scholarly journals The Reality and Dilemma in Using Community Risk Assessment as a Disaster Risk Reduction Tool in Ghana

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Oteng-Ababio
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Community Risk

Flood risk assessment for Ecuador 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Mena-Benavides ◽  
Manuel Urrutia ◽  
Konstantin Scheffczyk ◽  
Angel A. Valdiviezo-Ajila ◽  
Jhoyzett Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar Data ◽  
Ecological Regions

<p>Understanding disaster risk is the first priority for action of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) and is the essential information needed to guide disaster governance and achieve disaster risk reduction. Flooding is a natural hazard that causes the highest number of affected people due to disasters. In Ecuador from 1970 to 2019 flooding caused the highest amount of loss and damage to housing, and from 2016 to 2019 there were 1263 flood events reported. However, the differentiated impacts in flood exposed areas and what can be done to reduce risk and its impacts are still not well understood. In this research, we explored the different dimensions of flood risk, namely hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, and investigated the drivers of risk in different ecological regions of Ecuador. The assessment was conducted at the parish level, the smallest administrative scale, for three selected provinces of Bolivar, Los Ríos, and Napo, representing not only the country’s three main ecological regions but also commonly affected territories due to flooding. Using an automated flood detection procedure based on Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar data, flood hazard information was derived from flood frequency and flood depth for the years 2017, 2018, and 2019. The drivers of exposure and vulnerability were derived from scientific literature and further evaluated and complemented during a participatory workshop with over 50 local experts from the different regions. Centered on this exercise, an indicator library was created to inform the data selection from various sources and provides the basis for deriving a spatially explicit flood risk assessment using an indicator-based approach. Impact data are available to validate the risk assessment at the parish level and with this reveal key drivers of flood risk in different ecological regions of Ecuador. This information will provide the basis to derive targeted measures for disaster risk reduction.</p>

An Approach to Next-Generation Water Disaster Study – In Commemoration of the 10th Anniversary of the Establishment of ICHARM –

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1031
Author(s):  
Toshio Koike ◽  
◽  
Kuniyoshi Takeuchi ◽  
Shinji Egashira
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Drought Prediction ◽  
Water Disaster

In March 2015, the Third World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction adopted the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction with a two-part goal: to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risks through the implementation of integrated and inclusive measures that prevent and reduce hazard exposure and vulnerability to disaster, and to increase preparedness for response and recovery, thus strengthening resilience. The first priority for action was given to ”understanding disaster risk,” including focusing on the collection and use of data, risk assessment, disaster prevention education, and awareness raising. The stance of emphasizing science and technology was clearly expressed. In September 2015, the UN Summit meeting adopted the 17 goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Four of the 17 goals include targets related to disaster prevention and mitigation, which has given rise to active discussions over measurement methods and indicators for the targets. The Paris Conference of the UN Climate Change Conference (COP21), held from the end of November to early December 2015, placed an emphasis on the importance of science and technology in both mitigation and adaptation. In light of these international discussions and their outcomes, we called for papers on the following three topics for this special edition featuring water disasters. (1) Prevention of new water disaster risks: rainfall prediction, flood and drought prediction, river bed change prediction, climate change, land use plans, etc. (2) Reduction of existing water disaster risks: disaster data and statistics, risk monitoring, risk assessment, etc. (3) Resilience reinforcement and inclusive measures: disaster recovery, risk communication, competence development, etc. Nineteen papers were applied to this special issue. All papers were peer reviewed, and sixteen papers are included herein. We received invaluable comments and suggestions for all applications from the points of view of various fields from many experts in Japan and overseas. We would like to express our gratitude for these.

scholarly journals A framework to include the (inter)dependencies of Disaster Risk Reduction measures in coastal risk assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Cumiskey ◽  
Sally Priest ◽  
Nikolay Valchev ◽  
Christophe Viavattene ◽  
Susana Costas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Coastal Risk Assessment ◽  
Coastal Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction Measures

scholarly journals Disaster Risk On Review Scale And Spatial Planning Archipelago Region: The Risk Based Island Cluster In Moluccas Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
Ferad Puturuhu ◽  
Restia Christianty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Spatial Area

