The Evaluation of Different Treatments of Incipient Caries Lesions: An in Situ Study of Progression Using Fluorescence-based Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
M Diniz ◽  
P Campos ◽  
M Souza ◽  
R Guaré ◽  
C Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Caries Lesion ◽  
Diagnodent Pen ◽  
Incipient Caries ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Mineral Loss

Clinical Relevance Effective methods to control incipient caries lesions are needed. In this investigation, several methods provide encouraging results. SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate in situ the inhibition of incipient caries lesion progression using different treatment protocols and to evaluate the effectiveness of fluorescence-based methods (DIAGNOdent, DIAGNOdent pen, and VistaProof fluorescence camera [FC]) in monitoring this process. The research was conducted in four phases: (1) at baseline, (2) after a first cariogenic challenge, (3) after treatment modalities, and (4) after a second cariogenic challenge. Sixteen volunteers used intraoral acrylic palatal appliances, each containing six enamel blocks (n=96). The cariogenic challenge was performed using a 20% sucrose solution over a 14-day period. The appliances were removed eight times a day and, upon removal, two drops of the solution were placed onto each enamel block. The enamel blocks were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: fluoride varnish ([FV] Duraphat; n=32), resin infiltrant ([RI] Icon; n=32), and adhesive system ([AS] Scotchbond; n=32). At the end of each phase, the surface microhardness (SMH) was measured, and two trained examiners evaluated the specimens using fluorescence-based methods. In addition, integrated mineral loss (ΔΔZ; vol%.min x μm) and lesion depth (ΔLD; μm) were evaluated using transverse microradiography. A two-way analysis of variance and a Tukey post hoc test were calculated (α=5%). Significant differences in SMH were observed according to the treatment, phases, and interaction of factors (p<0.001). Treatment with FV resulted in significantly higher SMH values in phases 3 and 4 compared to RI and AS, with the last two treatments resulting in similar values (p>0.05). The ΔΔZ value was similar for FV and AS but significantly higher for RI (p=0.016). ΔLD was not significantly different among the groups (p=0.126). Significant differences in the measurement of fluorescence for each fluorescence-based method were observed between each phase of the study (p<0.05). It can be concluded that all treatments were effective in inhibiting the in situ progression of incipient lesions, although to different degrees, with minor mineral loss changes observed for the AS and FV. Besides, all fluorescence-based methods tested, except for that using the FC device, were effective in monitoring caries lesion progression.

Sodium fluoride mouthrinse used twice daily increased incipient caries lesion remineralization in an in situ model

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriporn Songsiripradubboon ◽  
Hidenori Hamba ◽  
Chutima Trairatvorakul ◽  
Junji Tagami
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Caries Lesion ◽  
Incipient Caries

Mineral loss in incipient caries lesions quantified with laser fluorescence and longitudinal microradiography: A methodologic study

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zina Emami ◽  
Susan Al-Khateeb ◽  
Elbert de Josselin de Jong ◽  
Folke Sundström ◽  
Karin Trollsås ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Fluorescence ◽  
Incipient Caries ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Mineral Loss

In situ Mineral Loss Inhibition by CO2 Laser and Fluoride

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 617-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.K.A. Rodrigues ◽  
M. Nobre dos Santos ◽  
J.D.B. Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Mineral Loss

Laser and fluoride treatments have been shown to inhibit enamel demineralization in the laboratory. However, the intra-oral effects of this association have not been tested. This study assessed in situ the effect of a Transversely Excited Atmospheric CO2 laser (λ = 9.6 μm) and the use of pressure fluoridated dentifrice on enamel demineralization. During two 14-day phases, 17 volunteers wore palatal appliances containing human enamel slabs assigned to treatment groups, as follows: (1) non-fluoride dentifrice, (2) CO2 laser irradiation plus non-fluoride dentifrice, (3) fluoride dentifrice, and (4) CO2 laser irradiation plus fluoride dentifrice. A 20% sucrose solution was dripped onto the slabs 8 times per day. The specimens treated with laser and/or fluoridated dentifrice presented a significantly lower mineral loss when compared with those from the non-fluoride dentifrice group. The results suggested that CO2 laser treatment of enamel inhibits demineralization in the human mouth, being more effective when associated with fluoride.

The Effect of Chewing Gum Use on in situ Enamel Lesion Remineralization

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1895-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Creanor ◽  
R. Strang ◽  
W.H. Gilmour ◽  
R.H. Foye ◽  
J. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Surface Zone ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Mineral Loss

