Dependence Level in Basic and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Armida Medina Barragán
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Katz Index ◽  
Dependence Level

During the life cycle of human beings, various evolutionary processes take place in a constant and irreversible way, aging is characterized by a progressive loss of functionality and adaptability; this process involves functional changes and a greater degree of dependence, gradually affecting their health and performance of daily activities, leaving a negative impact in the lives of older people. Objective: Evaluate the dependence level in basic and instrumental activities of daily living in older adults. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach and simple random sampling, the sample size consisted of 84 older adults, residents of Tepic Nayarit. Mexico. The Katz Index instruments were used to assess the functional dependence of the basic activities of daily living and the Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale to measure the level of independence in the instrumental activities of daily living. Results: The mean age of older adults was 74.58 ± 12.4 years. In regards to gender, 58% were female and 42% were male. The dependency classification according to the Katz index for basic activities of daily living determined that 50% had a significant prevalence of mild disability, 35.72% had moderate disability and 14.28% had severe disability. The Lawton-Brody (IADL) scale contributed evaluating the dependence level in instrumental activities of daily living, the results showed that 17% of older adults were independent, 21% had mild dependence, 25% had moderate dependence, 29% had severe dependence, and 5.9% had total dependence. Conclusions: The level of dependence is related to the health and age of persons and they are a constraint to be self-sufficient in managing the care they require daily, therefore, it is important to carry out interventions to promote independence and functionality in older adults.

scholarly journals Dependence in instrumental activities of daily living and its implications for older adults’ oral health

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249275
Author(s):  
Maria Vieira de Lima Saintrain ◽  
Suzanne Vieira Saintrain ◽  
July Grassiely de Oliveira Branco ◽  
José Manuel Peixoto Caldas ◽  
Caroline Barbosa Lourenço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
General Health ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Poor General Health ◽  
Instrumental Activities

We aimed to assess the association between dependence in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and oral health in older adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 280 people aged ≥60 years served at public primary health care centers in Northeastern Brazil. Sociodemographic, oral discomfort and general health data were collected. The Lawton and Brody scale were used to assess IADL. This research adheres to the STROBE checklist. Most participants were married (n = 139; 49.6%), women (n = 182; 65.0%) and retired (n = 212; 75.7%). A total of 37 (13.2%) older adults had some degree of dependence in IADL. Dependence in IADL was associated with: retirement (p<0.040), poor general health (p = 0.002), speech problems (p = 0.014), use of medications (p = 0.021), difficulty chewing and swallowing food (p = 0.011), voice changes (p = 0.044), edentulism (p = 0.011), use of toothbrush (p<0.001), use of toothpaste (p<0.001), and visit to the dentist in the previous year (p = 0.020). Functional disability was associated with older age, cardiovascular diseases, speech problems, chewing and swallowing difficulties, use of medication and brushing deficiency. The functional dependence in IADL can be considered an indicator of oral health status in older adults.

scholarly journals Fatigue as a long-term risk factor for limitations in instrumental activities of daily living and/or mobility performance in older adults after 10 years

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 1579-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Mueller-Schotte ◽  
Nienke Bleijenberg ◽  
Yvonne T. van der Schouw ◽  
Marieke J. Schuurmans
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mobility Performance ◽  
Instrumental Activities

scholarly journals Trajectories of Limitations in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Frail Older Adults With Vision, Hearing, or Dual Sensory Loss

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 936-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Mueller-Schotte ◽  
Nicolaas P A Zuithoff ◽  
Yvonne T van der Schouw ◽  
Marieke J Schuurmans ◽  
Nienke Bleijenberg
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Dual Sensory Loss

ASSESSMENT OF INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IN OLDER ADULTS WITH SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE USING THE VIRTUAL REALITY FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY ASSESSMENT TOOL (VRFCAT)

