scholarly journals Accuracy of panoramic radiography in diagnosing maxillary sinus-root relationship: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 819-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentian Sun ◽  
Kai Xia ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Chenlu Liu ◽  
Ling Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Display Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Good Ability

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the accuracy of panoramic radiography (PR) in diagnosing maxillary sinus-root relationships (SRRs). Materials and Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CBM, Baidu Scholar, and SIGLE were searched. The studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy of PR and computed tomography/cone-beam computed tomography (CT/CBCT) for SRR were included. Results: Eleven studies were included. Meta-analyses showed that, for type I SRR, PR had the highest specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC), with a high sensitivity and a low negative LR (−LR). For type IV, PR had a high DOR and AUC, with the highest sensitivity but a low +LR, the lowest –LR, and the lowest specificity. For type II, PR had the lowest AUC, with a low sensitivity, +LR, and DOR and a high −LR. For type III, PR had the lowest sensitivity, +LR, and DOR and the highest −LR. The distance from root tips to the maxillary sinus floor on PR was significantly longer (mean difference: −1.88 mm; 95% confidence interval: −2.19 to −1.57; P < .0001) than that on CT/CBCT. Conclusions: Currently available evidence suggests PR could be reliable for detecting type I SRR. PR has a good ability to confirm true type IV SRR but a poor ability to rule out false type IV SRR. For type II and III SRR, PR shows poor accuracy and tends to overestimate the extent of protrusion of the roots into the maxillary sinus. When PRs display type II, III, or IV SRR and related treatment is needed, CBCT should be used for further examinations.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Pulmonary Hamartoma and Bronchus: Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography Findings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Heng Ma ◽  
Qinglin Yang ◽  
Chengzhou Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spiral Computed Tomography ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Spiral Computed ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Sign Type

Abstract Objective The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between pulmonary hamartomas (PHs) and bronchi on multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) images. Methods The MSCT scans of 218 PHs from 216 pathologically confirmed patients were reviewed. The PHs were divided into two groups, namely, the central endobronchial and intraparenchymal groups, in accordance with location. Multiplanar reconstruction was used to demonstrate PH–bronchus relationship patterns. The PH–bronchus relationships in the intraparenchymal group were classified into five patterns: type I, the bronchus was cut off by the tumor; type II, the bronchus was contained within the tumor (air bronchogram sign); type III, the bronchus ran at the tumor periphery or was compressed by the tumor; and type IV, no tumor–bronchus relationship was observed. Results Nine (4.1%) PHs were assigned to the central endobronchial group and 209 (95.9%) PHs were assigned to the intraparenchymal group. In the endobronchial group, 1 (11.1%) PH was located in the trachea with the partial stenosis of the trachea, whereas the remaining 8 (88.9%) PHs were located in the lobar or segmental bronchus with the complete occlusion of the corresponding bronchus. In the intraparenchymal group, type IV (147, 70.3%) was most common pattern, followed by type III (54, 25.8%). Type I (8, 3.8%) was rare, and type II was not observed. Conclusion Central endobronchial PHs often obstructed bronchi, whereas only a few intraparenchymal PHs cut off bronchi. No air bronchogram sign was observed.

Cone Beam Computed Tomography of Mesiobuccal Root and Canal Morphology of Maxillary Molars in Delhi-NCR Population- A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaynit Tandon ◽  
Sonali Taneja ◽  
Vidhi Kiran Bhalla ◽  
Akshay Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Canal Morphology

Introduction: Adequate knowledge of the anatomic variation and root canal morphology is paramount for long term endodontic success. The presence of two canals in Mesiobuccal (MB) root is commonly associated with maxillary molars in various populations. Aim: To retrospectively evaluate the prevalence of a second mesiobuccal canal (MB2) in maxillary first and second molars in Delhi-National Capital Region (NCR) population using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) analysis. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the records of complete maxillary CBCT scans of 204 maxillary first and second molars from January 2016 till May 2019 from different CBCT centres in Delhi-NCR region to determine the anatomy and morphology in June 2019. The prevalence of second MB2 canals was recorded and associated with age, gender and symmetry. The z-test for proportions was used to assess the differences among the subgroups. Results: The number of roots in 204 teeth in both maxillary molars were determined. The prevalence of 3-rooted configuration was 98.55% in maxillary first molars and 79.4% in maxillary 2nd molars. Also, in maxillary 2nd molars, 7.4% were single rooted and 13.2% had 2-rooted configuration. Three rooted configuration and variable canal number was commonly reported in maxillary molars. Prevalence of MB2 canal was 87.2% in maxillary 1st molars and 64.2% in maxillary 2nd molars. Also, the prevalence was 87.2% bilaterally in maxillary first molars and 65.7% on the right and 53.9% on the left in maxillary second molars respectively. Type IV canal configuration was most prevalent in 44.60% of maxillary first molars and type 1 configuration (35.78%) for the maxillary second molars. Conclusion: Prevalence of MB2 canals in maxillary first and second molars was found to be high in North Indian population and the clinician should suspect its presence in all cases. Prevalence of MB2 had bilaterally symmetrical distribution without any association with age or gender. The MB roots were more likely to exhibit type IV and type II canal configurations in maxillary first molars and type I and type II configurations in second molars.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Root Canal Configuration of Mandibular First Molars in a Palestinian Population by Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Raed Hakam Mukhaimer
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Palestinian Population

Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate the number of canals and variations in root canal configuration in the mandibular permanent first molar teeth of a Palestinian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. A sample of 320 extracted double-rooted mandibular permanent first molars from Palestinian population was collected for this study and scanned with CBCT scanner. The following observations were made: number of root canals per root and canal configuration in each root based on Vertucci’s classification. Results. Of the 320 mandibular first molars analyzed, 174 (54.4%) had three canals, 132 teeth (41.3%) had four canals, and only four teeth had two canals. The most common canal configuration in the mesial roots was Vertucci type IV (53.8%) followed by type II (38.8%). In the distal roots, the most prevalent canal configuration was Vertucci type I (57.5%) followed by type II ( 22.5%) and type III (10.6%). Conclusion. Our results showed that the number of canals and canal configuration in Palestinian population were consistent with previously reported data. The present study also indicates that CBCT is helpful as a diagnostic tool for the investigation of root canal morphology.

scholarly journals Nasal Septal Deviation and Incidental Paranasal Sinus Opacification: A Role of Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Soo Young Choi ◽  
So Young Jeon ◽  
Hwa Sung Rim ◽  
Sung Wan Kim ◽  
Jin-Young Min
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Paranasal Sinus ◽  
Septal Deviation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Nasal Septal Deviation ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
Type V

Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of incidental paranasal sinus (PNS) opacification in nasal septal deviation (NSD) using computed tomography (CT) and to identify contributing factors.Subjects and Method: We analyzed 216 patients who underwent septoplasty for the correction of NSD and who underwent preoperative PNS CT. We assessed the prevalence of incidental PNS opacification in these patients and determined the type of NSD according to Mladina classification. We also evaluated whether the direction of NSD affected the presence of PNS opacification on CT, and whether the presence of PNS opacification was associated with other rhinologic symptoms.Results: Of 216 patients with NSD, 86 showed opacified PNS on CT. According to Mladina classification, NSD patients were classified as type I (24.1%), type II (36.1%), type III (20.8%), type IV (5.6%), type V (9.7%), type VI (2.3%), or type VII (1.4%). Patients with type II NSD showed a significantly higher incidence of PNS opacification compared with other types of NSD (p=0.001). However, the direction of NSD did not significantly influence the presence of incidental PNS opacification. Furthermore, regardless of the presence of PNS opacification, there was no significant difference in rhinologic symptoms such as olfactory dysfunction, among others.Conclusion: We found that incidental PNS opacification on CT was common in NSD patients, especially in patients with type II NSD. Thus, we suggest that CT evaluation of patients with NSD may be helpful for assessing comorbid PNS pathologies as well as objectively identifying nasal septal deformities.

scholarly journals Suprascapular Notch Asymmetry: A Study on 311 Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Michał Polguj ◽  
Marcin Sibiński ◽  
Andrzej Grzegorzewski ◽  
Piotr Grzelak ◽  
Ludomir Stefańczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Suprascapular Nerve ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Suprascapular Notch ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Symmetrical Type

The most important risk factor of suprascapular nerve entrapment is probably the shape of the suprascapular notch (SSN). The aim of the study was to perform a radiological study of the symmetry of SSN. Included in the study were 311 patients (137 women and 174 men) who underwent standard computed tomography investigation of the chest. A total of 622 computed tomography scans of scapulae were retrospectively analyzed to classify suprascapular notches into five types. Suprascapular notch was recognized as a symmetrical feature in 53.45% of the patients. Symmetry was more frequently seen in females (54.0% versus 52.9%), but not to any significant degree (P=0.8413). Type III was the most commonly noted symmetrical feature (66.9%) and type II was less common (0.6%). Type III was the most symmetrical type of suprascapular notch, occurring significantly more often as a symmetrical feature in comparison with type I (P<0.0001), type II (P=0.00137), or type IV (P=0.001). Our investigation did not show that the suprascapular notch is a symmetrical feature. However, symmetry was recognized more frequently in the case of type III SSN. No significant differences in symmetry were found with regard to sex.