Two independent cross-over studies investigated the possibility of enhanced early enamel lesion remineralization with the use of chewing gum. The first study involved a sorbitol-containing chewing gum, and the second, which had an identical protocol, tested a sucrose-containing chewing gum. In each study, 12 volunteers wore in situ appliances on which were mounted enamel sections containing artificial caries lesions. Subjects brushed twice daily for two min with a 1100-ppm-F (NaF) dentifrice (control and test) and in the test phase chewed five sticks of gum per day for 20 min after meals and snacks. Microradiographs of the enamel lesions were made at baseline and at the end of the seven-week experimental period. In the sugar-free gum study, the weighted mean total mineral loss (Az) difference [(wk7 - wk0) x (-1)] was 788 vol.% min. x μm for the gum, corresponding to remineralization of 18.2%, vs. the control value of 526 vol.% min. x μm, 12.1% remineralization (p = 0.07). There were no significant differences for the surface-zone (p = 0.20) and lesion-body (p = 0.28) values. In the sucrose-containing gum study, the Az difference was 743 vol.% min. x μm for the gum, corresponding to a remineralization of 18.3%, vs. the control value of 438 vol.% min. x μm, 10.8% remineralization (p = 0.08). The surface-zone values were not significantly different (p = 0.55). For the lesion body, however, the sucrose-containing gum value of 6.11 vol.% min. was significantly different (p = 0.01) from that of the control (2.81 vol.% min.).

Effectiveness of a Toothpaste with Low Fluoride Content Combined with Trimetaphosphate on Dental Biofilm and Enamel Demineralization in situ

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana M. Takeshita ◽  
Marcelle Danelon ◽  
Luciene P. Castro ◽  
Kikue T. Sassaki ◽  
Alberto C.B. Delbem
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Oral Appliances ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Sodium Trimetaphosphate ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Mineral Loss

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate in situ whether a toothpaste with low fluoride associated with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) would provide similar effect to that of a 1,100 ppm F toothpaste. Design: This crossover double-blind study consisted of 4 phases (14 days each), during which 10 volunteers wore oral appliances containing 4 enamel bovine blocks. The cariogenic challenge was performed by the application of a 20% sucrose solution (6×/day). The toothpaste treatments (2×/day) were: placebo, 500 ppm F, 500 ppm F plus 1% TMP, and 1,100 ppm F. At the end, enamel mineral loss and biofilm composition were analyzed. Results: The toothpaste with 500 ppm F plus 1% TMP showed the lowest mineral loss (p < 0.05). Regarding the fluoride and calcium concentrations in the enamel and in the biofilm, there were no significant differences between 500 ppm F plus 1% TMP, and 1,100 ppm F toothpastes (p > 0.569), but they were significantly different when compared to toothpaste with 500 ppm F (p < 0.050). Conclusion: The addition of 1% TMP to a low-fluoride toothpaste reduces enamel demineralization in situ similar to a 1,100 ppm F toothpaste.

In situ Effect of Frequent Sucrose Exposure on Enamel Demineralization and on Plaque Composition after APF Application and F Dentifrice Use

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. Paes Leme ◽  
R. Dalcico ◽  
C.P.M. Tabchoury ◽  
A.A. Del Bel Cury ◽  
P.L. Rosalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Plaque Composition ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Mineral Loss

Since the effect of the combination of methods of fluoride use on enamel demineralization and on plaque composition is not clearly established, this study examined the effect of the combination of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) application and F dentifrice on enamel demineralization and on plaque composition. In this crossover study, 16 volunteers, wearing a palatal appliance containing bovine enamel blocks, were subjected to 4 treatment groups: non-fluoridated dentifrice (PD), FD, APF+PD, and APF+FD. The APF was applied to the enamel before the 14-day experimental period. During the experimental period, test dentifrices were applied 3×/day, and a 20% sucrose solution was applied 4× and 8×/day by being dripped on the blocks. Although APF application was able either to increase F concentration in plaque or to reduce the % of mutans streptococci, its combination with F dentifrice use neither reduced enamel mineral loss nor changed any other measured plaque variable with respect to the FD group alone.

scholarly journals Anticaries Potential of a Sodium Monofluorophosphate Dentifrice Containing Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate: Exploratory in situ Randomized Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Parkinson ◽  
Muhammad Siddiqi ◽  
Stephen Mason ◽  
Frank Lippert ◽  
Anderson T. Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Dentin Hypersensitivity ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Lesion Depth ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Mineral Loss

Calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) is a bioactive glass material that alleviates dentin hypersensitivity and is postulated to confer remineralization of caries lesions. This single-centre, randomized, single (investigator)-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, in situ study explored whether the addition of 5% CSPS to a nonaqueous fluoride (F) such as sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP)-containing dentifrice affects its cariostatic ability. Seventy-seven subjects wore 4 gauze-covered enamel specimens with preformed lesions (2 surface-softened and 2 subsurface) placed buccally on their mandibular bilateral dentures for up to 4 weeks. Subjects brushed twice daily with 1 of the 5 study dentifrices: 927 ppm F/5% CSPS, 927 ppm F/0% CSPS, 250 ppm F/0% CSPS, 0 ppm F/5% CSPS, or 0 ppm F/0% CSPS. Specimens were retrieved after either 21 (surface-softened lesions; analyzed by Knoop surface microhardness [SMH]) or 28 days (subsurface lesions; analyzed by transverse microradiography). The enamel fluoride uptake was determined for all specimens using a microbiopsy technique. The concentrations of fluoride and calcium in gauze-retrieved plaque were also evaluated. Higher dentifrice fluoride concentrations led to greater remineralization and fluoridation of both lesion types and increased plaque fluoride concentrations. CSPS did not improve the cariostatic properties of SMFP; there were no statistically significant differences between 927 ppm F/5% CSPS and 927 ppm F/0% CSPS in percent SMH recovery (p = 0.6788), change in integrated mineral loss (p = 0.5908), or lesion depth (p = 0.6622). Likewise, 0 ppm F/5% CSPS did not provide any benefits in comparison to 0 ppm F/0% CSPS. In conclusion, CSPS does not negatively impact nor does it improve the ability of an SMFP dentifrice to affect remineralization of caries lesions.