Disaster risk reduction (DRR) by taking into account the spatial planning in its implementation is not easy, for the Moluccas which has the characteristics of the region that has many cluster islands, and the accessibility are still low. Thus it requires special handling in the island-based disaster risk reduction, which will certainly be different from disaster risk reduction efforts that were undertaken in the continental region. The purpose of this research is to design the spatial area of the island cluster in Moluccas Province based on disaster risk. The method used is literature through spatial analysis of island risk-based groups. Based on the results of disaster risk assessment by the BPBD of Moluccas Province, it has been obtained that there are islands based on disaster risk (RB-islands cluster). The high disaster risk level was the island cluster on RB III and IX, the medium disaster risk level was the island cluster on RB I, IV, VI, and VIII, the low disaster risk level was the island cluster on RB II, V, and VII. The RB island cluster is a model for reaching areas with high disaster risk, can easily identify what causes it. It become an input to mitigate it through the spatial arrangements for achieving a sustainable archipelago development. The regional spatial arrangements aimed at reducing disaster risk in the RB-islands cluster in the Moluccas through spatial planning, structural handling/civil engineering, education, and community empowerment.

scholarly journals Guidance for Health Risk Assessment at Recurrent Mass Gatherings: The Jeddah Tool Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kingsley L. Bieh ◽  
Anas Khan ◽  
Ahmed El-Ganainy ◽  
Badriah Alotaibi ◽  
Sujoud Ghallab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mass Gatherings ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A wide range of natural and man-made hazards increases the health risks at mass gatherings (MGs). Building on the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (H-EDRM) framework to strengthen preparedness, response, and recovery from health emergencies in the communities and emergency-prone settings, such as MGs. The Jeddah tool is derived from the H-EDRM framework as an all-hazard MG risk assessment tool, which provides a benchmark for monitoring progress made in capacity strengthening over a given period for recurrent MGs. Additionally, it introduces a reputational risk assessment domain to complement vulnerability and capacity assessment matrixes. This paper describes the key elements of the Jeddah tool to improve the understanding of health risk assessment at MGs in the overarching contexts of health emergencies and disaster risk reduction, in line with international goals.

Flood Insurance and Flood Risk Reduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swenja Surminski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Flood Insurance ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
Event Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction Measures

The rapid increase in losses from flooding underlines the importance of risk reduction efforts to prevent or at least mitigate the damaging impacts that floods can bring to communities, businesses, and countries. This article provides an overview of how the science of disaster risk management has improved understanding of pre-event risk reduction [or disaster risk reduction (DRR)]. Implementation, however, is still lagging, particularly when compared to expenditure for recovery and repair after a flood event. In response, flood insurance is increasingly being suggested as a potential lever for risk reduction, despite concerns about moral hazard. The article considers the literature that has emerged on this topic and discusses if the conceptual efforts of linking flood insurance and risk reduction have led to practical action. Overall, there is limited evidence of flood insurance effectively promoting risk reduction. To the extent there is, it suggests that more complex behavioral aspects are also at play. Further evidence is required to support this potential role, particularly around data and risk assessment, and the viability of different risk reduction measures.

scholarly journals Disaster Risk in Central Asia: Socio-Economic Vulnerability Context and Pilot-Study of Multi-Risk Assessment in a Remote Mountain Area of Kyrgyz Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Ruslan Umaraliev ◽  
Rui Moura ◽  
Hans-Balder Havenith ◽  
Fernando Almeida ◽  
Abdurashit G. Nizamiev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study

The Kyrgyz Republic, as well as other countries of Central Asia, is highly exposed to natural-environmental hazards, which continues undermining efforts to achieve sustainable development. National disaster risk assessment procedures in Central Asian countries are mainly based on the evaluation of hazards without a detailed analysis of vulnerability and resilience. Additionally, the available practices of hazard assessments are mostly based on a zone-by-zone approach, which would make it difficult to develop a comparative assessment of facilities located in the same hazard zone. This situation hampers the efforts of the local governments to effectively plan and implement disaster risk reduction (DRR) actions when they cannot differentiate the individual facilities according to the risk level in order to focus the existing capacity (which is usually very limited) on increasing the resilience and reducing the vulnerability of the facilities with the highest risk. For improvement of DRR practices, the quantitative comprehensive approach of risk analysis applied in this study is used for risk assessment of educational institutions in one of the most seismically active and most disaster-prone mountain regions of Central Asia - the Alay valley, a wide intermontane valley situated in between the two biggest mountain systems in Asia: Tian Shan and Pamir. The developed multidisciplinary study suggests that the quantitative multi-risk assessment approach - can play a crucial role in understanding risks and can significantly improve the quality of disaster risk reduction planning. 

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