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A.S. Atkins1 ◽  
A. Khan ◽  
D. Ulshen ◽  
A. Vaughan ◽  
D. Balentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Capacity Assessment ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Background: Continuing advances in the understanding of Alzheimer’s disease progression have inspired development of disease-modifying therapeutics intended for use in preclinical populations. However, identification of clinically meaningful cognitive and functional outcomes for individuals who are, by definition, asymptomatic remains a significant challenge. Clinical trials for prevention and early intervention require measures with increased sensitivity to subtle deficits in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) that comprise the first functional declines in prodromal disease. Validation of potential endpoints is required to ensure measure sensitivity and reliability in the populations of interest. Objectives: The present research validates use of the Virtual Reality Functional Capacity Assessment Tool (VRFCAT) for performance-based assessment of IADL functioning in older adults (age 55+) with subjective cognitive decline. Design: Cross-sectional validation study. Setting: All participants were evaluated on-site at NeuroCog Trials, Durham, NC, USA. Participants: Participants included 245 healthy younger adults ages 20-54 (131 female), 247 healthy older adults ages 55-91 (151 female) and 61 older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) ages 56-97 (45 female). Measures: Virtual Reality Functional Capacity Assessment Tool; Brief Assessment of Cognition App; Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study Prevention Instrument Project – Mail-In Cognitive Function Screening Instrument; Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study Instrumental Activities of Daily Living – Prevention Instrument, University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment – Validation of Intermediate Measures; Montreal Cognitive Assessment; Trail Making Test- Part B. Results: Participants with SCD performed significantly worse than age-matched normative controls on all VRFCAT endpoints, including total completion time, errors and forced progressions (p≤0001 for all, after Bonferonni correction). Consistent with prior findings, both groups performed significantly worse than healthy younger adults (age 20-54). Participants with SCD also performed significantly worse than controls on objective cognitive measures. VRFCAT performance was strongly correlated with cognitive performance. In the SCD group, VRFCAT performance was strongly correlated with cognitive performance across nearly all tests with significant correlation coefficients ranging from 0.3 to 0.7; VRFCAT summary measures all had correlations greater than r=0.5 with MoCA performance and BAC App Verbal Memory (p<0.01 for all). Conclusions: Findings suggest the VRFCAT provides a sensitive tool for evaluation of IADL functioning in individuals with subjective cognitive decline. Strong correlations with cognition across groups suggest the VRFCAT may be uniquely suited for clinical trials in preclinical AD, as well as longitudinal investigations of the relationship between cognition and function.

Predictors of instrumental activities of daily living in community-dwelling older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham J. McDougall ◽  
Areum Han ◽  
Vincent S. Staggs ◽  
David K. Johnson ◽  
Joan M. McDowd
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Home and Clinical Assessments of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: What Could Explain the Difference between Settings in Frail Older Adults, If Any?

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 339-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Provencher ◽  
Louise Demers ◽  
Isabelle Gélinas
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Current Content ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Discharge From Hospital

Background: Older patients are usually assessed by occupational therapists in hospital before going home. However, for many frail older adults, this assessment in an unfamiliar environment might not be as representative of their functional abilities as an assessment at home. The aim of this literature review was to determine if differences exist between home and clinical instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) assessments of frail older adults and identify factors that might explain those differences, if any. Method: The sources of the review data were Medline, CINAHL, AMED, PsycINFO, Embase and Current Content from 1988 to 2008. As few relevant studies concerning frail people were found, the search was extended to mixed-age and older adult populations. Ten articles were retained. Main findings: The results suggest differences in IADL assessment between settings for older adults without dementia. Some factors, such as familiarity with the environment and coping skills, might explain those differences. Based on this review, similar results might be expected with frail older people. Implications for practice: Given the dearth of literature on this topic, further research is needed to compare home and clinical assessments and measure relevant factors in a frail population. Helping occupational therapists to identify frail patients, who may show different abilities in unfamiliar settings, could mean more appropriate services after discharge from hospital.

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