scholarly journals Root Canal Configuration of Burmese (Myanmar) Maxillary First Molar: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. M. Kyaw Moe ◽  
H. J. Jo ◽  
J. H. Ha ◽  
S. K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Lateral Canal ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Root Canal Anatomy

Aim. To investigate the root canal anatomy of Burmese (Myanmar) permanent maxillary first molar (BMFM) with micro-computed tomography. Methodology. One hundred and one extracted BMFMs were scanned by a SkyScan 1272 scanner (Bruker microCT, Belgium) and reconstructed with NRecon software (Bruker microCT). CTAn software (Bruker microCT) was used to create 3D models of root and internal canal anatomy, while CTVol software (Bruker microCT) was used to visualize 3D models. In each root, Vertucci’s canal types, incidence and location of the lateral canal, incidence, location, and type of isthmus, and number and position of foramina were examined. Results. In 101 specimens, 83 (82.18%) mesiobuccal roots had multiple canals. The most common canal type is type IV (45.5%), followed by type II (17.8%) and I (17.8%) canals. Type III, V, VI, VII, and VIII canals are less than 10% in total. Seven additional canal types were seen for 10% in total. Fourteen (13.86%) distobuccal roots had multiple canals, and the predominant canal type is type I (86.1%), followed by type II (5.9%) and V (4%) canals. Three additional canal types were observed for 4% in total. All palatal roots possessed the simplest type I canal. Apical ramification occurred in 69 mesiobuccal roots (68.3%), 36 distobuccal roots (35.6%), and 37 palatal roots (36.6%). A total of 240 lateral canals were observed in 101 specimens. Each specimen had 2.38 ± 2.22 lateral canals on average. The highest incidence, 136 (56.67%) lateral canals, occurred in the mesiobuccal root, followed by 57 (23.75%) and 47 (19.58%) lateral canals from the distobuccal root and the palatal root, respectively. Each specimen had 6.17 ± 2.42 foramina. Mesiobuccal root had the highest incidence of apical foramina compared to other roots. Seventy-two mesiobuccal roots (71.29%) had isthmus, while only 7 distobuccal roots (6.93%) had isthmus somewhere along the root. Conclusions. The root canal anatomy of BMFM was quite complex, especially in the mesiobuccal root. The predominant canal type was Vertucci type IV in the mesiobuccal root and type I in the distobuccal and palatal roots. In addition, this micro-computed tomography study disclosed complemented canal types and a higher prevalence of lateral canal than the previous studies.

scholarly journals Root Canal Morphology of Maxillary First and Second Molars in a Qatari Population: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Maryam Mohammed Al-Obaid ◽  
Fatima Abdullah Al-Sheeb
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Type Iv

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of roots and canal configuration of maxillary first and second molars in Qatari population. Materials and Methods A total of 544 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) records of Qatari patients were included in this study. The CBCT images were reviewed by two endodontists. The age, sex, bilateral symmetry, root number, and canal configuration according to Vertucci were tabulated. Results About 97.5% maxillary first molars had three roots and 2.5% had two roots. Maxillary second molar showed 88.2% three roots, 7.3% two roots, 3.3% single root, and 1.2% four roots. For maxillary first molars, the most common Vertucci classifications for the mesiobuccal root were type IV (2-2, 35.9%) and type II (2-1, 21.1%). For maxillary second molars, the most common Vertucci classifications for the mesiobuccal root were type IV (2-2, 27%), type III (1-2-1, 21.3%), type I (1, 19.6%), and type II (2-1, 18.9%). In maxillary first molar, 53.1% right is different from the left and in maxillary second molars, 60.2% right is different from the left. Conclusions In Qatari population, three roots are common in maxillary molars. Mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars is predominant with Vertucci type IV (2-2) and type II (2-1). Maxillary second molars showed variable Vertucci classification. High bilateral asymmetry was found in canal configuration of the same individuals that should be considered during root canal treatment of two opposite molars.

scholarly journals Absence of the celiac trunk: definition, classification, MDCT angiographic findings and their probable embryological mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Mao ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Bo Jin ◽  
Lian-Qin Kuang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Mdct Angiography ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Type V ◽  
Angiographic Findings