Effects on Demineralization of Enamel by Fluoridated Sucrose: A Pilot Study in an in Situ Caries Model

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Carlsson ◽  
B. Angmar-Mansson ◽  
I.-M. Redmo-Emanuelsson ◽  
K. Anderssén
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Caries Model ◽  
Weight One ◽  
Mineral Loss

Blocks of human enamel, placed in removable partial dentures, were allowed to acquire natural plaque for seven days and were exposed extra-orally to a cariogenic challenge by repeated periods in a fluoride-sucrose solution. As a control, enamel blocks were exposed extra-orally to a sucrose solution. After two weeks of cariogenic challenge, the blocks were examined for mineral loss by quantitative microradiography on thin sections of the enamel. The results from six subjects showed that no significant effect on demineralization could be detected by the addition of fluoride corresponding to fluoride/sugar content of 1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, or 10 mg/kg (dry weight). One subject did not develop lesions at all, either with fluoride-sucrose or with sucrose exposure alone.

In situ Effect of Arginine-Containing Dentifrice on Plaque Composition and on Enamel Demineralization under Distinct Cariogenic Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Y. Sanchez ◽  
Caroline L. de Oliveira ◽  
Thais C. Negrini ◽  
Lina N. Hashizume ◽  
Anderson T. Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharide ◽  
Experimental Phase ◽  
Enamel Demineralization ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Adult Volunteers ◽  
Mineral Loss ◽  
In Situ Split

There is limited evidence that arginine-containing fluoridated dentifrices (AFD) have a better anticaries effect than regular fluoridated dentifrices (FD), especially in subjects at a higher risk for caries development. This study aimed to assess the effect of AFD on enamel demineralization and on the microbial and biochemical compositions of biofilm formed under different frequencies of sucrose exposure. It consisted of an in situ split-mouth design, where 12 adult volunteers who used FD for at least 2 months prior to the beginning of this study wore acrylic palatal appliances containing 4 bovine enamel specimens (1 pair at each side of the appliance) during 2 phases of 14 days each. FD slurry (3×/day) and 20% sucrose solution (4× and 8×/day) were dripped on the specimens during the first experimental phase. The same volunteers then used AFD during a 2-month washout period, followed by a second experimental phase where the AFD slurry and sucrose solution were applied onto a new subset of specimens. The percentage of enamel surface hardness loss (%SHL), the lesion depth (LD), the integrated mineral loss (IML), microbial counts on biofilms, the biomass, and inorganic and insoluble extracellular polysaccharide (IEPS) biofilm concentrations were determined. Higher %SHL, biomass, and IEPS and lower fluoride values were found at sucrose 8×/day exposure. Lower IEPS were found in the presence of AFD compared to FD. Similar %SHL, LD, and IML values were found between FD and AFD, irrespectively of the cariogenic challenge. The results suggest that AFD have an anticaries effect similar to that of regular FD.

Secondary Caries Development in in situ Gaps next to Composite and Amalgam

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolien K. Kuper ◽  
Anelise F. Montagner ◽  
Françoise H. van de Sande ◽  
Ewald M. Bronkhorst ◽  
Niek J.M. Opdam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Human Dentin ◽  
Caries Progression ◽  
Mineral Loss ◽  
Composite Samples

This in situ study investigated the secondary caries development in dentin in gaps next to composite and amalgam. For 21 days, 14 volunteers wore a modified occlusal splint containing human dentin samples with an average gap of 215 µm (SD = 55 µm) restored with three different materials: Filtek Supreme composite, Clearfil AP-X composite and Tytin amalgam. Eight times a day, the splint with samples was dipped in a 20% sucrose solution for 10 min. Before and after caries development, specimens were imaged with transversal wavelength independent microradiography, and lesion depth (LD) and mineral loss (ML) were calculated. The LD and ML of the three restoration materials were compared within patients using paired t tests (α = 5%). In total 38 composite samples (Filtek n = 19 and AP-X n = 19) and 19 amalgam samples could be used for data analysis. AP-X composite presented the highest mean values of LD and ML of the three restorative materials. Amalgam showed statistically significantly less ML (Δ = 452 µm × vol%) than the combined composite materials (p = 0.036). When comparing amalgam to the separate composite materials, only AP-X composite showed higher ML (Δ = 515 µm × vol%) than amalgam (p = 0.034). Analysis of LD showed the same trends, but these were not statistically significant. In conclusion, amalgam showed reduced secondary caries progression in dentin in gaps compared to composite materials tested in this in situ model.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document