of 4340 steel is rarely examined up to now. In this study we obtain good improvement on the mechanical property of 4340 steel by TMT. The mechanism is explained in terms of TEM microstructures4340 (0.39C-1.81Ni-0.93Cr-0.26Mo) steel was austenitized at 950°C for 30 minutes. The TMTed specimen (T) was obtained by forging the specimen continuously as the temperature of the specimen was decreasing from 950°C to 600°C followed by oil quenching to room temperature. The thickness reduction ratio by forging is 40%. The conventional specimen (C) was obtained by quenching the specimen directly into room temperature oil after austenitized at 950°C for 30 minutes. All quenched specimens (T and C) were then tempered at 450, 500, 550, 600 or 650°C for four hours respectively.

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Human-hair analysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100124835 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 886-887

Author(s):

Brenda E. Lambert ◽

Ernest C. Hammond

Keyword(s):

Human Hair ◽

Hair Analysis ◽

Hair Shaft ◽

White Female ◽

Chemical Processing ◽

X Ray ◽

Hair Samples ◽

Wave Technique ◽

Permanent Wave ◽

Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to examine the external structure of four human hair shaft samples with the scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and to obtain information regarding the chemical composition of hair by using the attached x ray microanalysis unit.The hair samples were obtained from two female subjects. Sample A was taken from a black female and had not undergone any type of chemical processing. Sample B, C, D were taken from a white female, and were natural, processed, and unpigmented, i.e. “gray”, respectively. Sample C had been bleached, tinted, and chemically altered using a permanent wave technique.

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Cosmetology treatments on human hair: An SEM study

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100167160 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 940-941

Author(s):

D.F. Bowling

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High Resolution ◽

Human Hair ◽

Optical Microscope ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Brightness Contrast ◽

Sem Study

High school cosmetology students study the methods and effects of various human hair treatments, including permanents, straightening, conditioning, coloring and cutting. Although they are provided with textbook examples of overtreatment and numerous hair disorders and diseases, a view of an individual hair at the high resolution offered by an SEM provides convincing evidence of the hair‘s altered structure. Magnifications up to 2000X provide dramatic differences in perspective. A good quality classroom optical microscope can be very informative at lower resolutions.Students in a cosmetology class are initially split into two groups. One group is taught basic controls on the SEM (focus, magnification, brightness, contrast, specimen X, Y, and Z axis movements). A healthy, untreated piece of hair is initially examined on the SEM The second group cements a piece of their own hair on a stub. The samples are dryed quickly using heat or vacuum while the groups trade places and activities.

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