Water Model Experiment on the Motion of a Non-spherical Particle in Molten Steel Based on Simultaneous Visualization of the Particle and Surrounding Flow

Flow patterns and mixing behaviors in a gas stirred steelmaking ladle with a slag layer were discussed using a water model experiment as well as a numerical simulation. While the water model experiment was performed to investigate the effect of slag on the mixing behavior in ladle, the numerical simulation was carried out to figure out the flow pattern in ladle with a slag layer. Slag viscosity and its thickness in ladle were considered as major variables. It was found that a slag layer made a great change in the flow pattern in ladle, which, in turn, affected on the mixing behavior in ladle. A flow pattern without a slag layer showed that rising bubbles eventually made a recirculation loop at the central area of the ladle and this flow pattern was regarded as a favorable flow pattern for the better mixing behavior. However, a flow pattern with a slag layer showed distorted and localized recirculating loop near side wall below slag layer. This eventually gave a longer mixing time in ladle with a slag layer. Moreover, as the gas flow rate increases, slag existing on top of the ladle was found to be entrained into the melt. Slag viscosity and its thickness were found to be major variables affecting the behavior of slag entrainment. Lower the slag viscosity and thicker the slag layer, much more slag on top of the melt was entrained into the melt.

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Water model study of horizontal molten steel-Ar two-phase jet in a continuous casting mold

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B ◽

10.1007/s11663-000-0151-7 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 453-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Manabu Iguchi ◽

Norifumi Kasai

Keyword(s):

Continuous Casting ◽

Molten Steel ◽

Water Model ◽

Continuous Casting Mold ◽

Two Phase ◽

Casting Mold ◽

Model Study

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Physical Simulation of Molten Steel Homogenization and Slag Entrapment in Argon Blown Ladle

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr7080479 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 479 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yang ◽

Jin ◽

Zhu ◽

Dong ◽

Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Molten Steel ◽

Physical Simulation ◽

Mixing Time ◽

Water Model ◽

Steel Ladle ◽

Argon Flow Rate ◽

Argon Flow ◽

Slag Thickness ◽

Slag Entrapment

Argon stirring is one of the most widely used metallurgical methods in the secondary refining process as it is economical and easy, and also an important refining method in clean steel production. Aiming at the issue of poor homogeneity of composition and temperature of a bottom argon blowing ladle molten steel in a Chinese steel mill, a 1:5 water model for 110 t ladle was established, and the mixing time and interface slag entrainment under the different conditions of injection modes, flow rates and top slag thicknesses were investigated. The flow dynamics of argon plume in steel ladle was also discussed. The results show that, as the bottom blowing argon flow rate increases, the mixing time of ladle decreases; the depth of slag entrapment increases with the argon flow rate and slag thickness; the area of slag eyes decreases with the decrease of the argon flow rate and increase of slag thickness. The optimum argon flow rate is between 36–42 m3/h, and the double porous plugs injection mode should be adopted at this time.

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Study on Amplitude of the Surface of Liquid Steel in Bottom-Blowing Ladle with Immersed Tube

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.1511 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 734-737 ◽

pp. 1511-1515

Author(s):

De Hui Zhang ◽

Ming Gang Shen ◽

Qing Hua Qi ◽

Jin Wei Kuang

Keyword(s):

Flow Rate ◽

Molten Steel ◽

Liquid Steel ◽

Similarity Theory ◽

Steel Slag ◽

Water Model ◽

Argon Flow Rate ◽

Steel Making ◽

Argon Flow ◽

Bottom Blowing

In the process of bottom argon blowing large argon flow rate can cause vigorous fluctuations on the surface of the molten steel and splash and reoxidize the molten steel, making the slag rolled into the steel slag, also causing the erosion of the ladle lining refractories. A 1:7 ratio ladle water model system of 150 ton ladle was established from the similarity theory in the lab. Study and analyze the effects of the inserting depth and diameter of immersed tube and bottom blowing flow rate on the fluctuation of the surface of liquid steel. Results show that the fluctuations on the surface of steel can be limited effectively by changing the diameter and inserted depth of immersed tube when selecting a larger flow rate of bottom blowing, which improve the mixing effect of liquid steel.

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Water Modelling on the Effect of Trapezoidal Nozzle on Vortex during Teeming in Ladle

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.716 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 295-297 ◽

pp. 716-719

Author(s):

Rui Lin ◽

Zheng Guo Yan ◽

Tao Liu ◽

Jing Kun Yu

Keyword(s):

Cross Section ◽

Late Stage ◽

Model Experiment ◽

Critical Level ◽

Research Work ◽

Water Model ◽

Steel Ladle ◽

Critical Height ◽

Slag Entrapment

Based on approximation principle, water model experiment was carried out during teeming in a 60t steel ladle. Based on the previous research work, trapezoidal nozzlein with lager upper cross section was used to decrease the critical level of vortex in order to reduce the slag entrapment to the tundish. Different shape and height of upper part of the nozzle was investigated mainly to inhibit the vortex at the late stage of ladle teeming. When upper shape of trapezoidal nozzle is square, upper height is 20mm and 17mm, and eccentricity of nozzle is 3/4, critical height of vortex is about 34mm and 31mm. In this case, slag entrapment is controlled effectively and metal utilization is optimized more completely.

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