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to identify the types and prevalence of absence of the celiac trunk by using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography, and analyze their probable embryological mechanisms. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 2,500 abdominal MDCT angiography images. The absence of the celiac trunk was defined as that the celiac trunk is not exist, more specifically, there is not such an arterial trunk containing at least two major branches of the celiac trunk. Various types of the absence of the celiac trunk were investigated. Results: Of the 2,500 patients, 19 (0.76%) patients were identified as an absence of the celiac trunk. According to its definition and classification, the absence of the celiac trunk could be divided into five types: type I (LGA + CHA + SA + SMA), type II (HM trunk + LGA + SA), type III (SM trunk + LGA + CHA), type IV (GM trunk + CHA + SA), and type V (other type); and these types were observed in 5 patients (0.20%), 9 patients (0.36%), 3 patients (0.12%), 0 patients (0.00%) and 2 (0.08%) patients, respectively. There were more examples of the types I and II than of the types III–V (P = 0.004). Conclusions: We systematically classified the absence of the celiac trunk based on its MDCT angiography findings. Abnormal interruptions and persistence of the longitudinal anastomosis, and regression of vascular root and emergence of replaced artery could all be the embryological mechanisms of various types of the absence of the celiac trunk.

Estimation of the ethmoid roof depth and length of lateral lamella of the cribriform plate, upper attachment of the uncinate process and anterior ethmoid artery in multiplanar reconstructions of Computed Tomography.

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Greta Berger ◽  
Vitalii Grinevych ◽  
Anna Justyna Milewska ◽  
Adam Łukasiewicz ◽  
Eugeniusz Tarasów
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Uncinate Process ◽  
Cribriform Plate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Multiplanar Reconstructions ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Type V ◽  
Anterior Ethmoid Artery

The aim is to assess the relationship of Anterior Ethmoid Artery with the Upper Attachment of the Uncinate Process and their relation with the Lateral Lamella of the Cribriform Plate in multiplanar reconstructions (i.e. coronal, axial and sagittal) of Computed Tomography. We measured the depth of the olfactory fossa, the length of the LLCP and determined the most superior attachment of the uncinate process, which designates boundaries of the frontal recess anteriorly, laterally and medially [20,22]. Methods: All CT examinations were performed using the 320-detector Aquilion ONE CT Scanner (Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan). Axial, coronal,sagittal reconstructions were performed by using dedicated workstation software (Vitrea Enterprice Siute, Version 6.7; Vital Images, Minnetonka USA). The Statistica 13 software was used for the analysis, results were considered statistically significant at the level of p<0,05. Results: The most frequent types of Uncinate Process according to Landsberg- Friedman criteria in group of mens are: type I-30,77%,type II-30,77%, type III-26,92%, type VI-7,69%, type V-3,85%, type IV-0% respectively. In women's group: type III-44,12%,type II-32,35%, type I-8,82%,type V-8,82%, type IV-5,88%, type VI-0%. The median LLCP length in the anterior-posterior dimension measures 13 mm i. e. Yenigun type II on the both sides. The median value of depth in the superior-inferior dimension of the LLCP in the ethmoid roof is 5 mm i.e. Keros type II on both sides. The mean distance between Anterior Ethmoid Artery and Upper Attachment of the Uncinate Process measures approximately 9,73 mm and 9,16 mm on the right and left side respectively. Conclusions: The assessment of the AEA, UAUP and configuration of the anterior skull base on CT multiplanar reconstructions contribute to optimazing the results of frontal sinus surgery.

Labelling of non-A, non-B hepatitis infected chimpanzee hepatocytes with nuclease-gold conjugates

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
G. D. Gagne ◽  
M. F. Miller ◽  
D. A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cellular Injury ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Infected Chimpanzee

Experimental infection of chimpanzees with non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) or with delta agent hepatitis results in the appearance of characteristic cytoplasmic alterations in the hepatocytes. These alterations include spongelike inclusions (Type I), attached convoluted membranes (Type II), tubular structures (Type III), and microtubular aggregates (Type IV) (Fig. 1). Type I, II and III structures are, by association, believed to be derived from endoplasmic reticulum and may be morphogenetically related. Type IV structures are generally observed free in the cytoplasm but sometimes in the vicinity of type III structures. It is not known whether these structures are somehow involved in the replication and/or assembly of the putative NANB virus or whether they are simply nonspecific responses to cellular injury. When treated with uranyl acetate, type I, II and III structures stain intensely as if they might contain nucleic acids. If these structures do correspond to intermediates in the replication of a virus, one might expect them to contain DNA or RNA and the present study was undertaken to explore this possibility.

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